Japanese Dental Science Review最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy and feasibility of artificial intelligence-driven smartphone imaging for dental caries detection: A systematic review","authors":"Joseph Macadaeg Acosta ,&nbsp;Alexander Patera Nugraha ,&nbsp;Kunhua Yang ,&nbsp;Juan Ramón Vanegas Sáenz ,&nbsp;Aobo Ma ,&nbsp;Pagaporn Pantuwadee Pisarnturakit ,&nbsp;Guang Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review assesses the diagnostic accuracy, feasibility, and clinical performance of artificial intelligence (AI)-based smartphone imaging tools for detecting dental caries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Diagnostic Test Accuracy (PRISMA-DTA) guidelines, five databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, were searched up to March 26, 2025. This study was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD420251047689). Diagnostic accuracy and feasibility of AI-driven analysis of smartphone-based dental images for the detection of dental caries were assessed. Risk of bias and applicability were evaluated using QUADAS-2.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. AI models, particularly YOLO variants, DenseNet201, and MobileNetV3, demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, especially for cavitated lesions, with some outperforming junior dentists. Enhanced YOLO models achieved up to 85.5 % mean average precision. Tools were generally user-friendly and suitable for community or at-home screening. However, sensitivity for early or non-cavitated lesions varied.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AI-driven smartphone imaging shows promise as an accessible and reliable tool for caries detection, particularly in low-resource or remote settings. Further research is needed to improve early lesion detection, ensure clinical validation, and support equitable implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51334,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Dental Science Review","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 14-25"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which is the best adhesive system for primary tooth enamel? A systematic review and network meta-analysis of bond strength data","authors":"Francisca Jennifer Duarte de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Maria Larissa da Silva Flor ,&nbsp;Mariana Silva de Bessa ,&nbsp;Bárbara Faria de Sá Barbosa ,&nbsp;Patrick Wesley Marques de Boa ,&nbsp;Rodolfo Xavier de Sousa-Lima ,&nbsp;Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges","doi":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Evaluate the bond strength performance of the different types of adhesive systems to the primary tooth enamel.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was registered in the Open Science Framework (<span><span>https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/YURB4</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>). A two-stage literature search was conducted by two independent reviewers on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and gray literature to identify <em>in vitro</em> studies evaluating the bond strength of different adhesive systems to primary tooth enamel. The risk of bias was evaluated with the QUIN tool. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the bond strength at 24 h.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final sample was composed of 14 articles. The 2-bottle universal adhesive system with phosphoric acid etching (PAE) was statistically similar to the 3-step etch-and-rinse (E&amp;R). In addition, self-etch and etch-and-rinse adhesives with the same number of steps had similar performances. In the ranking, 3-step E&amp;R had the highest probability of being ranked the best adhesive, while 1-step self-etch without PAE had the lowest. All studies had a low risk of bias.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>2-bottle universal adhesive systems with PAE can probably provide similar bond strength to primary tooth enamel compared to 3-Step E&amp;R. In addition, the similar performance of some of the tested adhesive systems indicates the possibility to reduce clinical steps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51334,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Dental Science Review","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of large language models in dental diagnosis, decision-making, and communication: A systematic review","authors":"Taibe TOKGÖZ KAPLAN ,&nbsp;Gülbahar ERDİNÇ AKYOL","doi":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of LLMs in the healthcare sector offers significant potential for improving medical practice and patient care. They assist in medical diagnosis by analyzing patient symptoms and other relevant data. This systematic review proposes to assess the existing literature on the use of LLMs<strong>.</strong> The comprehensive review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Scopus databases using keywords related to LLMs for articles published in English language at all times. Data was extracted to determine the applications, evaluation criteria and outcomes of LLMs in dentistry. Of 1142 records, 38 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Among all studies, ChatGPT-3.5 was the most frequently used LLM. Most of the studies addressed patient questions during or after dental treatment. Most studies asked open-ended questions, and the Likert scale was the most used evaluation scale. This systematic review has shown that LLMs can increase efficiency, improve patient care and diagnostic support in dentistry. However, due to the risk of incorrect and incomplete information, LLMs should be used as clinical decision support tools. To increase their effectiveness and reliability, they should be trained on rigorously validated and continuously updated data sets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51334,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Dental Science Review","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 57-67"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the optimal irrigation activation or agitation techniques for postoperative pain control: A network meta-regression of clinical trials","authors":"Fatma Pertek Hatipoğlu ,&nbsp;Merve Çoban Öksüzer ,&nbsp;Mohmed Isaqali Karobari ,&nbsp;Ömer Hatipoğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Postoperative pain after root canal treatment remains a frequent clinical problem despite advances in instruments and irrigants. This Bayesian systematic review and network meta-regression compared seven irrigation activation/agitation techniques—positive pressure, manual dynamic, sonic, ultrasonic, multisonic, negative-pressure and laser-activated irrigation—with respect to Day-1 postoperative pain. Electronic searches of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science were conducted up to 10 December 2024; 57 trials (2595 patients) were included qualitatively and 31 contributed to the quantitative network. Pain scores were rescaled to a 0–10 scale and analysed as mean differences, with symptomatic status modelled as an ordinal covariate and treatment rankings summarised using SUCRA values. Laser-activated irrigation (LAI) produced the lowest Day-1 pain and showed a clinically important advantage over manual dynamic irrigation (MDI) exceeding the 1.0-point minimal clinically important difference, while also outperforming positive pressure and ultrasonic irrigation with smaller, statistically but not clinically important effects. Multisonic and negative-pressure irrigation also ranked favourably, whereas MDI consistently showed the highest pain scores and the lowest SUCRA values. Baseline symptomatic status was a strong effect modifier, with symptomatic teeth experiencing substantially higher pain irrespective of technique. Overall CINeMA confidence was low to very low for most contrasts, indicating that these findings should be interpreted cautiously and highlighting the need for larger, better-designed trials with standardised pain-assessment protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51334,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Dental Science Review","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 26-45"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endodontic implications of hypercementosis: A systematic review of anatomical challenges and therapeutic strategies","authors":"Claire Lafourcade ,&nbsp;Cyprien Clark ,&nbsp;Raphaël Devillard ,&nbsp;Olivia Kérourédan ,&nbsp;Léa Massé","doi":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Hypercementosis, characterized by excessive cementum deposition that distorts apical root morphology, poses specific anatomical challenges in endodontics; this systematic review aimed to synthesize its endodontic implications and to propose tailored treatment strategies for affected teeth.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO-DOSS, and Google Scholar following PRISMA guidelines. The SPIDER tool was used to refine inclusion criteria, focusing on studies involving human teeth affected by hypercementosis and its impact on endodontic treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ten studies met the inclusion criteria: three experimental/descriptive and seven clinical studies. Hypercementosis was associated with anatomical challenges, complicating working length determination, canal negotiation, and obturation. Reported treatment approaches included orthograde treatment, surgical endodontics [including computer-aided-design-guided microsurgery], and the use of Cone Beam Computed Tomography for enhanced visualization of root morphology. Despite these interventions, treatment outcomes remained limited by persistent anatomical complexities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Hypercementosis presents a significant challenge in endodontic treatment. A stepwise approach, ranging from clinical monitoring in asymptomatic cases to surgical interventions is recommended. The integration of advanced imaging technologies and individualized treatment planning is essential to improving therapeutic outcomes. Larger cohort studies with standardized diagnostic criteria are needed to better assess the prevalence of hypercementosis and its incidence on endodontic treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51334,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Dental Science Review","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 68-80"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the diagnosis: Unraveling DSPP genotype-phenotype correlations in dentin dysplasia and dentinogenesis imperfecta","authors":"Angkana Boonyakanog ,&nbsp;Kanokrat Sriwangyang ,&nbsp;Thamasorn Eamtanaporn ,&nbsp;Annop Krasaesin ,&nbsp;Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin ,&nbsp;Soranun Chantarangsu ,&nbsp;Sung-Dae Cho ,&nbsp;Hamid A. Rokny ,&nbsp;Thantrira Porntaveetus","doi":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>DSPP</em> gene regulates dentin mineralisation, and its pathogenic variants cause a spectrum of defects ranging from dentin dysplasia (DD-II) to dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI-II/III). Clinical variability often confounds diagnosis. This systematic review of 48 publications (70 variants, 99 records) delineates quantitative genotype–phenotype correlations. Results revealed distinct molecular clustering: Exon 5 harboured 61 % of variants, predominantly frameshifts disrupting the repetitive dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) domain. In contrast, upstream regions (exons 2–4) contained mixed variant types affecting the signal peptide and dentin sialoprotein (DSP). Statistical analysis established a definitive severity gradient. Exon 5 frameshifts were significantly associated with the milder DD-II, characterised by thistle-shaped pulps and clinically normal permanent dentition. Conversely, upstream signal peptide, splice site, and missense variants (exons 2–3) were linked to the severe DGI-III, manifesting as ‘shell teeth’, rapid attrition, and pulp exposure requiring complex prosthodontic intervention. DGI-II displayed no specific genomic clustering, representing an intermediate phenotype. These findings provide complementary insights to historical classifications, highlighting a continuous spectrum of <em>DSPP</em> disorders where upstream defects cause severe failure, while downstream defects result in attenuated localised anomalies. Consequently, integrating <em>DSPP</em> genotyping into diagnostic workflows is essential to predict disease progression, refine molecular taxonomy beyond the Shields system, and guide personalised rehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51334,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Dental Science Review","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 46-56"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning Styles in undergraduate dentistry students: A systematic review","authors":"N. Ferrer-Valdivia ,&nbsp;V. Herrera-Barraza ,&nbsp;C. Garrido-Urrutia","doi":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the prevalence of Learning Styles (LS) among undergraduate dentistry students (UDS),</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Cochrane manual’s methodology and PRISMA statement were used. Four databases were searched, and the studies were selected based on eligibility criteria. The search strategy was <em>Learning Style</em> AND <em>Dentistry</em> and <em>Learning Style</em> AND <em>dental student</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 30 articles were included, 17 of which used the Visual, Aural, Read-write and Kinesthetic (VARK) questionnaire, 8 the Kolb LS Inventory (LSI), 3 the Honey-Alonso questionnaire (CHAEA) and 3 the Felder and Solomon LS index (ILS). The studies that allowed us to extract all the necessary data to calculate the global percentages for each instrument were grouped together. For VARK, LSI, CHAEA and ILS the highest number and percentage of learning styles were 1089 (50.4 %) multimodal, 518 (32.7 %) divergent, 239 (46.7 %) reflectors and 107 (64.8 %) active, 130 (78.8 %) sensitive, 138 (83.6 %) visual and 106 (64.3 %) sequential, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a tendency for multimodal, divergent and reflective LS to increase among clinical students, unlike initial and preclinical dentistry students, who lean towards unimodal, convergent and theoretical LS. This dynamism in LS could be influenced by the different methodologies strategies used in the preclinical and clinical courses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51334,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Dental Science Review","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 79-89"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the optimal concentration of carbamide peroxide for at-home bleaching? A systematic review and network meta-analysis","authors":"Deisy Cristina Ferreira Cordeiro ,&nbsp;Romina Ñaupari-Villasante ,&nbsp;Letícia Caroline Condolo ,&nbsp;Renata Maria Oleniki Terra ,&nbsp;Michael Willian Favoreto ,&nbsp;Juliana Larocca de Geus ,&nbsp;Ana Claudia Chibinski ,&nbsp;Alessandra Reis","doi":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study represents the first network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing the efficacy and safety of different concentrations of carbamide peroxide (CP) for at-home bleaching in permanent dentition. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Central, LILACS/BBO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, EMBASE, and gray literature. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing at least two CP concentrations were included. Color change (ΔE, ΔSGU), risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity TS was assessed Cochrane RoB 2.0 and GRADE were used to evaluate the risk of bias (RoB) and certainty of evidence. Thirteen RCTs were included, most with high RoB. CP5 % and 37 % appeared in a single trial each. For ΔSGU, no significant differences were detected between concentrations. For ΔE, all concentrations were superior to CP 5 %, with the largest difference observed for CP 37 %; intermediate concentrations showed minimal variations. Regarding TS, CP10 % was associated with a 67 % lower risk compared to CP 20–22 % (RR 1.67; 95 % CrI: 1.15–2.57), and CP 20–22 % also caused significantly higher TS intensity on the NRS scale. Conclusion: Lower concentrations of CP reduced the risk of TS while achieving bleaching efficacy comparable to higher concentrations, suggesting that less concentrated gels is safer and effective for at-home bleaching.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51334,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Dental Science Review","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 250-263"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of bleeding with dentoalveolar surgery in patients taking direct oral anticoagulants or vitamin K antagonists: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ke Dou ,&nbsp;Yue Shi ,&nbsp;Baoyi Yang ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the bleeding risks in patients undergoing dentoalveolar surgery who were on uninterrupted therapy with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) or vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Electronic database searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CENTRAL through 28 September 2024, following PICOS criteria. Two reviewers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and assessed the risk of bias. Data were pooled to estimate risk ratios (RR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) using a fixed-effects model. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed with the Q statistic and I². Subgroup analyses were conducted according to study characteristics, while sensitivity analyses were used to pinpoint potential sources of heterogeneity and evaluate the reliability of the results.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>29 studies enrolled a total of 29,212 patients. Meta-analysis demonstrated a reduced risk of bleeding in patients receiving DOACs compared to those treated with VKAs (RR = 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.68–0.92, I² = 0 %, P = 0.002). Subgroup analysis revealed a significantly reduced risk of bleeding with dabigatran compared to VKAs (RR = 0.40, 95 % CI: 0.23–0.67, I² = 0 %, P = 0.0006). However, no statistically significant differences were found between rivaroxaban (RR = 1.08, 95 % CI: 0.84–1.39, I² = 38 %, P = 0.54), apixaban (RR = 0.88, 95 % CI: 0.64–1.3, I² = 0 %, P = 0.46), edoxaban (RR = 0.70, 95 % CI: 0.45–1.11, I² = 60 %, P = 0.13) and VKAs. Combined analyses indicated an increased risk of bleeding with DOACs compared to controls (RR = 3.23, 95 % CI: 2.18–4.78, I² = 24 %, P &lt; 0.0001), as well as increased bleeding risk with VKAs (RR = 3.35, 95 % CI: 2.31–4.85, I² = 0 %, P ＜ 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients receiving DOACs or VKAs have an increased risk of bleeding during dentoalveolar surgery, but severe bleeding requiring hospitalization or causing irreversible damage is rare. Patients using DOACs appear to have a lower bleeding risk compared to those on VKAs. This difference is mainly observed in dabigatran etexilate, while it remains unclear in rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban. Current quality of evidence is very low, which should be interpreted with caution. Future studies with higher quality of evidence are required to strengthen the validity of these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51334,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Dental Science Review","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 188-199"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144813793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of active vs. passive application of dental adhesives on bond strength to dentin and enamel: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies","authors":"Gabriela Luiza Moreira Carvalho ,&nbsp;Paulo Matias Moreira ,&nbsp;Bruna Tavares Carneiro ,&nbsp;Thais Yumi Umeda Suzuki ,&nbsp;Marcos Daniel Septímio Lanza ,&nbsp;Hugo Henriques Alvim ,&nbsp;Marcelo Giannini ,&nbsp;Carolina Bosso Andre","doi":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdsr.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application method of adhesive systems affects both immediate and long-term bond strength. This systematic review analyzed <em>in vitro</em> studies comparing active versus passive application of adhesives on enamel and dentin, regardless of classification. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, and Grey Literature. Included studies assessed bond strength with active or passive application. Meta-analyses were stratified by substrate (enamel and dentin) and application mode (etch-and-rinse or self-etching), using a random-effects model and I² index for heterogeneity. The RobDEMAT tool assessed the risk of bias. Out of 3022 articles, 23 met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed that passive application of universal adhesives in etch-and-rinse mode resulted in higher bond strength to enamel. However, active application of etch-and-rinse or universal adhesives in etch-and-rinse mode improved bond strength on dentin. For self-etching or universal adhesives in self-etching mode, active application enhanced bond strength on both enamel and dentin. Few studies assessed longevity, but those that did reported positive outcomes for active application. One self-curing universal adhesive showed significantly different results. In conclusion, active application improves bond strength to dentin in two-step etch-and-rinse mode and to unconditioned enamel and dentin in self-etching mode.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51334,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Dental Science Review","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 90-102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}