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Complete power cycle exhaust heat regeneration and the second law of thermodynamics 完全动力循环排气热再生和热力学第二定律
IF 0.6
Physics Essays Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.190
David Van Den Einde
{"title":"Complete power cycle exhaust heat regeneration and the second law of thermodynamics","authors":"David Van Den Einde","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.190","url":null,"abstract":"A closed condensing power cycle using tetrafluoromethane or R14 and a solid solute as its working fluid is described. The inclusion of a solid solute that yields a positive excess enthalpy of solution with the R14 creates a potential for complete exhaust heat regeneration. The solution\u0000 reaction provides a temporary thermal reservoir for the cycle's low temperature exhaust heat until that energy is regenerated as heat by retrograde solubility during the cycle's high temperature and low density expansion phase. A slow solute dissolution rate in the solvent's low density state\u0000 near the cycle's high temperature enables the cycle to utilize all of the regenerated exhaust heat either as work output or by exhausting surplus heat at a second temperature level. The cycle's thermodynamic path establishes solvent property reference points that can be used to determine the\u0000 maximum positive excess enthalpies of solution required for a solvent to accomplish total exhaust heat regeneration when used as the cycle's working fluid.","PeriodicalId":51274,"journal":{"name":"Physics Essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43319322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Simultaneity, language, and experience 同时性、语言和经验
IF 0.6
Physics Essays Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.173
Randolph Lundberg
{"title":"Simultaneity, language, and experience","authors":"Randolph Lundberg","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.173","url":null,"abstract":"As part of his special theory of relativity, Einstein introduced two definitions of the word “simultaneity”—the coordinated-clocks definition in his famous 1905 paper and the mid-point definition in his 1916 book. Einstein never discussed the relation between these\u0000 two definitions. Neither has anyone else, to my knowledge. I show that these definitions are not equivalent because they have different scopes of applicability, but that they are equivalent wherever both apply. My proof of this partial equivalence is a corollary of my proof that both of Einstein’s\u0000 definitions clash with the natural ticking of monochromatic light, which I call an electromagnetic wave clock. Einstein disparaged the idea of absolute simultaneity, but the reasons he gave were not good ones. He suggested that the idea originated in a confusion between happening simultaneously\u0000 and being seen simultaneously. This thesis is dubious. It is also irrelevant, because an idea that originates in a confusion need not be a confused idea. He suggested that there could be no experimental test for absolute simultaneity. I refute this suggestion by describing an experimental\u0000 test for absolute simultaneity, which I call the melt-mark test. The empirical credentials of Einstein’s definitions are not superior to those of absolute simultaneity. Einstein writes as if he can banish the idea of absolute “simultaneity” by merely giving the word “simultaneity”\u0000 a new meaning. But many words have multiple meanings; Einstein merely made simultaneity such a word. The meanings of “simultaneity” that there is reason to disparage are Einstein’s definitions, because they clash with the electromagnetic wave clock. None of these points is\u0000 properly appreciated by today’s physics community, where Einstein’s assertions about simultaneity continue to enjoy broad acclaim. Physical theories that employ the idea of absolute simultaneity are often wrongly rejected because they do.","PeriodicalId":51274,"journal":{"name":"Physics Essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42093170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The motion of massless “object” and the physical essence and motion law of light 无质量“物体”的运动和光的物理本质和运动规律
IF 0.6
Physics Essays Pub Date : 2023-06-17 DOI: 10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.216
Jiqing Zeng, Tianhe Zeng
{"title":"The motion of massless “object” and the physical essence and motion law of light","authors":"Jiqing Zeng, Tianhe Zeng","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.216","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the vacuum absolute static reference system is established by analyzing the motion law of massless “object.” Through the understanding of the physical nature of light, this paper reveals three basic laws of motion of light: First, light always moves in a uniform\u0000 straight line, independent of the motion of the light source. Second, the speed of light propagation in vacuum is constant relative to the absolute reference system of vacuum. Third, the speed of light propagation in the medium remains constant relative to the inertial frame of the medium.\u0000 Based on this, we have successfully explained the phenomenon of Michelson‐Morley experiment, Fizeau experiment, and light aberration phenomenon that have long troubled the academic community. Finally, we prove that the two basic assumptions on which special relativity is based are wrong,\u0000 so the Lorentz transformation and its series of inferences, as the core content of special relativity, are not tenable.","PeriodicalId":51274,"journal":{"name":"Physics Essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44209117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A classical guide to entanglement 经典的纠缠指南
IF 0.6
Physics Essays Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.212
J. Shaffer
{"title":"A classical guide to entanglement","authors":"J. Shaffer","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.212","url":null,"abstract":"Two particles created from a single, nonrotating particle are rotating in opposite directions. Each has two matter-less strings attached to it. One string carries force impulse, and the other transmits clock times. If one reverses the rotation direction of the source particle, the target\u0000 will almost immediately also reverse its rotation no matter how far the two particles are apart. I will investigate if the reason is the disparity in clock information from each particle.","PeriodicalId":51274,"journal":{"name":"Physics Essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47063834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can Lorentz relativistic mass explain the lack of velocity time dilation in quasars? 洛伦兹相对论质量能解释类星体缺乏速度-时间膨胀吗？
IF 0.6
Physics Essays Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.123
E. Haug, G. Spavieri
{"title":"Can Lorentz relativistic mass explain the lack of velocity time dilation in quasars?","authors":"E. Haug, G. Spavieri","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.123","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers in standard gravity theory and cosmology seldom take into account Lorentz relativistic mass. The dismissal of Lorentz relativistic mass by the research community has happened without first properly investigating what predictions incorporating it in gravity models have led\u0000 to. We show that the inclusion of Lorentz relativistic mass in some gravity theories has a dramatic impact on the predicted redshift from objects with high gravitational field such as stellar objects fitting the mathematical properties of black holes. Taking into account Lorentz relativistic\u0000 mass provides diverse interpretations of quasars and many other objects. As relevant example, it may explain the lack of observed velocity time dilation in quasars.","PeriodicalId":51274,"journal":{"name":"Physics Essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41365171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Many-body theories for negative kinetic energy systems 负动能系统的多体理论
IF 0.6
Physics Essays Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.198
Huailong Wang
{"title":"Many-body theories for negative kinetic energy systems","authors":"Huailong Wang","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.198","url":null,"abstract":"In the author’s previous works, it is derived from the Dirac equation that particles can have negative kinetic energy (NKE) solutions, and they should be treated on an equal footing as the positive kinetic energy (PKE) solutions. More than one NKE particles can make up a stable\u0000 system by means of interactions between them and such a system has necessarily negative temperature. Thus, many-body theories for NKE systems are desirable. In this work, the many-body theories for NKE systems are presented. They are Thomas‐Fermi method, Hohenberg‐Kohn theorem,\u0000 Khon‐Sham self-consistent equations, and Hartree‐Fock self-consistent equations. They are established imitating the theories for PKE systems. In each theory, the formalism of both zero temperature and finite negative temperature is given. In order to verify that tunneling electrons\u0000 are of NKE and real momentum, an experiment scenario is suggested that lets PKE electrons collide with tunneling electrons.","PeriodicalId":51274,"journal":{"name":"Physics Essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42600054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Importance of synchronization in the observation of event coordinates 同步在事件坐标观测中的重要性
IF 0.6
Physics Essays Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.168
Chandru Iyer
{"title":"Importance of synchronization in the observation of event coordinates","authors":"Chandru Iyer","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.168","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of synchronization of spatially separated clocks in observing event coordinates cannot be overemphasized. We illustrate this with a real-world example. The results show the dependence of both length contraction and time dilation on the adopted synchronization convention.\u0000 It is illustrated that a change in synchronization convention completely alters the appearance of the physical world. This is to be viewed in the context of the stated position in physics that synchronization of spatially separated clocks in any inertial frame depended on the adoption of a\u0000 convention for its resolution. The preferred method of synchronization of spatially separated clocks is the standard convention recommended by the theory of relativity; however, it still remains a convention.","PeriodicalId":51274,"journal":{"name":"Physics Essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47901920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Investigating Casimir effect in sonoluminescence bubble: A brief overview 声致发光气泡中卡西米尔效应的研究综述
IF 0.6
Physics Essays Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.194
C. Pater, C. Javaherian, Saad Tariq
{"title":"Investigating Casimir effect in sonoluminescence bubble: A brief overview","authors":"C. Pater, C. Javaherian, Saad Tariq","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.194","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of our investigation is the feasibility of examining the Casimir effect in a spherically symmetric sonoluminescence bubble. Our recommendations are based on an in-depth analysis of the relevant literature and experimental data. To forecast the expansion time of the bubble\u0000 under irradiated shock waves, we primarily relied on Schwinger calculations. Furthermore, we addressed the inconsistencies associated with the failure to link sonoluminescence (SL) with the Casimir effect. Our findings indicate that SL is a highly delicate and reliant metric, with its measurement\u0000 relying on variables such as the type of gas used to produce the bubble, fluid and gas temperatures, surface tension, density, pressure, and radius. Based on our analysis, we conclude by proposing adjustments to various gases, particularly at different temperatures, to accurately assess SL\u0000 using Casimir forces and energy. We believe that our study will aid in the acceleration of future investigations into precisely measuring SL bubbles.","PeriodicalId":51274,"journal":{"name":"Physics Essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45583856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computer study of metric perturbations impinging on coupled axon tracts 耦合轴突束上度量摄动的计算机研究
Physics Essays Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.160
Aman Chawla, Salvatore Domenic Morgera
{"title":"Computer study of metric perturbations impinging on coupled axon tracts","authors":"Aman Chawla, Salvatore Domenic Morgera","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.2.160","url":null,"abstract":"Metric perturbations are deviations from a homogeneous spacetime background. In this paper, the authors extend an earlier investigation by using high-precision computer simulations and show that there is definite impact of metric perturbations, that is, gravitational radiation, on the time-coded information conducted by a tract of neural axons as found in the human central nervous system.","PeriodicalId":51274,"journal":{"name":"Physics Essays","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135409925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Double slit interference: Part I 双缝干涉:第一部分
IF 0.6
Physics Essays Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.4006/0836-1398-36.1.30
R. Oldani
{"title":"Double slit interference: Part I","authors":"R. Oldani","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-36.1.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-36.1.30","url":null,"abstract":"Feynman referred to interference as “the only mystery,” and we continue to pursue that idea here by examining the theory behind it with heightened scrutiny. Three interpretations are described: The standard model, Feynman’s sum-over-paths, and Einstein’s\u0000 photon model. The standard model bases its arguments on the wave function and its subsequent collapse. The sum-over-paths model is equivalent to the standard model, but it explains interference by avoiding use of the wave function and its conceptual problems due to collapse. The Einstein model\u0000 is the most challenging for it is revolutionary and intuitively demanding. We critique the three models by studying their treatment of polarized light. In Part II, the interference of low intensity light will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":51274,"journal":{"name":"Physics Essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48583385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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