Journal of Hematopathology最新文献

{"title":"Exploring castleman disease in a cohort of hispanic patients: a recognition to its histopathology.","authors":"Alfonso Orozco-Collazo, María José Lizardo-Thiebaud, Sergio Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Daniel Montante-Montes de Oca, Berta Riveros-Gilardi, Beatriz Sánchez-Hernández, Alec Seidman-Sorsby, Cinthya Monroy-Ramos, José Jesús Sandoval-López, Isabel García-Carrera, Déborah Martínez-Baños","doi":"10.1007/s12308-025-00637-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-025-00637-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Castleman disease is a clinicopathological entity that shares features with hematological, rheumatological, and infectious diseases, making accurate diagnosis essential. The objective of this study is to characterize the clinical and pathological characteristics of CD in a Mexican cohort. A retrospective study was conducted on adult Mexican patients diagnosed with unicentric (UCD) and multicentric (MCD) Castleman disease from 1985 to 2023. Clinical and histopathological characteristics typical of UCD and MCD were observed. POEMS-associated MCD showed a higher relapse rate. The mixed histopathological variant was more prevalent in MCD. Immunohistochemical expression of VEGF-A was elevated in all CD cases. A multidisciplinary diagnostic approach is crucial for accurately categorizing CD. The mixed histopathological variant was more common than previously reported, especially in MCD. Further studies are needed to validate VEGF-A as a biomarker for CD.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"18 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of acid sphingomyelinase deficiency type B with prominent histiocytes with engulfed nucleated cells and compound heterozygosity.","authors":"Jodi Gedallovich, Jorge Luis Rodriguez-Gil, Beth Martin, Sebastian Fernandez-Pol","doi":"10.1007/s12308-025-00641-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-025-00641-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency type B (ASMD-B), also known as Niemann-Pick type B (NPB), is caused by inherited mutations in acid sphingomyelinase that results in accumulation of sphingomyelin and other lipids in monocytes/macrophages leading to splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and/or cytopenias that typically manifest in mid-childhood. Microscopic examination of bone marrow aspirate and core biopsy specimens frequently reveals the presence of foamy histiocytes. In this case report, we describe a case of a 21-year-old woman who presented with progressive hepatosplenomegaly, gastroparesis, weight loss, and a neutrophilic leukocytosis who was found to have foamy histiocytes with engulfed nucleated cells compatible with emperipolesis or hemophagocytosis. Based on the constellation of clinicopathologic findings, a lysosomal storage disorder was suspected and subsequent genetic testing revealed the presence of two SMPD1 variants, one known pathogenic (c.1829_1831del, p.Arg610del) and one variant of unknown significance (VUS) (c.872G > A, p.Arg291His) (Table 1). Follow-up testing found that acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity was low (0.11 nmol/h/mg, reference value > 0.32 nmol/h/mg), consistent with enzyme dysfunction and supportive of the diagnosis of NPB. The patient was started on enzyme replacement therapy with olipudase alfa. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of NPB in which foamy histiocytes with engulfed nucleated cells were a prominent feature in the bone marrow aspirate. One recent study reported finding emperipolesis in some cases of ASMD. Thus, this may be an uncommon but recurrent finding in some NPB patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"18 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with translocation (14;14)(q11.2;q32) involving IGH and CEBPE with review of the literature.","authors":"Christine Sholy, Linnea Banker, Lakshmi R Chelapareddy, Richard D Hammer","doi":"10.1007/s12308-025-00639-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-025-00639-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Translocation (14;14)(q11;q32) with immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) (14q32) and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein (CEBPE) (14q11) involvement is a rare cytogenetic aberration in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL) associated with a favorable prognosis. This study compares the genetic profile and outcome of a new case with previously reported cases of B-ALL with t(14;14)(q11;q32). In the context of routine diagnostic procedure, a case of B-ALL with t(14;14)(q11;q32) and IGH-CEBPE fusion was identified in a 53-year-old female. The patient achieved complete remission (CR) during induction chemotherapy and remained stable on maintenance therapy for 8 months before passing away from infectious complications, without evidence of leukemic disease. The rapid and sustained treatment response supports the concept that t(14;14)(q11;q32) with IGH and CEBPE involvement may represent a novel B-ALL subgroup distinguished by a favorable prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"18 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reed-Sternberg cell-like morphologic variant of B-lymphoblastic leukemia.","authors":"Carley Bekkers, Ian Grace, David Michael Conrad","doi":"10.1007/s12308-025-00638-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-025-00638-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"18 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variant allele fraction or copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity? A comparison of testing platforms in the classification of myeloid neoplasia.","authors":"Pranav P Patwardhan, Vandana Baloda, Raniah D Al Amri, Mahmoud Aarabi, Nathanael G Bailey","doi":"10.1007/s12308-025-00636-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-025-00636-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MDS/MPN) classification requires integration of mutational and cytogenetic data. MDS with biallelic TP53 inactivation (biTP53) is an established category, and MDS and MDS/MPN with biallelic TET2 (biTET2) inactivation is an emerging one. Biallelic genetic inactivation is established by both a mutation and copy loss or copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CNLOH) of the other allele, or it can be inferred by identifying multiple or single mutations at a sufficiently high variant allele fraction (VAF). The purpose of this study was to determine whether CNLOH genotyping data is needed to assign patients to biTP53 or biTET2 categories. We studied 157 patients with MDS or MDS/MPN who had sequencing, karyotype, and microarray performed at our institution and assigned patients to biTP53 and biTET2 categories using thresholds established in prior studies. We identified 24 biTP53 and 27 biTET2 patients. In the biTP53 group, 8 patients had > 1 mutation, 9 had a single mutation with 17p loss identified by karyotype and microarray, 2 had a single mutation with 17p loss identified only by microarray, and 3 had a single mutation and 17p CNLOH. All patients with 17p CNLOH had TP53 mutant VAF > 55%. In the biTET2 group, 24 patients had > 1 TET2 mutation with VAFs summing to > 50% and 3 had 4q CNLOH. All patients with 4q CNLOH had TET2 mutant VAF > 50%. In this cohort, CNLOH in 17p and 4q by microarray did not provide information in addition to that provided by inferring the allelic status of TP53 and TET2 using the VAF. This supports that platforms such as optical genome mapping that do not readily detect CNLOH would, in conjunction with sequencing, be adequate to identify MDS and MDS/MPN patients in the biTP53 and biTET2 categories in the great majority of cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"18 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The t(18;22)/IGL::BCL2 translocation defines a unique CLL subtype: association with early treatment initiation.","authors":"Shaobin Yang, Huilan Li, Jingya Yao, Enbin Liu, Xin Tian, Xiaoju Hou, Long Chen, Yani Lin","doi":"10.1007/s12308-025-00634-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-025-00634-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most prevalent BCL2 fusion in B-cell lymphoma involves the IGH gene, attributable to the t(14;18)(q32;q21) translocation; this chromosomal abnormality is predominantly observed in follicular lymphoma (FL) and serves as one of its diagnostic hallmarks. In contrast, the fusion of BCL2 with IGL via the t(18;22)(q21;q11) translocation occurs less frequently. To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics associated with t(18;22)/IGL::BCL2, we conducted an analysis of five cases of B-cell lymphoma exhibiting the t(18;22) translocation. These patients underwent comprehensive diagnostic assessments, including pathological examination, flow cytometry, karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing, and genome-wide mutation analysis. Simultaneously, we conducted a literature review. All five patients in the study were male and diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Two patients exhibited an isolated t(18;22) chromosomal abnormality, while the remaining three presented with an additional +12 abnormality. Genetic rearrangements involving BCL2 and IGL were observed in all patients. Immunophenotypic analysis revealed no significant differences between classical CLL and cases with the t(18;22)/IGL::BCL2 translocation. Genetic testing conducted on three patients confirmed the presence of IGHV mutations. Of the three patients for whom treatment information was available, one demonstrated treatment indications at the initial diagnosis, one demonstrated treatment indications 14 months later, both of them did not respond to the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, and another one did not meet criteria for treatment. A comprehensive literature review identified 51 cases of the t(18;22)(q21;q11) translocation, primarily associated with CLL diagnoses. Detailed clinical trajectories were available for seven patients, among whom four required treatments at initial diagnosis, and two exhibited resistance to BTK inhibitors. Based on our case series and literature review, these cases appeared to have shorter time to first treatment (TTFT); however, more studies are needed. The t(18;22) chromosomal translocation, resulting in IGL::BCL2 fusion, is an infrequent occurrence predominantly observed in cases of CLL. This genetic anomaly frequently coexists with trisomy 12. Preliminary data suggest that these cases may have a shorter TTFT, though larger cohorts are needed for validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"18 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Day + 100 bone marrow megakaryocyte count predicts transplant outcome in patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome and acute leukemia.","authors":"Zeynep Arzu Yegin, Şeyma Yıldız, Emine Merve Savaş, Ali Şeker, Pınar Uyar Göçün, Zübeyde Nur Özkurt, Nalan Akyürek, Münci Yağcı","doi":"10.1007/s12308-025-00633-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-025-00633-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Megakaryocytes (MKs), the precursor cells of platelets, have essential roles in a variety of pathophysiological processes in the bone marrow (BM) niche. Megakaryocytes maintain hematopoietic stem cell microenvironment through inflammatory and immunological responses. The primary objective of this research was to investigate the clinical impact of BM-MK counts in high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome and acute leukemia patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). Three hundred and forty-six patients (median age, 42 (15-71) years; male/female, 207/139) participated in the study. Based on the BM-MK counts on day + 100 of alloHSCT, the study population was classified into normal/high-MK⁺¹⁰⁰ and low-MK⁺¹⁰⁰ groups. The probabilities of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly better in the normal/high-MK⁺¹⁰⁰ group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). Nonrelapse mortality was found to be reduced in the same group of patients (p = 0.012). BM-MK⁺¹⁰⁰ count, which was indicated to be a predictor for relapse after alloHSCT (p = 0.018), represented a considerable impact on PFS and OS (p = 0.017, p = 0.009). Megakaryocytes have regulatory roles in association with a comprehensive cytokine network in the BM microenvironment. Although the localization of MKs may be determinative for their spectrum of efficacy, distinct biological subgroups may also help to clarify the heterogeneity of their functional features. Prospective efforts in larger populations are required to illuminate the potential prognostic role of MKs in alloHSCT recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"18 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demystifying the evaluation of a \"dry tap\".","authors":"Shalini Singh, Erna Ahsan, Gayathri Saravanan, Harish Chandra, Priyavadhana Balasubramanian, Arvind Kumar Gupta, Neha Singh","doi":"10.1007/s12308-025-00635-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-025-00635-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Dry tap\" refers to the failed aspiration of bone marrow hematopoietic elements. Faulty technique is frequently blamed for a dry tap. But, often, the dry tap is associated with an underlying bone marrow pathology. This study aimed to evaluate the causes of dry tap and assess its clinical relevance. This retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology over a period of 1 year, from 1 November 2023 to 31 October 2024. A total of 1327 bone marrow aspirates were reviewed. The definitive diagnosis was established by examining the trephine biopsy. A total of 267 aspirates, for which biopsy was not performed or which had suboptimal biopsies, were excluded from the study. A total of 1060 cases were taken for the final study. We attributed 125 (11.8%) cases that were aparticulate and grossly hemodiluted to a \"dry tap.\" Of these, only 20 (16%) of the dry tap could be attributed to improper or faulty technique because their trephine biopsy was adequate and satisfactory for evaluation. An underlying bone marrow pathology, which could plausibly be the reason for dry tap, was identified in 105 (84%) patients. The most common cause was found to be acute leukemia, accounting for 32.8% of the cases. The laboratories should periodically review the cases yielding a dry tap, and if the corresponding biopsies are adequate, then one must focus on improving the technique of bone marrow aspiration. Moreover, a dry tap should serve as a diagnostic alert rather than a basis for disregard of the operator's technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"18 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mantle cell lymphoma with a prominent intrasinusoidal pattern of bone marrow involvement and circulating \"prolymphocytoid\" cells: an unusual pathological presentation posing diagnostic pitfalls.","authors":"Alireza Ghezavati, Yue Zhao, Jiaqi He, Philip Petersen, Yaping Ju, Imran Siddiqi, Endi Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12308-025-00632-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-025-00632-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"18 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleolated cells in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a case report and discussion of circulating lymphoma cells with prominent nucleoli.","authors":"Beatriz Rocha-Rodrigues, Roberto N Miranda, L Jeffrey Medeiros","doi":"10.1007/s12308-025-00630-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-025-00630-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various types of lymphoma/leukemia can present with leukemic involvement by neoplastic cells with prominent nucleoli. Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) most commonly can present in this fashion but other, less common types include mantle cell lymphoma, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphoma, and splenic B-cell lymphoma/leukemia with prominent nucleoli (SBLPN). The latter is a newly proposed category in the fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification of hematolymphoid neoplasms. This category includes most cases that were previously designated hairy cell leukemia-variant and rare cases of CD5-negative B-prolymphocytic leukemia. A case of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) is reported to highlight the presence of nucleolated lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and bone marrow and their impact on the differential diagnosis, particularly with SBLPN. An 80-year-old woman with a reported history of \"CLL\", diagnosed and treated with clinical remission, developed gastric EMZL which relapsed twice after chemotherapy. At time of last relapse, a peripheral blood smear and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy specimens were evaluated to assess the presence and extent of blood and bone marrow involvement. The pathologic findings and differential diagnosis are discussed. A complete blood count showed a leukocyte count of 7.9 × 10⁹/L and review of the peripheral blood smear showed 32% nucleolated lymphocytes (absolute lymphocyte count, 2.5 × 10⁹/L). Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showed a nodular, interstitial, and focal sinusoidal lymphoid infiltrate with a subset of lymphocytes displaying nucleoli. Flow cytometry immunophenotypic analysis of the bone marrow showed a CD5-negative, monotypic small B-cell population consistent with extranodal MZL. This case illustrates that nucleolated lymphocytes can be observed in the peripheral blood smear of patients with EMZL. These findings expand the differential diagnosis of circulating nucleolated lymphocytes in the blood.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"18 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}