Plant Reproduction最新文献

{"title":"Low-temperature stress modulates pollen tube growth through temperature-dependent multi-level regulatory mechanisms in Camellia sinensis.","authors":"Sena Acar, Aslıhan Çetinbaş-Genç","doi":"10.1007/s00497-026-00539-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-026-00539-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low temperature is a major environmental stress factor that limits male reproductive success in plants; however, the mechanistic basis of pollen responses to different degrees of low temperature stress remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the cytological, biochemical, and molecular responses of tea (Camellia sinensis) pollen grains to low-temperature stress by germinating pollen in vitro at 15, 10, and 5 °C. Although pollen germination rate and pollen tube length were reduced under all low-temperature treatments compared with the control, the underlying regulatory responses differed significantly with the severity of low-temperature stress. At 15 °C, decreases in non-enzymatic antioxidants and stress-related proteins indicated an overall metabolic weakening, while the concomitant accumulation of callose, cellulose, and methyl-esterified pectins reflected an early structural adjustment of the pollen tube cell wall. At 10 °C, the increasing stress load was partially counterbalanced by the induction of enzymatic antioxidant activities, and continued cell wall reinforcement identified this temperature as a transitional state between metabolic limitation and coordinated defense activation. In contrast, exposure to 5 °C resulted in pronounced metabolic suppression, together with a shift of stress-related proteins toward membrane fractions and enhanced deposition of callose, cellulose, and particularly de-esterified acidic pectins, leading to increased cell wall rigidity and mechanical restriction of pollen tube elongation. Overall, this study demonstrates that low-temperature stress constrains pollen tube growth not through a single limiting factor but via a temperature-dependent reorganization of interconnected cytological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":51297,"journal":{"name":"Plant Reproduction","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the pollen dilemma: a case of heteranthery driven by pollinator attraction in Mamedea pulchella (Malpighiaceae), an oil-rewarding species.","authors":"Marina Gotelli, Florencia Verón Schöenfeld, Juan Ignacio Agüero, Juan Pablo Torretta, Sandra Aliscioni","doi":"10.1007/s00497-026-00536-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-026-00536-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heteranthery is widespread among angiosperms and is classically linked to nectarless flowers that offer pollen as a reward, where the division of labour in the androecium helps to decrease the consumption of viable pollen grains. However, heteranthery also occurs in lineages with non-pollen-rewarding flowers. This is the case of some neotropical species of Malpighiaceae, which depend on oil-collecting bees for pollination, and offer floral oils. This study analyzes the androecium of Mamedea pulchella to assess the presence of division of labour and whether such specialization functions primarily in pollinator attraction rather than pollen economy. Anther traits from flowers of different populations were measured and analyzed statistically, complemented by anatomical and histochemical studies. Fertile stamens show significantly bigger anther area while sterile stamens bear antherodes with a significantly larger glandular connective. Occasional abortive anthers in usually fertile stamens and fertile anthers in usually sterile stamens were observed. Histochemical reactions indicate that connective glands secrete mainly terpenes. Differences between anthers and antherodes are consistent across populations, suggesting that heteranthery is a stable condition in M. pulchella, with a clear division of labour: anthers of large stamens supply pollen for fertilization whereas antherodes of smaller stamens act as osmophores, emitting scents that attract and guide oil-collecting bees to the elaiophores. This case highlights a potential alternative role for heteranthery in oil-rewarding flowers, where stamen specialization may contribute to pollinator attraction rather than solely mitigating the \"pollen dilemma\", suggesting that heteranthery can evolve through multiple functional pathways in pollination systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":51297,"journal":{"name":"Plant Reproduction","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single and multiple buds form characteristics in Amorphophallus muelleri.","authors":"YaXin Liu, ZeMei Li, JinDi He, WenHan Li, YuQi Xie, SiYi Ge, RuiJia Wang, XueWei Wu","doi":"10.1007/s00497-026-00535-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00497-026-00535-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51297,"journal":{"name":"Plant Reproduction","volume":"39 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A staging framework to study rice female gametophyte development.","authors":"Taehoon Kim, Divya Rana, Isabel Ocampo-Quiceno, Kevin Begcy","doi":"10.1007/s00497-025-00534-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00497-025-00534-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Female gametophyte (FG) development is essential for plant reproduction since it is necessary for pollen tube guidance, fertilization, and maternal control of seed development. FG development entails dynamic cellular and developmental changes including multiple cell divisions and cell differentiations with biologically distinct roles in fertilization, a critical process for grain yield in cereal crops. Rice (Oryza sativa) is a model monocotyledonous plant with invaluable relevance for food security as it is one of the most important staple food crops. Therefore, to study rice FG development, a robust and precise staging method is required to explore the molecular dynamics of this important organ. Here, we provide a pistil length-based staging framework for defining developmental stages in rice ovules. We systematically analyzed FG developmental progress using several reproductive morphological parameters. Six unique developmental stages that are morphologically distinguishable and encompass the entirety of FG development were identified. Using transcriptional expression of developmental marker genes that are temporally regulated during FG development we validated this staging method. Our method provides a systematic and accurate staging framework that could be used to explore temporally and developmentally dynamic molecular events during FG development, including transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51297,"journal":{"name":"Plant Reproduction","volume":"39 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145967710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the gaps: advanced techniques to unlock lipid function in plant reproductive development.","authors":"Ze-Hua Guo, Mee-Len Chye","doi":"10.1007/s00497-025-00532-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00497-025-00532-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In plant cells, lipids serve various roles facilitating membrane bilayer formation, energy storage and signaling molecules. Acyl lipids are the most common in distinct plant cell compartments. Lipids regulated by key genes encoding fatty acid desaturases, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase and acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs) are deemed crucial during floral development. ACBPs, along with long-chain acyl-CoA synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, acyl-acyl carrier protein desaturases, acyl-ACP thioesterases and the ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily A, contribute to fatty acid (FA) production, lipid transport and seed oil accumulation, making them bioengineering targets. To investigate lipid function, it is important to use appropriate analytical strategies because different lipid classes contain distinct FA patterns. These well-developed techniques include advanced lipidomic studies using multi-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, lipid-binding assays and x-ray crystallography. As these techniques continue to evolve, further updates on lipid function are expected to rapidly materialize.</p>","PeriodicalId":51297,"journal":{"name":"Plant Reproduction","volume":"38 4","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12602607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145482463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanosensitive ion channel MSL8 is required for oscillatory growth and cell wall dynamics in Arabidopsis pollen tubes.","authors":"Joshua H Coomey, Elizabeth S Haswell","doi":"10.1007/s00497-025-00530-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00497-025-00530-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The male gametophyte in flowering plants, pollen, both performs the critical role of fertilization and represents a unique and accessible system for interrogating plant cell mechanics. A key component in this robust mechanical system is MscS-Like 8 (MSL8), a mechanosensitive ion channel. We previously proposed that MSL8 serves as an \"osmotic safety valve\", regulating pressure in the germinating pollen tube by releasing anions in response to plasma membrane tension. However, we subsequently identified defects in the cell walls of msl8 mutant pollen that suggested a role independent of osmoregulation. Here, we show that pollen tubes lacking MSL8 channel function by genetic knockout or channel-blocking point mutation lose major growth pauses, have altered pectin esterification patterns, and are sensitive to pectin crosslinking. Together, these data suggest a mechanism whereby anion efflux through mechanosensitive channels regulates cell wall composition and growth dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":51297,"journal":{"name":"Plant Reproduction","volume":"38 4","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145439573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormones and plant reproduction.","authors":"Nayelli Marsch-Martinez, Lars Østergaard, Paula McSteen, Dolf Weijers","doi":"10.1007/s00497-025-00533-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00497-025-00533-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51297,"journal":{"name":"Plant Reproduction","volume":"38 4","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal hypophyseal and suspensor divisions in Arabidopsis dcl1 embryos are not attributable to a single miR156-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) gene, but likely involve redundant genetic pathways and/or modulation by genetic background.","authors":"Andrea Tovar-Aguilar, Jianfei Zhao, Scott Poethig, Stewart Gillmor","doi":"10.1007/s00497-025-00531-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00497-025-00531-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Loss of SPL10 and SPL11 increases penetrance of abnormal phenotypes in dcl1 embryos. The first division of the Arabidopsis zygote is asymmetric, resulting in an apical cell lineage that generates most of the embryo proper, and a basal cell lineage that produces the root meristem and the extraembryonic suspensor. Loss of function mutations in the microRNA processing enzyme genes DICER-LIKE 1 (DCL1) and SERRATE (SE) show cell division defects in the embryo proper, hypophyseal cell, and suspensor. Previous transcriptome analyses showed that the microRNA156-targeted transcription factor genes SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE2 (SPL2), SPL3 and SPL11 were upregulated in both globular stage dcl1 and se embryos, while SPL10 was upregulated in dcl1. It was previously proposed that upregulation of SPL10 and SPL11 could explain some abnormal phenotypes in dcl1 embryos. In this work, we used T-DNA and CRISPR-Cas9-induced loss of function alleles to further explore the function of SPL2, SPL3, SPL10 and SPL11 in early embryogenesis and their contribution to the dcl1 phenotype. On their own, spl2, spl3, spl10, and spl11 single mutants and an spl10 spl11 double mutant showed no abnormal cell divisions in early embryogenesis. In the dcl1/+ background, loss of function of SPL2 or SPL3 did not change the proportion of cell division defects in hypophyseal cells or suspensors observed in dcl1/+. Loss of spl10 or spl11 in dcl1/+ resulted in a slight decrease or increase (respectively) in the penetrance of abnormal suspensor divisions in heart stage embryos, while the spl10 spl11 double mutant caused a small increase in the penetrance of abnormal hypophyseal divisions in dcl1 embryos. The differences between our results and previous studies are likely due to genetic redundancy of miR156-targeted SPL genes, variable environmental conditions or the effect of genetic background on the penetrance of the dcl1 phenotype. In the future, analysis of higher order mutations in SPL and MIR156 genes will help to better understand the role of these important developmental regulators in early embryo development.</p>","PeriodicalId":51297,"journal":{"name":"Plant Reproduction","volume":"38 4","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12507998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meiotic cytokinesis defects in cultured Arabidopsis flowers induce diploid microspores.","authors":"Huiqi Fu, Yuting Chen, Xueying Cui, Huishan He, Jingru Wang, Chong Wang, Ziming Ren, Bing Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00497-025-00529-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00497-025-00529-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Cultured Arabidopsis flowers inmedium produce diploid microspores due to occurrence of defective meiotic cytokinesis, which can be partially rescued by anexogenous application of sucrose. Live-imaging microscopy technology has been increasingly applied for meiosis study in plants, which largely relies on the set up of a healthy ex vivo culture system for inflorescences ensuring that the captured chromosomes dynamics approaches the natural features of meiosis. Here, we report that Arabidopsis thaliana flowers cultivated in a culture medium (CCM) composed of the half-strength Murashige and Skoog basal salt, MES, Myo-inositol, sucrose and agar produce diploid microspores due to occurrence of meiotic restitution. Cytological studies revealed adjacent nuclei distribution and incomplete cytokinesis at late meiosis II in meiocytes within the CCM flowers. Immunolocalization of α-tubulin and the microtubule-associated protein MAP65-3 showed that the orientation of spindles at metaphase II and the organization of radial microtubule arrays at the tetrad stage are interfered, which explains the production of meiotically-restituted microspores. Moreover, the CCM flowers showed a gradually impaired expression of Aborted Microspores (AMS), a key transcription factor regulating tapetum development and meiotic cytokinesis. Interestingly, an increased supply of sucrose or its metabolite fructose in culture medium promoted the expression of AMS and partially rescued haploid microspore formation in the CCM flowers. Taken together, this study suggests a role of sucrose in facilitating meiotic cytokinesis and gametophytic ploidy stability in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":51297,"journal":{"name":"Plant Reproduction","volume":"38 4","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial organization and trafficking dynamics of ANX/BUPS-RALF-LLG signaling complexes during pollen tube growth.","authors":"Patricia L Seitz, Li-Jia Qu, Thomas Dresselhaus, Liang-Zi Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s00497-025-00528-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00497-025-00528-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51297,"journal":{"name":"Plant Reproduction","volume":"38 3","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12394273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}