Journal of Business Venturing最新文献

{"title":"Aging and entrepreneurs' emotional exhaustion: The role of entrepreneurial strategy, psychological capital, and felt age gap","authors":"Ewald Kibler , Charlotta Sirén , Daniela Maresch , Virva Salmivaara , Matthias Fink","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we draw from the theory of social and emotional aging to examine the mechanisms of age-related emotional exhaustion among entrepreneurs. Based on longitudinal data from a sample of 840 entrepreneurs in four European countries, our study shows that, with increasing biological age, entrepreneurs experience less emotional exhaustion due to their enhanced psychological capital and because they apply less entrepreneurial strategies which focus on the creation of new market opportunities and the development of new products and services. In addition, we highlight the still under-explored role of entrepreneurs' felt age gap by demonstrating that, among the same age-group, individuals who feel younger than their biological age gain well-being benefits because they possess higher levels of psychological capital and become less exhausted from the application of entrepreneurial strategies. In conclusion, our study offers two significant contributions to the literature on entrepreneurial well-being. First, we introduce the concept of the ‘Hebe Effect in entrepreneurship’, named after the Greek goddess of youth, which demonstrates how feeling younger than one's biological age acts as a buffer against stress and protects entrepreneurs from the strains of entrepreneurship. Second, we deepen understandings of how entrepreneurs' strategic choices evolve over their lifespan and influence their personal well-being. These insights also carry practical implications for aging societies that promote entrepreneurship across individuals' lifespans.</p></div><div><h3>Executive summary</h3><p>This study addresses a critical gap in the entrepreneurship literature on aging and well-being by examining how age influences emotional exhaustion among entrepreneurs. Despite significant research conducted on aging and entrepreneurship, studies have yet to explore the interplay between biological age, subjective age, and emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, the manner in which entrepreneurs subject themselves to, and protect themselves from, emotional exhaustion across their lifespans remains severely underexplored. This lacuna is particularly striking given global trends of increased life expectancy, the burgeoning number of older individuals engaging in entrepreneurship, and the risks posed by emotional exhaustion to entrepreneurial efforts and individuals' lives, as well as the societal costs related thereto.</p><p>By using the theory of social and emotional aging (SEA), we investigate how biological age and subjective age impact entrepreneurs' emotional exhaustion. Our longitudinal study, based on data from 840 entrepreneurs across four European countries, reveals that older entrepreneurs experience less emotional exhaustion than their younger peers. This is due to their increased psychological capital and reduced engagement in strategies focused on new market opportunities and product development. Additionally, entrepreneurs who subjectively feel younger tha","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"39 5","pages":"Article 106418"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883902624000405/pdfft?md5=718072abe44b97fe1f9df7afc4935cd9&pid=1-s2.0-S0883902624000405-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The entrepreneurship of marginalized groups and compatibility between the market and emancipation","authors":"Alexander C. Lewis ,&nbsp;Rowena C. Crabbe","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper offers a market-compatible perspective of the emancipatory entrepreneurship of marginalized groups. We identify two dimensions of market-emancipation compatibility that derive from tensions inherent in the emancipatory entrepreneurship of marginalized groups. Ends-compatibility reflects the misalignment of emancipatory outcomes with market outcomes. Means-compatibility reflects the constraint entrepreneurs from marginalized groups encounter in market structures. We engage with these tensions in the context of the businesses, processes, and products that emerge from the entrepreneurship of marginalized groups. We use these tensions to derive propositions that speak to the likelihood emancipatory opportunities develop and that these opportunities are exploited by marginalized groups. With these propositions, we contribute to debates about entrepreneurship's overall emancipatory capacity. Specifically, we contribute a conceptual space in which the market forces that structure entrepreneurial activity and the material realities of venturing from marginalized social positions are incorporated into theorizing and testing entrepreneurship's capacity to enable marginalized groups with respect to structural disadvantage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"39 4","pages":"Article 106408"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141244616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The needle of charisma and the threads of trust: Advancing effectuation theory's crazy quilt principle","authors":"Tanurima Dutta ,&nbsp;Mark D. Packard","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effectuation theory posits that the accrual of disparate resources from various stakeholders is key to opening up transformational opportunities to the effectual venture. Here we aim to theoretically unravel the social exchange processes of the ‘effectual ask’—petitioning resource pre-commitments—pertaining to the so-called ‘crazy quilt’ principle. To do so, we introduce and integrate into effectuation theory's foundational mechanics key insights from social exchange theory (SET), which sees social interactions as mutually beneficial ‘exchanges.’ Revisiting a prior debate, we theorize on the different types of trust, how they distinctly influence the entrepreneurship process (particularly in obtaining resource pre-commitments), and how they are built over time. We also introduce charisma as a key factor in the trust-building process, distinguishing two types of charisma—causal and effectual—as individual-level mechanisms for enabling different types of stakeholder trust and commitment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"39 4","pages":"Article 106409"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141244617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entrepreneurial hustle: Scale development and validation","authors":"Devin Burnell ,&nbsp;Emily Neubert ,&nbsp;Greg Fisher ,&nbsp;Matthew R. Marvel ,&nbsp;Regan Stevenson ,&nbsp;Donald F. Kuratko","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Entrepreneurial hustle refers to the urgent and unorthodox actions entrepreneurs use to address obstacles and opportunities under uncertainty. Research examining this construct has been limited by the lack of a valid and reliable measure to capture these actions. Within this paper, we advance the conceptualization of the construct and develop a measure to capture the behavioral tendency to engage in entrepreneurial hustle. We test the nomological validity of entrepreneurial hustle, including key antecedents and an outcome derived from entrepreneurial action theory. Finally, we propose a future research agenda that uses the new measure developed herein.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"39 4","pages":"Article 106407"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141068248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legitimate incongruity: Strategic positioning within hybrid categories","authors":"Kostas Alexiou ,&nbsp;Jennifer Wiggins ,&nbsp;Md Fourkan","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary purpose of this research is to examine the extent to which positioning hybrid ventures as more or less congruent with their category influences perceptions of their legitimacy. To do so, we first introduce and define the notion of a <em>hybrid category</em> as an institutional context which combines two or more dominant institutional logics that both constrain and enable organizational action. We then construct a theoretical framework instantiated within a hybrid category, suggesting that moderate incongruence between a new venture's identity narrative and the expectations most strongly associated with the category will positively influence perceived legitimacy. We further predict specific relationships among dimensions of perceived legitimacy, as well as their downstream effects on an individual's willingness to contribute resources. Across three studies in which we experimentally manipulate congruence with a hybrid category, we find a consistent pattern of support for our hypotheses and reveal a unique benefit for new hybrid ventures who position themselves in a manner that is moderately incongruent with the hybrid category. In addition, our results suggest that moral legitimacy perceptions act as a precursor to cognitive legitimacy perceptions in new hybrid categories.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"39 4","pages":"Article 106402"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140879994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To profit or not to profit: Founder identity at the intersection of religion and entrepreneurship","authors":"Jody Delichte ,&nbsp;E. Erin Powell ,&nbsp;Ralph Hamann ,&nbsp;Ted Baker","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For more than a century, discussion of the connections between religion and entrepreneurship has pointed to what we would now label questions of identity. Our study of 25 participants in a program in Northern Kenya that aimed to introduce and stimulate capitalist entrepreneurship within extremely poor pastoralist communities shows that differences in participants' religious social identities strongly shaped whether or not they adopted new roles and role identities as capitalist entrepreneurs. This process also shifted the domains in which their religious and collectivist social identities were salient and helped to explain the emergence of important and contested changes in social and economic relations. We contribute to the development of founder identity theory by building research at the intersection of entrepreneurship and religion and at the intersection of entrepreneurship and poverty alleviation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"39 4","pages":"Article 106403"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140843879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer effects on passion levels, passion trajectories, and outcomes for individuals and teams","authors":"Simon Taggar ,&nbsp;Anne Domurath ,&nbsp;Nicole Coviello","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider the influence of inter- and intra-individual team dynamics on entrepreneurial passion change and the relevance of passion change to important outcomes. Drawing on person-environment fit theory, we hypothesize first, that in newly formed teams, the entrepreneurial passion levels of individuals are impacted by their peers' passion (the average passion of their teammates). Second, we expect that individuals' trajectories of passion change are influenced by their perception of fit with the team. Third, passion levels and trajectories are expected to impact entrepreneurial outcomes for both individuals and teams. To examine these temporal dynamics, our hypotheses are tested with data from an accelerator program involving 343 team members nested in 79 newly formed teams. The findings reveal that in new teams, individuals' passion for inventing, founding, and developing are positively (negatively) influenced when teammates have higher (lower) passion for these roles and the association between individual's passion and peers' aggregated passion becomes stronger over time. Over time, positive passion trajectories emerge when an individual perceives higher fit with their team, and entrepreneurial intent is predicted by both (a) end-state levels of individual passion and (b) passion trajectories for inventing and founding (but not developing). Finally, we find that team passion trajectories predict team performance. Implications of these multi-level findings are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"39 4","pages":"Article 106405"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883902624000272/pdfft?md5=6d3e7ccc89ed6c65d9b28d800ce91066&pid=1-s2.0-S0883902624000272-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140823487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the microfoundations of hybridity: A judgment-based approach","authors":"Carmen-Elena Dorobat ,&nbsp;Matthew McCaffrey ,&nbsp;Mihai Vladimir Topan","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106406","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;We explore the concept of organizational hybridity from the perspective of the Judgment-Based Approach to entrepreneurship (JBA). The JBA provides much-needed microfoundations for hybridity in the form of a more nuanced, action-based view of the market mechanism in shaping enterprises. Rather than a problem of conflicting logics at the organizational level, hybridity is redefined as entrepreneurial judgment at the individual level about combinations of monetary and psychic profit. Viewed this way, hybridity is a universal characteristic of real-world enterprises rather than a defining feature of a specific subset of them. This approach thus ultimately reshapes our understanding of hybridity and suggests an alternative view that is less conflictual and insular, and more conciliatory and integrated. It also sheds light on various problems facing such enterprises, including strategy formation, practical wisdom, normative pressures, mission drift, entrepreneurial groups, and public policy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Executive summary&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hybrid enterprises are said to combine different logics or orientations within an organization. These logics are typically described as either economic or social, and are usually conceived as existing in inherent tension with each other; hence, hybrid enterprises are neither conventional monetary profit-seeking businesses nor purely social or charitable organizations, but some awkward, possibly paradoxical combination of both. The best-known and most frequently studied types of hybrids are social enterprises, which straddle the line between monetary profit-seeking and the pursuit of broader social goals or social value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The literature on hybrids is growing rapidly, but to date there has been little agreement over its fundamental concepts and frameworks, and key questions remain about the origins, meaning, and development of hybrids. There is particular debate about whether the different “logics” of hybrids are necessarily in tension or conflict, or whether they exist harmoniously, as complements. Are hybrids just another form of profit-seeking market organization? As organizations, are they puzzles to solve, or perhaps paradoxes to confront? Answering these questions is crucial for understanding of what hybrids are, how they work, and what their broader implications are for economy and society.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We address to these debates by developing a new conceptual basis for studying hybrid enterprises. We argue that current controversies are usually the result of studying hybridity only at the organizational level. In response, we explore the microfoundations of hybridity, showing that what is called hybrid organizing simply reflects entrepreneurs' choices about how to pursue &lt;em&gt;monetary profits&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;psychic profits&lt;/em&gt;. Drawing on the Judgment-Based Approach to entrepreneurship (JBA), we show how entrepreneurial decision-making constantly negotiates the boundaries of monetary calculation and profit-seeki","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"39 4","pages":"Article 106406"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883902624000284/pdfft?md5=543cf02f984f992b0031361b70f7bb36&pid=1-s2.0-S0883902624000284-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140823488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework for investigating new firm entry: The (limited) overlap between informal-formal and necessity-opportunity entrepreneurship","authors":"Saul Estrin ,&nbsp;Maribel Guerrero ,&nbsp;Tomasz Mickiewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We analyse entrepreneurial entry along the dimensions of informal-formal and necessity-opportunity entrepreneurship, distinguishing between them yet considering them jointly. While the dominant view in the literature conflates necessity with informal entry, and opportunity with formal entry, we hypothesise that informal entrepreneurship may be attractive to higher-income individuals as a testing ground for entrepreneurial ideas. We also explain why higher-income individuals may undertake necessity entrepreneurship. We utilise individual Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data from Chile (2019–2021), which identifies informal-formal and necessity-opportunity entrepreneurial entry modes, to test hypotheses on the role of individuals´ income in the four types of entrepreneurial entry. We also consider changes in entrepreneurial entry during a crisis and a non-crisis periods. Our results confirm that the patterns in the data are consistent with hypotheses derived from our proposed theoretical framework.</p></div><div><h3>Executive summary</h3><p>Emerging markets economies have very large informal sectors, and their entrepreneurial entry is often motivated by economic necessity rather than by business opportunity. But neither informal nor necessity entrepreneurship are usually expected to generate the positive benefits for growth and development predicted for formal and opportunity entrepreneurship. We argue that the dominant stream in the literature actually conflates informal and necessity entrepreneurship, both of which have been associated with low human and financial capital and productivity. We propose that the appropriate typology is more complex than this because there are examples of successful and dynamic informal firms. This leads us to identify four categories of entrepreneurial entry: informal-necessity (Type 1), formal-opportunity (Type 2), informal-opportunity (Type 3), and formal-necessity (Type 4). While necessity entrepreneurship has typically been associated with low-income individuals, we propose that formal-necessity entrepreneurship may be an entry path for both low- and high-income individuals, though for different reasons. Informal opportunity entry may likewise be an option for people with low-income as well as high-income.</p><p>We therefore seek to disentangle the analysis of opportunity-necessity and of formal-informal entry and to demonstrate that the two less explored entry modes - informal-opportunity, and formal-necessity - are of considerable theoretical and practical significance in emerging economies. We test our framework in the emerging market economy setting of Chile, one of the more prosperous and open economies in Latin America. We use Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data which uniquely for Chile allow us to distinguish between individuals along both the formal-informal and the necessity-opportunity dimensions. On this basis, we distinguish empirically between these four categories of entreprene","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"39 4","pages":"Article 106404"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883902624000260/pdfft?md5=2522ca6068eb831105cee9073a15a7a0&pid=1-s2.0-S0883902624000260-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“I can't get it out of my mind” - Why, how, and when crisis rumination leads entrepreneurs to act and pivot during crises","authors":"Bach Nguyen ,&nbsp;Hai-Anh Tran ,&nbsp;Ute Stephan ,&nbsp;Ha Nguyen Van ,&nbsp;Pham Thi Hoang Anh","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2024.106395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Why do some entrepreneurs pivot their business models in a crisis, while others are more passive? Integrating Conservation of Resources theory with work on crisis rumination, we developed a micro-level model to explain why entrepreneurs who are under strain due to a crisis, as indicated by experiencing crisis rumination, adopt an active approach – i.e., using active coping and engaging in pivoting. Moreover, prevention-focused entrepreneurs who are habitually more sensitive to losses are especially stimulated by crisis rumination to pivot to prevent (further) resource losses. We tested our model in an experiment and an eight-month longitudinal study with entrepreneurs during an inflation crisis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"39 4","pages":"Article 106395"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088390262400017X/pdfft?md5=64f8a562c86638c6de7a4e1761d0298b&pid=1-s2.0-S088390262400017X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140540710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}