Applied Neuropsychology-Adult最新文献

{"title":"Undetected language deficits in left or right hemisphere post-stroke patients.","authors":"Maria Martzoukou, Anastasia Nousia, Grigorios Nasios","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2195111","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2195111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have reported that widely used tests for aphasia identification are unable to detect the subtle language deficits of left hemisphere brain damaged (LHBD) individuals. Similarly, the language disorders of individuals with right hemisphere brain damage (RHBD) usually remain undetected, due to the lack of any specialized test for the evaluation of their language processing skills. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the language deficits of 80 individuals suffering from the effects of either a LHBD or RHBD stroke, who were diagnosed as having no aphasia or language deficits based on the application of Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. Their language abilities were examined with the use of the Adults' Language Abilities Test, which explores morpho-syntactic and semantic phenomena of the Greek language in both the comprehension and production modalities. Results revealed that both groups of stroke survivors performed significantly worse compared to the group of healthy participants. Thus, it appears that the latent aphasia of LHBD and the language deficits of RHBD patients are likely to remain undetected and that patients are at risk of not receiving appropriate treatment if their language abilities are not evaluated by an effective and efficient battery of language tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"606-614"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9220043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring relationships between executive functions and maladaptive cyclical patterns in a transdiagnostic sample.","authors":"Bruno Faustino, Isabel Barahona Fonseca","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2204526","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2204526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Executive functions are described as a set of neurocognitive processes underlying human mental processing, while maladaptive cyclical patterns are the dysfunctional psychological elements associated with psychological distress and symptomatology that tend to be recurrent. Both psychological constructs tend to be studied by different scientific fields and with different methods which limits a coherent theoretical integration. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the relationships between executive functions and maladaptive cyclical patterns. A sample was gathered (<i>N</i> = 96, Mage = 20.78, SD = 4.63), and completed several self-report questionnaires along with several neuropsychological tests for the assessment of executive functions. Results showed that behavioral inhibition correlated negatively with maladaptive cyclical patterns while cognitive inflexibility correlated positively. Regression analysis showed that behavioral inhibition, psychological inflexibility, and recurring states of mind predicted emotional processing difficulties. These results emphasize previous assumptions that a difference between self-report questionnaires and behavioral tasks may limit the integrated study of psychological and neurocognitive processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"675-683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9462885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative data for COGITAB: An Italian tablet-based test battery conceived for the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Daniela Beltrami, Caterina Barletta-Rodolfi, Flavio Bertini, Luca Braglia, Laura Calzà, Massimo Corbo, Federico Gasparini, Alessandro Marti, Danilo Montesi, Marta Pisano, Maria Luisa Rusconi, Matteo Sozzi, Cecilia Tonon, Enrico Ghidoni","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2219797","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2219797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of people with dementia is increasing worldwide. Two main approaches have been adopted to identify subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD): the neuropsychological evaluation and the identification of biomarkers of AD. The first method is less invasive and easier to perform. This study assesses the psychometric properties of COGITAB, a novel web application d esigned to be sensitive to the subtle cognitive changes distinctive of the early Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and the preclinical phase of AD. We enrolled 518 healthy controls, classified according to several risk factors and the presence of a family history of dementia. The participants were given COGITAB after a neuropsychological screening. The COGITAB Total Score (TS) was significantly affected by age and years of education. Acquired risk factors and family history of dementia significantly impacted only the COGITAB total execution time (TET), not the TS. This study provides normative data for a newly developed web application. Control subjects with acquired risk factors performed slower, giving an important role to the TET recording. Further studies should examine the ability of this new technology to discriminate between healthy subjects and subjects with initial cognitive decline, even when not detected by standard neuropsychological assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"664-674"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9584147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Questionable utility of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in detecting cognitive impairment in individuals with comorbid PTSD and SUD.","authors":"Lindsay A Kutash, MacKenzie A Sayer, Marielle R Samii, Emily P Rabinowitz, Alec Boros, Tammy Jensen, Philip Allen, Monica Garcia, Douglas L Delahanty","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2219003","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2219003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is frequently comorbid with substance use disorder (SUD) in individuals seeking treatment for substance use. Further, SUD and PTSD are individually associated with cognitive impairment (CI) and poor treatment outcomes. Despite the frequent use of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a screening tool for CI, the validity of the MoCA has not been established in individuals with comorbid SUD-PTSD. We assessed the criterion validity of the MoCA in 128 participants seeking inpatient medically-assisted detoxification using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) as a reference for CI. The correlation between the RBANS and MoCA was weaker in those with SUD-PTSD (<i>r</i> = .32) relative to SUD alone (<i>r</i> = .56). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated that the MoCA had moderate-to-high ability to discriminate CI in individuals with SUD alone, with an area under the ROC curve of .82 (95% CI .69-.92) and optimal cutoff score of ≤23. However, in individuals with comorbid SUD-PTSD, the ROC analysis was not significant. Results suggest that PTSD, when comorbid with SUD, reduces the criterion-related validity of the MoCA. We recommend exercising caution when classifying CI in individuals with SUD-PTSD using the MoCA and suggest reducing the cutoff score to ≤23 in order to limit the rate of false-positive CI diagnoses in SUD-PTSD populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"857-868"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9929537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple method to evaluate the pentagon copy test of the Mini-Mental State Examination for the differentiation of dementia with Lewy bodies.","authors":"Norio Murayama, Yuko Masubuchi, Ayano Kimura, Kayoko Uchiyama, Mayumi Yamagata, Kazumi Ota, Eizo Iseki","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2200948","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2200948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are many commonalities between the clinical symptoms of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and those of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The accurate differentiation of these two diseases is an important neuropsychological issue. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is often used as a screening test for dementing disorders. We created evaluation items for the pentagon copy test of MMSE and developed a simple, highly accurate evaluation method for differentiating DLB in combination with conventional evaluation items such as the Qualitative Scoring MMSE Pentagon Test (QSPT). Subjects were divided into three groups: DLB (n = 119), AD (n = 50), and Normal (n = 26). The severities of DLB and AD ranged from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to mild dementia. We compared the results of the pentagon copy test. We found that the rates of patients with abnormalities in \"motor incoordination\" and \"gestalt destruction\" were higher in the DLB group than the AD group. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested the differentiation of DLB with high accuracy (sensitivity: 0.70, specificity: 0.78) using the criterion of patients meeting one of the following three characteristics: \"the number of angles on QSPT: scores other than 4,\" \"major tremor (Parkinsonism-related tremor) is present,\" and \"gestalt destruction (distortion in overall coherence) is present.\" This evaluation method may be clinically useful for evaluating MCI to mild DLB patients because the burden on patients is low.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"639-645"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9659224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of visual and motor skills on ideational apraxia and transcortical sensory aphasia.","authors":"Fazlallah Afshangian, Jack Wellington, Radnoosh Pashmoforoosh, Mohammad Taghi Farzadfard, Narges Khatoon Noori, Abbas Rahimi Jaberi, Vahid Reza Ostovan, Ahmad Soltani, Hosein Safari, Amin Abolhasani Foroughi, Mehmet Resid Onen, Nicola Montemurro, Bipin Chaurasia, Erol Akgul, Tomas Freddi, Abdulkadir Ermis, Hamed Amirifard, Saiyed Amir Hasan Habibi, Motahereh Manzarinezad, Ismail Bozkurt, Kaan Yagmurlu, Ehsan Baradran Sirjani, Aurel Popa Wagner","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2204527","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2204527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with extensive left hemisphere damage frequently have ideational apraxia (IA) and transcortical sensory aphasia (TSA). Difficulty with action coordination, phonological processing, and complex motor planning may not be indicative of higher-order motor programming or higher-order complex formation. We report on the effects of IA and TSA on the visual and motor skill of stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study aims to address the question of whether IA and TSA in bilingual individuals are the results of an error of motor function alone or due to a combined motor plus and cognitive dysfunction effect.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twelve bilingual patients (seven males, and five females) were diagnosed with IA and TSA, and are divided into two groups of six patients. Then, 12 healthy bilingual controls were evaluated for comparing with both groups. Bilingual aphasia testing (BAT) and appropriate behavioral evaluation were used to assess motor skills, including coordination, visual-motor testing, and phonological processing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings (pointing skills) show that the performance of the L1 and L2 languages are consistently significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in healthy individuals compared to the IA and TSA groups. Command skills for L1 and L2 languages were significantly higher in healthy individuals compared to IA and TSA controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Further, the orthographic skills of IA and TSA vs controls in both groups were significantly reduced (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Visual skills in the L1 language were significantly improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in IA and TSA patients compared to healthy controls after 2 months. Unlike orthographic skills which were improved in IA and TSA patients, languages in bilingual patients did not simultaneously improve.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dyspraxia is a condition that affects both motor and visual cognitive functions, and patients who have it often have less referred motor skills. The current dataset shows that accurate visual cognition requires both cognitive-linguistic and sensory-motor processes. Motor issues should be highlighted, and skills and functionality should be reinforced along with the significance of treatment between IA and TSA corresponding to age and education. This can be a good indicator for treating semantic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"684-694"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9492435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected Wechsler Memory Scale norms and aging: Implications for assessment.","authors":"Phillip Lynn Kent","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2222426","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2222426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Wechsler Memory Scale-I was published in 1945, although it had been used clinically since 1940. Since the original publication, there have been three major revisions. The Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised was published in 1987, the Wechsler Memory Scale-III in 1997, and the Wechsler Memory Scale-IV in 2009. It is significant to note that all official versions of the memory scale have remained in clinical and research use well into the second decade of the 20th century. Each version of the scale was designed to assess memory and attention dysfunction in various clinical populations by comparing the discrepancy between intelligence and memory test performance using age-corrected standard scores. It has long been known that intellectual and memory performance declines with age. Most psychologists, however, are likely unaware of the extent of the decline with age or how this decline is manifested in the various versions of the Wechsler Memory Scale. The purpose of this paper is to investigate what selected norms accompanying each official version of the Wechsler Memory Scale reveal about aging and memory performance and discuss the possible clinical implications of such.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"799-810"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10019475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of cognition impairment in patients after stroke based on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised in China.","authors":"Wenlong Su, Haitao Lu, Qiaodan Li, Zhiqing Tang, Hui Dang, Kaiyue Han, Hui Li, Ying Liu, Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2205023","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2205023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to explore the cognitive characteristics of patients with post-stroke cognition impairment (PSCI) on the basis of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised in China (WAIS-RC) and the individual contribution of the subtests to WAIS score. We included 227 patients with PSCI who were assessed using the WAIS-RC. We described the characteristics and score distribution of the scale and subtests individually and compared them with those of the normal group to measure the damage degree of these patients. We performed item response theory analysis to explore the best criterion score for all dimensions that allowed ideal discrimination and difficulty for reflecting cognitive level. Finally, we analyzed the contribution of each dimension to the overall cognitive function. Patients with PSCI showed worse cognition levels than healthy individuals in terms of overall intelligence quotient (73.26-100, -1.78 SD), with a difference of 4.54-7.96 points in each dimension (-0.68 to -1.82 SD), and a range of 5-7 points is the appropriate range for reflecting cognitive ability in patients with PSCI. The average cognitive level of patients with PSCI was significantly inferior to normal people (-1.78 SD, 96.25%). <i>Vocabulary</i> contributes most to WAIS score.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"695-702"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9410861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age effects on Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition (WMS-IV) indexes and subtests.","authors":"Joseph J Ryan, Samuel T Gontkovsky","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2217461","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2217461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined age effects in the standardization samples of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition (WMS-IV) and compared these, where appropriate, to the norms of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Third Edition (WMS-III). On the Adult (16-69 years) and Older Adult (65-90 years) batteries of the WMS-IV, the most pronounced declines were on the Visual Memory Indexes starting in the 35-44 years cohort. The Auditory Memory Indexes showed the least deterioration, which did not commence until the 85-90 years age range. Subtest scores for the Adult Battery indicated that Logical Memory I was unchanged from 16 to 69 years. Likewise, only one scaled score point decline was evidenced on Logical Memory II. Conversely, WMS-III Logical Memory I performance showed a one scaled score point decline in the 18-19 years age band and progressed to moderate (i.e., 4 scaled score points) and large (i.e., ≥6 scaled score points) reductions by the 65-69 and ≥80 years cohorts. Logical Memory II showed even greater age-related deterioration. Age decline data at each age cohort are provided for all subtests and indexes from the Adult and Older Adult batteries as well as for the WMS-III subtests in common with the WMS-IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"829-835"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9561676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between learning principles of cognitive remediation and cognitive and vocational outcomes in early psychosis-an exploratory analysis of RCT data.","authors":"Daniëlle van Duin, Lars de Winter, Hans Kroon, Wim Veling, Jaap van Weeghel","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2199935","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2199935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most cognitive remediation (CR) programs are based on multiple scientific learning principles. The role of those learning principles in the beneficial effects of CR is poorly understood. A better understanding of such underlying mechanisms is important to further tailor the intervention and to learn about optimal contexts.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An explorative secondary analysis was conducted of data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effects of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) with and without CR. The present study evaluated how CR learning principles of \"massed practice,\" \"errorless learning,\" \"strategy use\" and \"therapist contribution\" (therapist fidelity) were associated with cognitive and vocational outcomes within 26 participants in this RCT who were treatment exposed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cognitive gains after CR were positively associated with \"massed practice\" and \"errorless learning.\" Negative associations were found with \"strategy use\" and \"therapist fidelity.\" No direct relationship was found between CR principles and vocational outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results tentatively suggest that CR is most effective and efficient with a good balance between sufficient intensity, of more than 200 tasks, and a limited duration of the training up to 20 h, using tasks that remain both challenging and rewarding, being applied in a context that facilitates real-life practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"628-638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9806995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}