Journal of Business Venturing最新文献

{"title":"Early-stage business model experimentation and pivoting","authors":"Devin Burnell , Regan Stevenson , Greg Fisher","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent literature suggests entrepreneurs struggle to pivot—or fundamentally change aspects of their venture—due to identity-based resistance to change. Yet, when entrepreneurs receive negative feedback, overcoming this resistance may be important to pivoting their business model. We adopt a convergent, mixed methods research design to explore when and why some entrepreneurs overcome resistance to change in response to negative feedback during early-stage business model experimentation. Building upon qualitative data that we gathered and analyzed, we theorize entrepreneurs may resist pivoting their value proposition relative to other business model components despite receiving negative feedback on this aspect of their business model. However, we find three factors – entrepreneurial experience, startup mentoring, and team size – may enable entrepreneurs to pivot in response to negative feedback. We theorize that these factors broaden a startup team's perspective, enabling value proposition pivoting during early-stage business model experimentation. We test these relationships with quantitative data from 80 startups engaged in business model experimentation and find support across hypotheses. We contribute to understanding when and why entrepreneurs pivot aspects of their business models in response to negative feedback during early-stage business model experimentation.</p></div><div><h3>Executive summary</h3><p>The entrepreneurship literature suggests startups may benefit from experimentation and pivoting different parts of their business model in response to negative feedback from stakeholders (Andries et al., 2021; Camuffo et al., 2020; Shepherd and Gruber, 2021). In early stages of starting a new venture, a business model refers to a cognitive schema or belief about an activity system that could potentially create and capture value (Massa et al., 2017; Shepherd and Gruber, 2021). Business model experimentation is the process of testing assumptions underlying this potential business model and pivoting business model assumptions in response to negative feedback (Andries et al., 2013; McDonald and Eisenhardt, 2020; Leatherbee and Katila, 2020). Building upon prior literature, we define <em>business model pivoting</em> as a fundamental change to parts of the business model (Berends et al., 2021; Snihur and Clarysse, 2022; Shepherd and Gruber, 2021). Yet, literature also suggests founders often struggle to pivot assumptions despite negative feedback. Motives to preserve and protect certain assumptions relevant to founders' identities can interfere with pivoting (Grimes, 2018; Kirtley and O'Mahony, 2023; Zuzul and Tripsas, 2020). Despite the general understanding that founders struggle to change their ideas, however, the entrepreneurship literature currently lacks precise insight into when and why founders can overcome resistance to pivoting.</p><p>In this research, we explore when and why startups pivot different parts of their business model","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 106314"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41534087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving on: Narrative identity reconstruction after entrepreneurial failure","authors":"Itziar Castelló ,&nbsp;David Barberá-Tomás ,&nbsp;Eero Vaara","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite increasing interest in the narratives of entrepreneurial failure, the understanding of how entrepreneurs reconstruct their identity as they advance from experiences of failure to new ventures remains partial. Based on a narrative analysis of 49 entrepreneurs' experiences, we uncover three narrative types used by entrepreneurs when moving on: shielding, transformation, and authenticity. In particular, we elaborate on how the entrepreneurs employ specific discursive practices in their narratives to deal with three central aspects of identity reconstruction: construction of responsibility, identity transition, and identity validation. Thus, our analysis elucidates the narrative underpinnings of dealing with failure and deepens our understanding of entrepreneurial identity construction in the context of moving on.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 106302"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49283853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tale of two life stages: The imprinting effect of macroeconomic contractions on later life entrepreneurship","authors":"Panagiotis Sotirakopoulos ,&nbsp;Matthew P. Mount ,&nbsp;Cahit Guven ,&nbsp;Aydogan Ulker ,&nbsp;Carol Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studies argue that macroeconomic contractions create immediate incentives for individuals to pursue entrepreneurship. However, research has not addressed whether past macroeconomic contractions <em>imprint</em> on individuals and influence their future entrepreneurship. Integrating literature on the business cycle and imprinting with insights from lifespan psychology, we develop and test competing theoretical arguments aligned to two distinct life stages about <em>when</em> a macroeconomic contraction will imprint on individuals to influence their future entrepreneurship, and <em>how</em> such effects are imprinted. Our findings show that only contractions experienced during early adulthood influence entrepreneurship and this effect is transmitted culturally via country-level preferences for time discounting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 106313"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45492476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not so silent partners: Exploring the interconnected roles of entrepreneurs and their spouses","authors":"Blake D. Mathias,&nbsp;Stephanie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When launching their ventures, the majority of entrepreneurs are married. Yet, our understanding of the spousal influence on the entrepreneurial process remains limited. This is surprising considering the spouse represents one of the most influential figures in an individual's life. Through an inductive qualitative analysis of 18 spouse-entrepreneur pairs, we explore the interactive nature of venture-related roles between the spousal couple and how these spousal roles evolve over the course of the venture. Our study shows that the dynamic alignment between entrepreneurial roles and spousal roles allows the venture to progress through various stages of firm innovation, creation, and growth. Thus, our paper extends the broader literature on roles during the venturing process as we illuminate the “not-so-silent role” of spouses in entrepreneurship.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 106312"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48422123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparing for scaling: A study on founder role evolution","authors":"Evy Van Lancker ,&nbsp;Mirjam Knockaert ,&nbsp;Veroniek Collewaert ,&nbsp;Nicola Breugst","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the major entrepreneurial challenges faced by scaling firms involves changing their internal organization. Our study focuses on a particular aspect of internal organizing—namely, how founder roles evolve in preparation for scaling. By means of an in-depth case study and a combination of data collection methods, we study the evolution of formal and informal founder roles. For both types of roles, we identify a founder-driven and an interaction-driven phase, during which founder and/or joiner role-crafting take place. Through both types of role-crafting, founder roles are (re)shaped. Particularly unique to our study is that we identify three scaling-specific paths through which the role-crafting of joiners shapes founders' roles. Specifically, founders experience a role efficiency increase as they take over some of the joiner-introduced role behaviors, or a role set decrease as joiners take over some of their (formal or informal) roles. We further point to the importance of psychological safety and value fit for successful joiner role-crafting to occur and for founder roles to change following founder-joiner interactions. Our study adds to the literatures on scaling and entrepreneurship as well as to role theory and role-crafting literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 106315"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42347967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the highs and lows of entrepreneurial identity threats to persist: The countervailing force of a relational identity with God","authors":"Brett R. Smith ,&nbsp;Amanda Lawson ,&nbsp;Saulo Dubard Barbosa ,&nbsp;Jessica Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While an economic paradigm has been productive for entrepreneurship, religion has been proposed as an alternative rationality to advance research in our field. To extend a theological turn in entrepreneurship and identity research, our study inductively develops a conceptual model that explains how individuals navigate entrepreneurial identity threats based on the interaction between a relational identity with God (RIG) and an entrepreneurial identity to persist in entrepreneurial action. Our study suggests this can happen when entrepreneurs engage in inter-identity work mechanisms - affirming and humbling - to mitigate these identity threats. Specifically, a relational identity with God acts as a countervailing force to an entrepreneurial identity during times of identity threats to generate inter-identity meaning change, resulting in interidentity stability and entrepreneurial persistence. Through our study, we advance knowledge on the theological turn in entrepreneurship and identity by inductively developing theory on a new religious identity construct (RIG), elaborating theory of inter-identity work by shifting the focus from structural to content changes, and extending theory on entrepreneurial action, persistence, and well-being based on theological rather than economic considerations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"38 4","pages":"Article 106317"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47255711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rationality in the entrepreneurship process: Is being rational actually rational? Introduction to the special issue","authors":"Jeffrey M. Pollack ,&nbsp;Melissa S. Cardon ,&nbsp;Matthew W. Rutherford ,&nbsp;Enrica N. Ruggs ,&nbsp;Lakshmi Balachandra ,&nbsp;Robert A. Baron","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this special issue, we aim to explore the topic of rationality and its manifestations in entrepreneurship. The six articles in this special issue cover a range of questions about rationality – what it is, where it comes from, how it influences decision-making as well as understanding contextual factors that influence it. Reflecting our call for submissions as well as the accepted articles included in this special issue, we recognize, but also depart from, rationality's origins in economics to provide a range of perspectives on rationality in the entrepreneurship process. We also discuss common themes and future research directions for the field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"38 3","pages":"Article 106301"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44766990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From community rootedness to individuated entrepreneuring: The development of entrepreneurial motivation through a temporary community of practice","authors":"Yuliya Shymko ,&nbsp;Theodore A. Khoury","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the development of entrepreneurial motivation of participants in an Ecuadorian incubator. Using a narrative inquiry approach based on 41 interviews, we uncover how different modes of rootedness in distinct communities shape entrepreneurial dispositions and shed light on the role of a temporary community of practice in intermediating the development and ultimate transformation of these dispositions into individuated motivations. By bringing to the frontline the role of communities in shaping the formation process of entrepreneurial motivation, we offer a new theoretical angle for understanding intricate relations between social embeddedness, temporary communities of practice, and entrepreneurial pursuits in non-Western contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"38 3","pages":"Article 106300"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47381632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A system dynamics modelling of entrepreneurship and growth within firms","authors":"Jinfeng Lu ,&nbsp;Dimo Dimov","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2022.106285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2022.106285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper uses system dynamics modelling to explore processes through which entrepreneurial initiatives within firms lead to firm growth. Our model captures the interplay among various sub-processes and finds these processes form a complex system involving multiple interacting feedback processes. Simulation analysis shows that minor changes in firm conditions could lead to qualitatively different growth trajectories. They involve growth dynamics such as better before worse and worse before better scenarios. These findings prompt us to move beyond linear understanding of how entrepreneurship contributes to firm growth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"38 3","pages":"Article 106285"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45474485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress without a venture? Individual benefits of post-disruption entrepreneuring","authors":"Sara Thorgren ,&nbsp;Trenton Alma Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Entrepreneurial action only rarely results in the full transition to venture creation. Yet, extant research has focused almost exclusively on explaining how entrepreneurial action influences venture performance outcomes such as emergence and growth. Therefore, to advance theory, there is a need to uncover other outcomes of entrepreneurial action by decoupling it from venture creation. In this study, we begin such decoupling by exploring how entrepreneurial action can create individual benefits irrespective of venture emergence and financial success. We collected longitudinal data from a group of individuals who, due to forced migration, experienced significant disruption and then engaged in entrepreneurial action with the general goal of adapting to a new (to them) context. From this data, we integrated theory on entrepreneuring to develop a grounded model of post-disruption entrepreneuring. This model has three main components: (a) <em>disruption assessment impact</em>—interpretation of how the disruption will influence one's ability to pursue tasks and goals that provide meaning in life; (b) <em>use of entrepreneuring</em>—function and application of entrepreneuring activities in addressing opportunities or threats; and (c) <em>projected goals</em>—anticipated outcomes that provide meaning, motivation, and purpose. These attempts at assessing the contextual conditions provide individuals with an objective way of framing their situation. Thus, entrepreneuring can serve as an accessible mental structure that facilitates adaptation. In elaborating on post-disruption entrepreneuring, this study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the generative capacity of entrepreneurial action even in the absence of venture creation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business Venturing","volume":"38 3","pages":"Article 106292"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49259644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}