Journal of Hematopathology最新文献

{"title":"Concurrent involvement of the bone marrow by BRAF V600E-mutant melanoma and hairy cell leukemia.","authors":"Margaret Moore, Pranav Patel, Jianguo Tao","doi":"10.1007/s12308-024-00609-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-024-00609-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":" ","pages":"223-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11634908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of the median fluorescence intensity of CD3 and CD4 in mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome versus non-neoplastic control cases in peripheral blood.","authors":"Fei Fei, Nivaz Brar, Melissa Beth Herring, Joshua R Menke, Jean Oak, Sebastian Fernandez-Pol","doi":"10.1007/s12308-024-00599-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-024-00599-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral blood involvement by MF/SS has significant implications for prognosis and treatment. Flow cytometry is commonly used to assess MF/SS by analyzing the ratio of CD26- and/or CD7-CD4 + T cells and assessment of immunophenotypic abnormalities. However, distinguishing normal from abnormal cells is not always easy. In this study, we aimed to establish quantitative thresholds to better distinguish normal CD4 + T cells from neoplastic CD4 + T cells. A retrospective analysis of flow cytometry data was performed on 30 MF/SS patients with a detectable abnormal T cell population (positive), 63 patients with suspected or confirmed cutaneous involvement without a detectable abnormal T cell population (negative), and 60 healthy controls (control). CD3 and CD4 median fluorescence intensity (MFI) was normalized to internal control subsets. Among the positive cases, 50% had CD3 expression outside ± 2 SD from the mean of the negative and control group in the CD4 + CD26- subset. The corresponding specificity of this threshold was 94%. The ± 2 SD threshold showed a sensitivity of 57% and a specificity of 94% for the CD3 intensity among the CD7-negative subset. For CD4 intensity, the ± 2 SD threshold had a sensitivity of 33.3% and specificity of 95% for the CD26-negative subset and a sensitivity of 37% and specificity of 95% for the CD7-negative subset. In our study, although changes in CD3 and CD4 intensity greater than ± 2 SD were specific for MF/SS, more subtle differences in the intensity of CD3 and CD4 should not be used as the sole abnormality to make a diagnosis of circulating MF/SS.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":" ","pages":"191-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perifollicular concentric granulomas: A clue to IgG4-related lymphadenopathy.","authors":"Joanna L Conant, Sean S M Bullis, Clayton Wilburn","doi":"10.1007/s12308-024-00615-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-024-00615-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 69-year-old with well-controlled HIV was evaluated for persistent cough, in the context of years of fatigue and influenza A infection 6 months prior. Chest CT and PET scans were notable for adenopathy concerning for a lymphoproliferative disorder. Radiologic studies also showed diffuse FDG uptake in the prostate, consistent with prostatitis. Axillary lymph node biopsy showed follicular and paracortical hyperplasia, and few germinal centers showed perifollicular non-necrotizing granulomas. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated a predominance of IgG4 positive plasma cells. Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and immunosubtraction showed a board-domed peak pattern suggestive of possible monoclonality. Serum IgG4 levels were elevated, and the patient was diagnosed with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). This case highlights morphologic and SPEP patterns that can aid in supporting a diagnosis of IgG4-RD.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":" ","pages":"227-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma with NPM1::TYK2 rearrangement.","authors":"Mckinzie Johnson, Nicholas Willard, Zenggang Pan","doi":"10.1007/s12308-024-00604-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-024-00604-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with most cases harboring ALK gene rearrangement (ALK + ALCL); however, 20-50% of ALCLs do not have the rearrangement (ALK- ALCL) but exhibit distinct genetic alterations. In this report, we present an unusual case of systemic ALK- ALCL with NPM1::TYK2 fusion. Diagnosis of this case was challenging prior to the NGS findings. A comprehensive panel of immunohistochemical and in-situ hybridization studies was conducted. FISH assays were utilized to target the rearrangements of DUSP22 and TP63 genes. Moreover, next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays were performed to detect clonal rearrangements of IGH and TRG genes, somatic mutations, and potential fusions. The lymphoma cells in this case are negative for all hematolymphoid markers stained, except for CD30 expression and focal and weak CD43 expression. However, NGS studies detected clonal TRG rearrangement and NPM1::TYK2 rearrangement, which aid in the diagnosis of ALK- ALCL. NPM1::TYK2 rearrangement is a rare genetic alteration that has been reported in rare cases of primary cutaneous ALCL, mycosis fungoides, and lymphomatoid papulosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported instance of such rearrangement in systemic ALK- ALCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":" ","pages":"265-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms following curative treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: incidence, correlation with therapeutic regimen, and future directions","authors":"Adil Menon, Madina Sukhanova, Juehua Gao, Kristy Wolniak, Lucy Fu, Yi-Hua Chen, Qing Ching Chen, Hamza Tariq","doi":"10.1007/s12308-024-00606-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-024-00606-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) have revolutionized the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), offering a cure rate of &gt; 80%. Along with improved survival, the long-term consequences of anti-APL therapy are becoming increasingly apparent, including potential therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs). T-MNs are well known to arise after cytotoxic chemotherapy, but the leukemogenic potential of regimens utilizing only ATRA/ATO is not well established. The objective of this study is to examine the incidence, long-term risk, and clinicopathologic features of t-MNs arising after anti-APL therapy and how they correlates with the therapeutic regimen employed. We retrospectively collected treated APL patients between 01/2001 and 02/2021, categorized them into ATRA/ATO + chemo and ATRA/ATO groups based on the regimen used, and evaluated for the development of t-MN. A total of 110 APL patients were identified, including 67 (61%) treated with ATRA/ATO + chemo and 43 (39%) treated with ATRA/ATO only. Overall, 4/110 (3.6%) patients developed t-MNs, with all four emerging in the ATRA/ATO + chemo group. Ultimately, the incidence of t-MN in ATRA/ATO + chemo group was significantly higher compared with ATRA/ATO only group(5.97% vs. 0.0%, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.0289). Our data spanning over two decades suggests that conventional chemotherapy for APL is associated with a small but significant risk of t-MN, whereas ATR/ATO does not carry this risk. This takes on new significance, considering several recent and ongoing trials have shown that a chemotherapy-free approach might become feasible for all risk APL types in the near future. Consequently, the omission of leukemogenic and arguably unnecessary chemotherapy from APL regimens may reduce the incidence of t-MNs in long-term survivors without sacrificing their cure rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment for acceleration and transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma using histologic and immunohistochemical features: a case series.","authors":"Margaret E Moore, Nadine S Aguilera, Ifeyinwa Obiorah, Eli Williams, Elizabeth Courville","doi":"10.1007/s12308-024-00598-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-024-00598-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morphologic features of aggressive/ \"accelerated\" chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (aCLL/SLL) have been described. Richter transformation (RT) also occurs in a subset of CLL/SLL cases. This case series examined inter-observer variability when assessing for aCLL/SLL and RT, with attention to how immunohistochemical (IHC) markers may assist in this evaluation. Twelve cases of CLL/SLL with available FFPE tissue were identified. H&E staining and IHC (CD3, CD20, CD5, CD23, LEF1, LAG3, C-MYC, PD-1, MUM1, Cyclin D1, BCL-6, p53, and Ki-67) were performed. Three hematopathologists reviewed each case. The pathologists provided a final interpretation of (1) CLL/SLL, (2) CLL/SLL with expanded and/or confluent proliferation centers or increased Ki-67 (aCLL/SLL), or (3) large cell transformation/DLBCL. The pathologists lacked consensus in the diagnosis in 6/12 cases (50%). The reviewers disagreed on the presence of expanded/confluent proliferation centers in 8/12 cases (67%). With the exception of Ki-67, no IHC marker showed a difference in the staining profile in aCLL/SLL or RT compared to low-grade cases. This series showed inter-observer variability in the evaluation for aCLL/SLL and RT. A study that serially examines genetic alterations in FFPE tissue and correlates the features with histology and IHC, at diagnosis and throughout the disease course, may help refine indicators of aggressive disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":" ","pages":"139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11324784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of a rare case of high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC, BCL2, BCL6, and CCND1 rearrangements.","authors":"Fnu Monika, Ahmed Sabri, David Cantu, Eric Vail, Andrew Siref","doi":"10.1007/s12308-024-00593-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-024-00593-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quadruple-hit lymphomas are extremely rare non-Hodgkin lymphomas with a reported dismal prognosis in the few reported cases. A \"quadruple hit\" has been defined by the presence of concurrent MYC, BCL2, BCL6, and CCND1 chromosomal rearrangements. We report a new case of a quadruple hit lymphoma in a 73-year-old Hispanic man who presented with an enlarging left-sided neck mass. Computed tomography showed a 1.9-cm mass in left the tonsil with bulky cervical lymphadenopathy. The presence of all four chromosomal rearrangements can reportedly occur with disease progression in both diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and mantle cell lymphomas. Further characterization of the tumor by next-generation sequencing may be of benefit to delineate between these two possibilities. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and next-generation sequencing were used to confirm and classify the diagnosis. Histologic sections of the cervical lymph node demonstrated an atypical lymphoid infiltrate with large and pleomorphic cells, which were positive for CD20, CD10, BCL1 (Cyclin D1), BCL2, BCL6, and cMYC and negative for CD5 and SOX11 on immunohistochemistry with a Ki-67 proliferative index of 70%. FISH demonstrated MYC, BCL2, BCL6, and CCND1 rearrangements and the diagnosis of high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC, BCL2, BCL6, and CCND1 was rendered. Our patient was treated with dose adjusted etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, prednisone, and rituximab chemotherapy and has been in remission for 20 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":" ","pages":"155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11324669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of targeted ribonucleic acid (RNA)-sequencing assay in the diagnostic evaluation of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).","authors":"Ke Xu, Shweta Gupta, Eleanor Kaffo, Robert Baker, Elisabeth Nacheva, Jenny O'Nions, Andrew J Wilson, Rajeev Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s12308-024-00594-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-024-00594-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":" ","pages":"167-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-based computational H&E staining in lymphomas.","authors":"Laura M Wake, Rima Koka, Michael E Kallen","doi":"10.1007/s12308-024-00590-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-024-00590-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":" ","pages":"175-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious mononucleosis complicated by transitory Epstein-Barr virus infection of T and natural killer cells.","authors":"Yanlin Zhang, JianLan Xie, Yuanyuan Zheng, XiaoGe Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s12308-024-00595-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12308-024-00595-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) typically infects B cells in infectious mononucleosis (IM), but a rare case shows EBV infection in T cells. Seven cases of lymphoproliferative disorder caused by EBV-positive cytotoxic T/natural killer (NK) cell proliferation in the lymph nodes, termed IM with transient EBV infection of T and NK cells (EBV + T/NK cells in IM), are reported here. The purpose of the study is to describe clinicopathological features of EBV + T/natural killer (NK) cells in IM of the lymph node. We retrospectively analysed seven cases of Chinese children and young people adults with EBV + T/NK cells in IM. We used morphological observation, immunohistochemical staining, EB virus in situ hybridisation detection, and analysis of T-cell receptor gene rearrangement. The patients were healthy prior to illness, experiencing sudden onset occurring in all the patients, with high fever as the first symptom, followed by lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Diagnosis occurred < 1.5 months of symptom onset. Most lymphocytes in lesions expressed CD3 and Granzyme B or TIA-1 and lacked CD5. CD56 was expressed in numerous cells in 5 of the 7 cases. EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) was detected in medium-to-large-sized cells (50-100 cells per cell/high-power field). T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement was seen in six cases, with monoclonal rearrangement in four cases. Treatment was conservative treatment but not chemotherapy. Four received anti-HLH therapy and others anti-inflammatory treatment. All patients survived with relapse after long-term clinical observation and follow-up. EBV + T/NK cells in IM can elicit malignant features that mimic T/NK-cell lymphoma pathologically and benign features mimicking IM clinically. These findings indicate that EBV + T/NK cells in IM could serve as valuable diagnosis. Additional clinical information, including age of onset (children and young people), nature of onset (sudden), disease course (short), symptoms (systemic), EBV infection status (acute), and lymph node involvement, is crucial for accurate diagnosis and prognostic evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51320,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hematopathology","volume":" ","pages":"129-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11324775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}