Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Abutment height matters - but not always: the role of prosthetic retention type in peri-implant marginal bone loss.","authors":"Sunjai Kim, Nikos Mattheos, Franz Josef Strauss","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.392","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL) is influenced by multiple prosthetic variables, yet evidence on abutment height remains inconsistent. This review proposes that this inconsistency arises from a failure to stratify evidence by prosthetic retention type. In screw-retained restorations, micromovement at the abutment-crown interface is mechanically unavoidable. Abutment height determines the proximity of this mobile interface to the crestal bone. Multiple clinical studies have reported greater MBL with shorter abutments, and reclassification of studies from four recent systematic reviews by retention type revealed that this association holds specifically in screw-retained configurations, where longer abutments consistently yielded more favorable outcomes. In cement-retained restorations, the abutment and crown are bonded into a unified complex, substantially reducing interface micromovement. Abutment height, therefore, loses its mechanical relevance. Instead, the transmucosal profile geometry-specifically the contour angle within the 2-mm zone adjacent to the bone crest-emerges as the primary determinant of MBL. Profile angles below approximately 20°, with concave or straight contours, have been associated with favorable peri-implant outcomes, though this value represents a pragmatic clinical target rather than an absolute threshold. These findings call for retention-specific prosthetic strategies: taller abutments should be prioritized in screw-retained restorations, whereas in cement-retained restorations, greater emphasis should be placed on optimizing the transmucosal contour design.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"392-406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifactorial determinants of complications and patient-reported outcomes in metal clasp-retained removable partial dentures.","authors":"Berk Bilgen, Berk Kaffaf, Olcay Şakar","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.208","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the distribution of complications in clasp-retained removable partial dentures (C-RPDs) and to investigate the influence of denture design parameters, denture age, and Kennedy and Eichner classifications on complication patterns and patient-reported outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>134 patients wearing 205 metal C-RPDs were included. Biological and mechanical complications were recorded. Denture design parameters (major connector type, clasp type and number, and rest number) were documented. Oral health-related quality of life Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and patient satisfaction were assessed using the OHIP-14 and a visual analog scale (VAS). Associations between complication patterns, design parameters, denture age, classifications and patient-reported outcomes were statistically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mechanical complications were the most frequently observed complications. Mechanical complications and ulcerations were significantly associated with reduced OHRQoL. Denture age demonstrated a significant association with mechanical complications and patient-reported outcomes. Classifications showed limited associations with complications and did not influence patient-reported outcomes. Palatal plate and anteroposterior palatal strap designs were associated with physical pain and reduced speech satisfaction. In the mandible, dentures incorporating both circumferential and bar clasps demonstrated higher satisfaction, whereas the exclusive use of bar clasps was associated with increased physical disability. Higher numbers of rests and clasps were associated with lower overall OHIP-14 scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Denture age and design characteristics were associated with complication patterns and patient-reported outcomes. Mechanical complications were more frequently observed in older dentures and, together with mucosal ulcerations, were associated with reduced OHRQoL. These findings suggest that individualized design strategies, regular follow-up, and timely maintenance may contribute to better mechanical stability and patient-centered outcomes in C-RPDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 3","pages":"208-226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prosthodontic treatment must remain grounded in science.","authors":"In-Sung Luke Yeo","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.155","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 3","pages":"155-157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture resistance and failure modes in 4- vs. 6-implant supported zirconia full-arch prostheses with and without cantilevers: an <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Dong Zhou, Zhicheng Cai, Zejian Xu, Xi Jiang, Shuxin Ren","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.182","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the fracture resistance and failure modes of IFCDPs supported by 4 versus 6 implants, with and without cantilever loading.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty monolithic zirconia IFCDP specimens (20 with 4 implants, 20 with 6 implants) were fabricated using CAD-CAM technology and bonded to titanium copings on titanium alloy casts. Specimens were divided into four groups (n = 10 each): Group A (4 implants, non-cantilever load at second premolar), Group B (4 implants, cantilever load at second molar), Group C (6 implants, non-cantilever load at second premolar), and Group D (6 implants, cantilever load at second molar). Mechanical testing was performed using a universal testing machine with a three-point bending fixture loading bilaterally. Failure modes (fracture or cement debonding) and maximum failure loads were recorded. Statistical analysis included Fisher's exact test for failure mode distribution and two-way ANOVA for failure load.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Non-cantilever loading caused framework fractures at high mean loads (Group A: 25,105 ± 5744 N; Group C: 27,189 ± 5753 N), while cantilever loading led to cement debonding at significantly lower failure loads (Group B:1,070 ± 404 N; Group D: 828 ± 432 N). Loading site significantly influenced failure load (<i>P</i> < .001), but implant number and its interaction with loading site had no significant effect (<i>P</i> > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both All-on-4 and All-on-6 zirconia full-arch prostheses show high static fracture resistance, but cantilever loading greatly reduces strength and induces debonding, underscoring the need to minimize cantilever length or improve bonding strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 3","pages":"182-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface-related factors affecting bacterial adhesion on dental implants: a short literature review.","authors":"Sunyoung Choi","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.261","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental implants offer a predictable solution for tooth replacement, yet peri-implant diseases, including peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, remain a significant clinical concern and are primarily driven by bacterial biofilm formation on implant surfaces. The unique anatomy of peri-implant tissues, characterized by the absence of a periodontal ligament and distinct soft tissue attachment, increases susceptibility to microbial colonization. Bacterial adhesion is a dynamic process initiated by reversible attachment to the acquired pellicle, followed by irreversible binding via bacterial adhesins and the production of extracellular polymeric substances, leading to biofilm maturation. Implant surface topography and physicochemical properties strongly influence these processes. While rough surfaces facilitate bacterial retention by providing protective niches, polished transmucosal surfaces reduce plaque accumulation and improve cleanability. Differences in surface properties between titanium and zirconia have been reported, with zirconia showing a tendency for lower bacterial adhesion <i>in vitro</i>, although clinical outcomes are shaped by multiple factors beyond surface characteristics. Integrating knowledge of implant topography, material-dependent surface properties, and microbial behavior is essential for guiding implant design, minimizing biofilm formation, and promoting long-term peri-implant tissue health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 3","pages":"261-274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of endocrown-retained fixed dental prosthesis design on marginal integrity and fracture resistance.","authors":"Rasha Sayed Asaad, Marwa Beleidy","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.167","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of zirconia endocrown-retained fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) designs on marginal integrity and fracture resistance after thermomechanical aging, compared with full-coverage-retained FDPs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three extracted mandibular second premolars and second molars were randomly assigned to three abutment designs: full-coverage retainers (A), butt-joint endocrowns (B), and endocrowns with shoulder finish line and ferrule-like extensions (C). All teeth were prepared as abutments for three-unit zirconia FDPs replacing a missing mandibular first molar, and each FDP was duplicated into 12 epoxy resin models. High translucent zirconia FDPs were fabricated using Computer-Aided Design-Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD-CAM) and cemented using self-adhesive resin cement. Marginal gaps were measured under a stereomicroscope (× 35) before and after thermomechanical aging (1.2 × 10⁵ cycles, 49 N, 5 - 55℃). Fracture resistance was assessed after aging under compressive loading until failure, and failure mode was recorded. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with post hoc tests (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All groups showed a significant increase in marginal gap after aging (<i>P</i> < .05). Group B had the smallest mean marginal gap before and after aging (<i>P</i> < .001). Group A exhibited the highest fracture resistance, significantly exceeding Groups B and C, with Group B showing the lowest values (<i>P</i> < .001). Failure mode analysis indicated that fractures were confined to the connector regions, mainly the distal connectors, with occlusal extension observed in Groups B and C.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abutment design significantly affected the zirconia endocrown-retained FDPs performance. Marginal gaps increased after thermomechanical aging, but remained within clinically acceptable limits. The butt-joint design demonstrated superior marginal adaptation, while the full-coverage design exhibited the highest fracture resistance, exceeding physiologic posterior masticatory forces.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 3","pages":"167-181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan coating effects on biological response to niobia-modified yttria-stabilized zirconia.","authors":"Le Na Lau, Chae-Ryeong Cha, Satoshi Imazato, In-Sung Luke Yeo","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.191","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The impact of chitosan (Ch) surface modification on the osseointegration of niobia-modified yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y,Nb-TZP) implants was assessed using a rabbit tibia model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Y,Nb-TZP and SLA discs and implants were prepared and coated with Ch of 95% degree of deacetylation (DDA). MC3T3-E1 cells and human gingival fibroblasts were cultured onto discs (n = 3) for cell proliferation, adhesion, osteogenic differentiation and gene expression analysis. Specimen surface characteristics were assessed using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Eight rabbits underwent tibial implant placement and were euthanized at 2 and 8 weeks after surgery (n = 4). Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area (BA) were quantified through histomorphometric evaluation. One-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test was used for statistical analysis (<i>P</i> < .05) unless otherwise specified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ch-coated Y,Nb-TZP discs supported cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation <i>in vitro</i>, with increased osteogenic and early focal adhesion gene expression, compared with uncoated controls. However, <i>in vivo</i> evaluation in rabbit tibiae showed no improvement in bone-to-implant contact or bone area around Ch-modified implants relative to uncoated Y,Nb-TZP or SLA controls, and osseointegration did not occur in the Ch-coated groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although Ch promoted osteogenic activity <i>in vitro</i>, these effects did not translate <i>in vivo</i>, and the coating failed to enhance osseointegration on Y,Nb-TZP implants. This gap underscores the complexity of host responses and the need to refine Ch properties for further evaluation under clinically relevant conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 3","pages":"191-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of surface treatment and screw access hole filling method on the retention of CAD-CAM milled PMMA restoration.","authors":"Ha-Eun Choi, Yoon-Hyuk Huh, Chan-Jin Park, Lee-Ra Cho, Kyung-Ho Ko","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.241","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effects of titanium abutment surface treatment, screw access hole (SAH) filling method, and restoration internal surface treatment on the retention of CAD-CAM milled PMMA restorations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was conducted in two phases. First, the effects of abutment airborne particle abrasion (APA) and SAH filling method (full, partial) on retention were evaluated (n = 19). Second, the effect of PMMA internal surface treatment (no treatment, MDP-containing primer, APA) was evaluated (n = 19). All specimens were cemented with a non-eugenol temporary cement. Thermomechanical aging was performed prior to pull-out test. Surface characteristics were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Statistical analysis included one-way and two-way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD test, multiple regression, and chi-square test (α = .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Abutment APA significantly increased retention compared with untreated abutments (mean difference, 33.71 N; 95% CI, 21.34 to 46.08; <i>P</i> < .001), and partial SAH filling produced higher retention than full filling (mean difference, 13.54 N; 95% CI, 1.17 to 25.91; <i>P</i> = .033). PMMA internal surface treatment significantly affected retention, with MDP-containing primer treated PMMA showing the lowest values, whereas APA resulted in the highest (<i>P</i> < .05). SEM and AFM revealed smoothing of the PMMA intaglio surface after MDP-containing primer application and pronounced microroughness after APA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this <i>in vitro</i> study, abutment APA may improve the retention of CAD-CAM milled PMMA restorations under the tested conditions, and partial SAH filling may provide an additional retention. In contrast, application of an MDP-containing primer to the PMMA internal surface may reduce retention.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 3","pages":"241-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> color prediction of the shade-gradient 5 mol% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia ceramics in different thicknesses: use of try-in pastes and resin cements.","authors":"Elif Yılmaz Biçer, Beyza Güney, Merve Bankoğlu Güngör","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.252","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of the present <i>in vitro</i> study is to evaluate the color prediction of shade-gradient 5 mol% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ) ceramics in different thicknesses using try-in pastes, unpolymerized resin cements, and polymerized resin cements.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Specimens with thicknesses of 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.8 mm were fabricated using 5Y-PSZ zirconia ceramic. Substructure specimens were prepared from composite resin in A1 shade. Color parameters were measured after try-in paste application, before resin cement polymerization, and after resin cement polymerization. The color differences between the try-in paste and the unpolymerized resin cement (ΔE₀₀-1), the try-in paste and the polymerized resin cement (ΔE₀₀-2), and the unpolymerized resin cement and polymerized resin cement (ΔE₀₀-3) were calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula. Data were statistically analyzed using the two-way repeated-measures ANOVA and the Bonferroni adjustment (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA revealed no interaction between thickness and prediction method (<i>P</i> = .128), but both factors significantly affected ΔE₀₀ values (<i>P</i> < .05). Among the thickness groups, 0.4 mm specimens showed the highest ΔE₀₀ values (1.45 ±0.9), while 0.6 mm and 0.8 mm specimens demonstrated significantly lower ΔE₀₀ values (<i>P</i> < .05). Regarding the prediction method, all groups showed statistically significant differences (<i>P</i> < .05), with ΔE₀₀-1 exhibiting the highest ΔE₀₀ value (1.38 ±0.7), followed by ΔE₀₀-2 and ΔE₀₀-3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In thin restorations (0.4 mm), color prediction became more challenging. Visually perceptible color differences were observed among try-in pastes and resin cements after polymerization; therefore, the use of unpolymerized resin cement yielded more reliable color prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 3","pages":"252-260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vivo</i> evaluation of a 3D-printable polyurethane-acrylate soft denture liner.","authors":"Dong-Joon Lee, Jang-Hyun Park, Jaehan Park","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.158","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.3.158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the <i>in vivo</i> biological response of a newly developed 3D-printable polyurethane-acrylate-based soft denture liner (SDL) following direct contact with oral mucosa, focusing on cytocompatibility, epithelial integrity, and inflammatory responses.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A polyurethane-acrylate SDL formulation optimized for additive manufacturing was fabricated using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing. Cytotoxicity was assessed <i>in vitro</i> using L929 fibroblasts according to ISO 10993-5 guidelines through microscopic observation and MTT assays. For <i>in vivo</i> evaluation, plate-shaped SDL specimens were applied to the buccal mucosa of Sprague-Dawley rats, with sutured sham controls. Animals were sacrificed at 24 h (day 1) and 72 h (day 3). Histological assessment was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, while epithelial integrity and differentiation were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin and pan-keratin. Inflammatory and collagen-related gene expression was analyzed using RT-qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SDL extracts showed no cytotoxic effects at any concentration, with cell viability exceeding 97% in all groups. Histological analysis revealed no epithelial disruption, inflammatory cell infiltration, or tissue damage in SDL-applied mucosa. Epithelial thickness exhibited a mild increase from day 1 to day 3 in both sham and SDL groups, with no significant intergroup differences. E-cadherin and pan-keratin expression patterns remained comparable between groups at all time points. RT-qPCR demonstrated a transient increase in inflammatory markers at day 1, which resolved by day 3 without sustained inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The newly formulated 3D-printable polyurethane-acrylate SDL demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and preserved oral mucosal integrity <i>in vivo</i>, supporting its potential clinical application as an alternative to conventional soft denture liners.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 3","pages":"158-166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}