Miriam Gieselmann, Josephine Hagedorn, K. Sassenberg
{"title":"Do Perceived Benefits Compensate for Low Provider Trustworthiness in Disclosure Decisions?","authors":"Miriam Gieselmann, Josephine Hagedorn, K. Sassenberg","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000440","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: People regularly receive algorithm-based recommendations (e.g., in social media and online shopping). Today, such algorithmic recommendations cover a wider range of applications, such as finding recipes that match an individual’s needs and food preferences. To give better-fitting recommendations, algorithms incorporate large amounts of personal information about the individual, which raises the issue of privacy concerns. When are people willing to share such information that can then be considered by algorithms? While previous research has indicated that perceived benefits of platform use and provider trustworthiness influence whether people are willing to disclose personal information, these studies often have two major limitations: they are either survey-based – thus, not allowing causal conclusions – or lack realistic usage (i.e., rely on vignettes). Thus, in the present experimental study ( N = 329), we manipulated provider trustworthiness and asked participants about their willingness to disclose information directly after interacting with an algorithm-based system for recipe recommendations. Results indicate that higher perceived benefits and provider trustworthiness are related to more willingness to disclose information. However, these effects are independent of each other. Thus, the present research suggests that provider trustworthiness causally leads to a higher willingness to share information and high benefits do not compensate for low provider trustworthiness.","PeriodicalId":512966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Psychology","volume":"38 04","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"I Play Online Games Because I Believe in a Just Virtual World","authors":"Dongwoo Ko, Jihye Park","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000438","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Understanding the impact of societal perceptions on online gaming is crucial, given the online gaming industry’s remarkable growth and the blurring lines between online and offline market environments. This study aims to explore how perceptions of inequality in the world, viewed through the lens of belief in a just world, affect game consumption and to understand the mediating effect of mindset. The results of two experiments provide adequate evidence that as people’s belief in the existence of a fair world decreases, their inclination to play online games increases. Additionally, this trend intensifies when gamers possess a growth mindset, and life satisfaction shows a moderated mediating effect on the relationship. The results of this study will offer valuable insights to understand the connection between the online and offline worlds.","PeriodicalId":512966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Psychology","volume":"113 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yicheng Zhu, Jing Xu, Rukun Zhang, Duo Lan, Yulou Jiang
{"title":"Prior Attitude, Individualism and Perceived Scientists’ Expertise","authors":"Yicheng Zhu, Jing Xu, Rukun Zhang, Duo Lan, Yulou Jiang","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000437","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: On Chinese social media, the stigmatization of homosexuals is tightly connected to the belief that they have a higher risk of contraction than others. However, scientists’ estimation of such risks is selectively framed on media outlets, and could cause confusion about and even polarization around the topic. In the theoretical framework of motivated reasoning, the current study showcases a cognition-intention link in the processing of scientific information regarding homosexuals’ high HIV/AIDS prevalence in China. An online survey experiment ( N = 695) using different emphasis frames of the findings from a scientific report shows that ad hoc identification with homosexuals’ rights, and individualism, strongly moderates the direct effect of exposure to different messages on intention of message forwarding, and also the indirect effect mediated by the perception of scientists’ expertise.","PeriodicalId":512966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Psychology","volume":"51 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Picture Perfect","authors":"Rhea Milson, Daniel Madigan","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000434","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Perfectionistic self-presentation (the desire to appear perfect to others) is related to decreased body satisfaction and intrusive (e.g., addictive or problematic) social media use in young women. Instagram, a highly visual social media platform, may serve as a medium for heightened body image concerns among this population. Exploring perfectionistic self-presentation on Instagram, by examining the extent to which women promote a perfect image on Instagram (perfectionistic self-promotion) and avoid presenting an imperfect image on Instagram (non-display of imperfection and non-disclosure of imperfection), may help to further understand its role in these issues. To test this idea, we recruited two non-clinical samples of young women (Sample 1: cross-sectional, N = 392; Sample 2: two-wave longitudinal, N = 176) to examine the relationships between perfectionistic self-presentation on Instagram, Instagram intrusion and body satisfaction. Findings revealed that dimensions of perfectionistic self-presentation on Instagram were negatively associated with body satisfaction, both cross-sectionally and over time and positively associated with Instagram intrusion, cross-sectionally. Non-display of imperfection appeared to be the most important dimension. Overall, our findings offer initial support for examining perfectionistic self-presentation on Instagram, and its utility in understanding the body satisfaction of young women.","PeriodicalId":512966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Psychology","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141365022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Filipe Falcão, Bárbara Sousa, Pedro Moreira, Carlos Jalali, Patrício Costa
{"title":"The Grand Finale","authors":"Filipe Falcão, Bárbara Sousa, Pedro Moreira, Carlos Jalali, Patrício Costa","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000429","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The 2019 televised debate between the leaders of the two main Portuguese parties for the general elections in Portugal drew approximately 2.7 million viewers. Debates constitute a centrepiece of campaigns, allowing candidates to showcase their proposals. The importance of debates in election campaigns reflects their possible influence in changing voters’ perspectives. As the standards for judging candidates increasingly rely on non-political characteristics such as personality traits, we examine the effects of debates on voters’ judgments of the warmth and competence of candidates and their voting intentions. We employed a within subject’s pretest/postest design to monitor participants before and after the debate between the leaders of the two main parties in Portugal, António Costa (Socialist Party, PS) and Rui Rio (Social-Democrat Party, PSD) for the Portuguese 2019 legislative elections. A comprehensive statistical pipeline was implemented to isolate the effects of the debate. Evidence suggesting that the debate influenced the perceived warmth and competence of both candidates was found. This study contributes to the literature on debates and supports the claim that they may shift voters’ perceptions and attitudes.","PeriodicalId":512966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Psychology","volume":"122 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141360515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Influence of Feeling-of-Knowing on Metacognitive Processes in the Digital Media Environment","authors":"Z. Lew, Andrew J. Flanagin","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000426","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Research demonstrates that people outsource memory work to digital devices and to the web, which consequently engenders elevated self-assessments, such as enhanced cognitive self-esteem (CSE). Yet, the reasons for this phenomenon are not well-known. In this domain, two studies explored the role of feeling-of-knowing (FoK) – one’s judgment about whether currently nonrecallable information is actually known – on enhanced CSE. Findings show that people believe that their ability to find needed information is better after performing a web search for answers, as a function of elevated FoK that occurs in the process, and that experiencing greater FoK is related to greater perceived memory ability, better anticipated future performance, and easier perceived question difficulty. Evidence of this metacognitive effect is particularly intriguing since it is also highly paradoxical: under precisely the circumstances when people should recognize their cognitive shortcomings, they assess them to be especially strong.","PeriodicalId":512966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Psychology","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140732051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of Fear and Shame in Health Testimonial Videos on Identification and Health Beliefs","authors":"Jonathan Cohen, E. Atad, Tomer Mevorach","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000418","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Two online experiments (Study 1 N = 310; Study 2 N = 967) using video testimonials manipulated the degree of fear and shame experienced by viewers by varying the degree of risk and stigma associated with the illnesses endured by the protagonists. Results showed that increasing risk and stigma intensified identification, which in turn affected story-consistent beliefs. Trait empathy, expected to increase identification did not predict higher identification. Both studies, using different videos depicting different illnesses, found similar results suggesting a general pattern. Results are discussed in the context of persuasion theory and implications for message design are suggested.","PeriodicalId":512966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Psychology","volume":"18 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140728714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ralf Schmälzle, Sue Lim, Juncheng Wu, Subhalakshmi Bezbaruah, S. A. Hussain
{"title":"Converging Crowds and Tied Twins","authors":"Ralf Schmälzle, Sue Lim, Juncheng Wu, Subhalakshmi Bezbaruah, S. A. Hussain","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000422","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Recent work using neuroimaging has shown that brain responses to a movie are similar across viewers. These similar responses emerge because the movie recruits brain systems involved in sensory (e.g., responding to the flickering lights on screen), perceptual (e.g., identifying the characters’ faces), and social-cognitive processing (e.g., following and understanding the story, social, and affective responses) – separately in each individual brain, but collectively across the audience. Here we compare brain response similarities during an engaging, social, and nonverbal 5-minute Pixar movie across two levels: First, we show that at a macro-level, the movie-evoked brain responses among the current audience from Australia are correlated with the brain responses to the same movie watched by an audience from the USA. Second, we investigate whether twins, who maximize the preexisting similarity two individual audience members can have, exhibit more similar brain responses to the same movie. We find that shared responses measured in an audience from Australia were highly correlated with responses from an audience watching the same movie in the USA. Second, we find that twins (who are genetically more similar and usually raised in a similar environment) exhibit more strongly aligned brain responses compared to non-twin participants. These results support our predictions about the role of pre-existing similarities among audiences for brain-to-brain coupling during movie reception. Moreover, they suggest that brain-to-brain similarities in response to movies contain information about similarities at the social level.","PeriodicalId":512966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Psychology","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140377826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Consumption of Psychological Horror is Associated With Reduced Stigmatization of Mental Illness","authors":"D. Sacco, Megan Walters, Mitch Brown","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000421","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Pervasive reactions toward mental illness include dehumanization and stigma. Given the portrayal of such disorders as threatening in psychological horror films, consumption of this subgenre of horror could be associated with pronounced stigmatization of mental illness through dehumanization. We report results of an online survey of U.S. undergraduates ( N = 202) who indicated how frequently they consumed various subgenres of horror films, in addition to their tendencies to dehumanize and stigmatize those experiencing mental illnesses. Only psychological horror consumption was associated with these ascriptions. However, and contrary to predictions, greater psychological horror consumption was associated with less stigmatization and dehumanization of mental illness. We provided updated empirical findings and theoretical conceptualizations to provide context for these unexpected findings and discuss the broader potential benefits of the horror genre in reducing stigmatization.","PeriodicalId":512966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Psychology","volume":"213 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140247302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mind or Machine?","authors":"Kristy A. Hamilton, Adrian F. Ward, Mike Z. Yao","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000419","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Searching for and accessing online information through search engines causes digital media users to become overconfident in their own knowledge – in a sense, to attribute online knowledge to themselves. If searching the internet via search engine leads people to conflate digital information as self-produced, what happens when features of our devices turn information search into an interpersonal situation? The proliferation of anthropomorphic technology underpinned by artificial intelligence (AI) may challenge the current view of search-induced cognitive overconfidence. In two experiments, we investigate how using digital agents to search for information moderates the misattribution of online information to one’s own memory. We find that, in contrast to using a search engine, using a digital agent to access online information does not lead to higher estimations of cognitive self-esteem (Experiment 1). Moreover, using a humanized digital agent may lead to lower cognitive self-esteem than using a non-humanized digital agent or thinking alone (Experiment 2). Whereas internet searches can make people overconfident in their cognitive abilities, accessing information through a conversational digital agent appears to clarify boundaries between internal and external knowledge.","PeriodicalId":512966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Media Psychology","volume":"2010 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}