Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Effects of restorative material, intraoral scanner, and digital workflow on the marginal and internal fit of CAD-CAM all-ceramic crowns: an <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Jasmin Musa, Carl Grübel, Pia Stück, Sven Rinke, Ralf Bürgers, Matthias Rödiger","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.374","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated the marginal and internal fit of CAD-CAM all-ceramic crowns fabricated from a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network material (PICN; VITA Enamic^®) and a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS; VITA Suprinity^® PC). In addition, the effects of intraoral scanner type and chairside versus labside digital workflows were assessed.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Crowns were fabricated in two experimental series. In series 1, CEREC Bluecam AC and CEREC Omnicam AC intraoral scanners were compared. In series 2, chairside and labside digital workflows were evaluated. In both series, PICN and ZLS crowns were investigated. Marginal fit was assessed using reflected light microscopy and the replica technique, whereas internal fit was assessed using the replica technique. Data were analyzed using rank-based two-factor analyses and correlation analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In series 1, scanner type did not significantly affect marginal fit, whereas Bluecam demonstrated smaller internal gaps than Omnicam (<i>P</i> = .0059). PICN crowns exhibited smaller marginal gaps than ZLS crowns in both series (<i>P</i> < .0001). For internal fit, restorative material had a significant effect in series 1 (<i>P</i> = .0003), but not in series 2 (<i>P</i> = .4376). In series 2, the chairside workflow resulted in smaller marginal gaps when assessed by reflected light microscopy (<i>P</i> = .0064) and smaller internal gaps when assessed by the replica technique (<i>P</i> = .0288), whereas no workflow-related difference was observed for marginal fit measured with the replica technique (<i>P</i> = .1496). Significant material-dependent interaction effects were identified. Marginal gap values obtained by reflected light microscopy and the replica technique showed significant positive correlations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Marginal and internal fit were influenced by restorative material, scanner type, measurement method, and specific interaction effects. Series 2 findings should be interpreted as differences between the chairside and labside workflows as performed in this study rather than as effects of the digitization step alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"374-391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of repeated milling bur use on the marginal adaptation of monolithic zirconia crowns.","authors":"Mehmet Ali Akınal, Bilge Ergünbaş","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.337","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This <i>in vitro</i> investigation was designed to assess the vertical marginal discrepancies in monolithic zirconia crowns manufactured using CAD-CAM technology, specifically focusing on the effects of progressive deterioration associated with the cumulative use of tungsten carbide instruments.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty-six monolithic zirconia crowns were manufactured utilizing a dry milling protocol. Milling was continued without bur replacement, and production proceeded with the same bur set even after the system issued a bur replacement warning after the 27th restoration. These restorations were then allocated into four distinct groups (n = 14 per group) based on the milling sequence. Marginal gap measurements were performed with a stereomicroscope, and measurements were obtained from the four surfaces of each crown. To evaluate statistical significance among the groups, a Welch analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted, followed by Games-Howell procedures for post hoc pairwise comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant variations in vertical marginal adaptation were detected among the tested cohorts (F = 68.5, <i>P</i> < .001). The mean ± SD (µm) values were as follows: G1 = 34.78 ± 5.89; G2 = 63.13 ± 14.53; G3 = 82.54 ± 17.61; and G4 = 99.69 ± 21.66. With the exception of Groups 3 and 4, which demonstrated statistically comparable outcomes (<i>P</i> = .126), all other pairwise comparisons yielded significant disparities. The marginal gap increased in parallel with the production sequence (r = 0.86, <i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As the milling bur usage cycle increased, the marginal gap increased; however, the difference in marginal discrepancy between the later production groups (Group 3 and Group 4) was no longer statistically significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"337-346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From milling to printing: evaluating the applicability of zirconia in restorative dentistry.","authors":"Soo-Yeon Yoo, Seong-Kyun Kim, Jai-Young Koak, Ji-Man Park","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.301","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study compared the mechanical and optical properties of 3D-printed and milled zirconia, and evaluate the marginal and internal adaptation of crowns fabricated with 3Y-TZP and veneers fabricated with 5Y-TZP.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Ninety-two disc specimens and thirty-six monolithic restorations (crowns and laminate veneers) were fabricated using standardized CAD-CAM workflows. Biaxial flexural strength was measured, and optical properties were evaluated using the translucency parameter (TP), total transmittance (TT), and haze. Marginal and internal adaptations were assessed using a silicone replica technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Printed 3Y-TZP showed flexural strength comparable to milled zirconia (1211.4 ± 114.3 MPa vs. 1120.3 ± 93.3 MPa; <i>P</i> = .067), and no significant differences were observed between fabrication methods for 5Y-TZP (<i>P</i> = .442). TP values were significantly higher in milled zirconia for both 3Y-TZP and 5Y-TZP (all <i>P</i> < .001). For 5Y-TZP specimens only, TT was higher in the milled group (<i>P</i> < .001), whereas haze values did not differ between fabrication methods. All restorations demonstrated marginal gaps within clinically acceptable limits (< 120 µm). Printed crowns exhibited significantly smaller occlusal internal gaps (<i>P</i> = .029), and printed laminate veneers showed favorable marginal adaptation at multiple sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>3D-printed zirconia showed flexural strength comparable to milled zirconia and demonstrated favorable adaptation in selected regions, although optical properties were lower.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"301-312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of impression technique and screw access hole configuration on distortion in conventional impressions of prepared CAD-CAM abutment geometries.","authors":"Seong-Soo Cho, Kyung-Ho Ko, Yoon-Hyuk Huh, Chan-Jin Park, Lee-Ra Cho","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.326","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of impression technique and screw access hole (SAH) configuration on distortion in conventional impressions of prepared CAD-CAM custom abutment geometries.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A master cast with implants placed at the maxillary first premolar and first molar was fabricated. CAD-CAM abutment geometries were designed with SAH positions corresponding to 0°, 15°, and 30° buccal angulation designs. In the first experiment, six groups representing different polyvinyl siloxane impression techniques were tested. In the second experiment, groups were formed based on SAH position and filling (filled vs unfilled). Fabricated stone casts were scanned, and STL datasets were superimposed onto reference data. Total, horizontal, vertical, and angular deviations were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and two-way ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 2-step ML technique showed lower total deviation than the 1-step-L technique (24.35 µm [IQR, 6.28] vs 82.37 µm [IQR, 68.02]; <i>P</i> < .05). Unfilled SAHs showed reduced horizontal deviation but increased vertical and angular deviations. Angular deviation ranged from 3.60° to 4.37° in the filled SAH groups and from 5.05° to 5.13° in the unfilled SAH groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Impression technique and SAH configuration were associated with differences in impression distortion patterns. Within the limitations of this <i>in vitro</i> study, the 2-step triple phase technique showed reduced deviation, whereas increased implant angulation and unfilled SAHs were associated with greater vertical and angular deviations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"326-336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publication trends and knowledge structure of the Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics: A bibliometric analysis from 2009 to 2025.","authors":"Woong-Gi Han, Hong Seok Moon, June Sung Shim, Jee-Hwan Kim, Jaeyoung Kim","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.347","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This bibliometric study evaluated the publication output, citation performance, contributor characteristics, thematic structure, and cited knowledge base of the Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics from 2009 to 2025.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Scopus-indexed articles and reviews published in the Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics from 2009 to 2025 were analyzed. Bibliographic indicators were extracted from the Scopus comma-separated values export. Descriptive indicators were calculated, and author keyword co-occurrence, temporal keyword overlay, and cited source co-citation analyses were performed using VOSviewer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 819 publications, comprising 812 articles and 7 reviews, received 16,493 citations. The mean and median citations per publication were 20.14 and 14, respectively, and the h-index was 56. Annual publication output increased from 24 publications in 2009 to a peak of 77 in 2014 and then generally declined. Publication volume was broadly comparable between the 2 periods, although citation metrics were higher earlier. South Korea was the leading contributing country, followed by Turkey, and international contribution broadened over time. Seoul National University was the most productive institution. Keyword co-occurrence analysis identified 5 clusters related to implant prosthodontics, zirconia and ceramic materials, bond strength and adhesion, CAD-CAM and additive manufacturing, and digital impression accuracy. Cited source co-citation analysis was centered on The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, with linkages to dental materials and implant dentistry journals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The journal showed sustained publication activity and published research across clinical prosthodontic, materials-related, and digital workflow-related topics, with cited-source linkages to prosthodontic, dental materials, and implant dentistry literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"347-361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polishing of provisional crown materials: the effects on <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> adhesion and cellular biocompatibility, with real-time cell analysis of biocompatibility.","authors":"Fatma Yaşar, Giray Bolayır, Ayşegül Göze Saygın, Ceylan Hepokur, Tutku Tunç","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.289","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this <i>in vitro</i> study was to evaluate the effects of polishing procedures on <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> adhesion and assess the biocompatibility of provisional crown materials using real-time cell analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four provisional crown materials were used: Dentalon Plus (DP), 3D Varseo Smile Temp (VS), CAD-CAM Cerasmart (CS), and Ceramill Temp (CT). A total of 156 disc-shaped specimens (2 × 5 mm; n = 6) were prepared and subjected to three polishing procedures: control (C), manual (M), and Optiglaze (O). Surface roughness (Ra) was measured with a profilometer. <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> adhesion and biocompatibility were evaluated at 24 and 72 h. Surface morphology was qualitatively evaluated with SEM. Data were analyzed using Two-way ANOVA, Linear Mixed Model analysis, Tukey post hoc test, and Pearson correlation analysis (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Optiglaze-polished specimens exhibited lower Ra values than the manual and control groups. <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> adhesion was the highest in the DPC group and the lowest in the VSO and CTO groups at both time points. A positive association was observed between surface roughness and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> adhesion (<i>P</i> < .001). Cell viability showed a time-dependent pattern, with the highest values in the VSO group at 24 h and in the DPO group at 72 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this <i>in vitro</i> study, Optiglaze polishing was associated with lower surface roughness and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> adhesion, and higher cell viability, suggesting more favorable outcomes under these experimental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"289-300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wear resistance of CAD-CAM-milled PEEK, PEKK, and cobalt-chromium removable partial denture frameworks for implant-assisted removable partial dentures against zirconia crowns during simulated insertion/removal cycling in a mandibular Kennedy Class I model.","authors":"Iman Adel El-Asfahani, Mohamed Hesham Anwer, Abdullah Kamel","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.313","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the wear resistance of CAD-CAM-milled PEEK, PEKK, and cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks against zirconia crowns during simulated insertion/removal cycling in a mandibular Kennedy Class I model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A Kennedy Class I acrylic model with two implant analogues supporting zirconia crowns was used. RPD frameworks (n = 6/group) were milled from PEEK (BioHPP), PEKK (Pekkton ivory), and Co-Cr (Scheftner Dental Alloys). Specimens underwent 2160 insertion/removal cycles (24 month simulation) under 50 N load in a chewing simulator with thermocycling (5 - 55℃) and artificial saliva. Wear at the proximal plate, occlusal rest, and retentive arm was assessed via optical profilometry for volume change (µm³) and maximum surface height (Rz, µm). Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05) was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Co-Cr generally exhibited higher surface roughness than PEEK and PEKK (<i>P</i> < .05, partial η² = 0.436 - 0.629), with no differences between PEEK and PEKK. Volume change was negligible for Co-Cr (≈10^-5 µm³) and highly variable for PEEK/PEKK, with no statistically significant differences among the three materials or over time (<i>P</i> > .05). No within-group changes from baseline to 24 months were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this <i>in vitro</i> study, no statistically significant differences in wear resistance were observed between PEEK and PEKK frameworks; however, this does not constitute evidence of equivalence. Cobalt-chromium exhibited higher surface roughness but negligible volume loss. Clinical validation is required before PAEK materials can be recommended as routine substitutes for conventional metal frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"313-325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prosthodontics should be art founded on science, not merely art and science.","authors":"Yeojoon Koh, In-Sung Luke Yeo","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.275","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.275","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"275-276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of margin level and finish line geometry on the trueness of digital scans.","authors":"Mehmet Gözen, Ceyda Akın","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.362","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the influence of margin level and finish line geometry on the trueness of digital impressions obtained with different intraoral scanners (IOS).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Six maxillary molar crown preparations were designed combining two margin levels (supragingival and subgingival) and three finish line designs (shoulder, chamfer, rounded shoulder). Models were fabricated using high-resolution three-dimensional printing. Each model was scanned 12 times with four IOS systems (Medit i700, Primescan, Trios 3, and Trios 5), generating 288 datasets. Reference scans were obtained using a laboratory scanner. Trueness was quantified using root mean square (RMS) deviation in accordance with ISO 5725-1. Data were analyzed using Robust analysis of variance and Bonferroni-adjusted post hoc tests (α = .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Scanner type, finish line design, and margin level significantly affected trueness (<i>P</i> < .05). Rounded shoulder preparations demonstrated the lowest RMS values, whereas shoulder designs showed the highest deviations, particularly at the subgingival level. Supragingival margins exhibited significantly higher trueness than subgingival margins. Among scanners, Medit i700 and Primescan showed superior performance compared with Trios 3 and Trios 5. Margin-specific RMS values were consistently higher than total surface values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Digital scan trueness is significantly influenced by preparation geometry and margin location. Rounded shoulder designs and supragingival margins provide more reliable digital outcomes. Careful selection of finish line configuration and scanner technology is critical for optimizing marginal accuracy in digital restorative workflows.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"362-373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of conventional and AI-assisted dental CAD software and 3D printing technology on the intaglio surface trueness of interim crowns.","authors":"Juan Kim, KeunBaDa Son, So-Yeun Kim, Kyu-Bok Lee","doi":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.277","DOIUrl":"10.4047/jap.2026.18.4.277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the trueness of intaglio surfaces in single interim crowns, an <i>in vitro</i> approach was used to test different combinations of CAD software and 3D printing techniques.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A maxillary first molar typodont model was utilized, and the scanning of the abutment was performed via a desktop scanner. A single interim crown was designed using one conventional dental CAD software and two artificial intelligence (AI)-based CAD software programs. Each design file was fabricated with three 3D printing technologies: digital light processing (DLP), stereolithography (SLA), and masked stereolithography (MSLA), yielding 15 crowns per group and a total of 135 interim crowns. The fabricated crowns were scanned with a desktop scanner and superimposed onto the CAD reference model to evaluate intaglio surface trueness. Trueness was quantified using root mean square (RMS) values, positive mean error (AVG), and negative mean error (-AVG). Statistical analyses were performed using one-way and two-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc tests (α = 0.05), and effect sizes (η²) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the dental CAD software programs, only -AVG showed a significant difference (<i>P</i> < .05), whereas RMS and AVG did not differ significantly (<i>P</i> > .05). All parameters (RMS, AVG, -AVG) showed significant differences among the three 3D printers. No significant interaction was found between 3D printer type and dental CAD software for any parameter.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For the production of single interim crowns, the specific type of 3D printer was found to be a more significant determinant of intaglio surface trueness than the selection of dental CAD software.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":"18 4","pages":"277-288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}