Korean Journal of Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of alveolar bone and root changes after clear aligner therapy with different extraction protocols: Balancing tissue loss, tooth control, and treatment alternatives.","authors":"Yubohan Zhang, Houzhuo Luo, Xiao Lei, Xu Wang, Wen Qin, Xu Zhang, Xin Li, Zuolin Jin, Yuerong Xu, Jie Gao","doi":"10.4041/kjod25.095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod25.095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate changes in alveolar bone and tooth root dimensions in anterior teeth of patients with different tooth extraction types undergoing clear aligner therapy (CAT) and to provide reliable information for preventing tissue loss and providing tooth control in severe cases through a large-scale sample analysis of the clinical outcomes of CAT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected 281 patients (186 non-extraction [NE], 59 with two-premolar extraction [TPE] in both the maxilla and mandible, and 36 with TPE in the maxilla and one lower-incisor extraction [OLIE] in the mandible) from the records of recent three years. Quantitative changes in the dentoalveolar apparatus were analyzed using pre- (T1) and post-treatment (T2) cone-beam computed tomography. The measured parameters included the alveolar bone height and thickness, and root length in the anterior teeth in different types of tooth extraction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alveolar bone height loss was common in all groups after CAT. Compared to patients with NE, patients with TPE showed a higher risk of lingual bone dehiscence and torque loss (<i>P</i> < 0.05), whereas those with OLIE showed a higher risk of open gingival embrasures (<i>P</i> < 0.05). A more severe alveolar bone loss was observed in the mandibular anterior teeth than in the maxillary anterior teeth (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Different tooth extraction types can lead to different degrees of bone loss in the direction of tooth movement, and orthodontists should adopt more cautious measures for mandibular anterior teeth. Despite numerous experimental studies for improving techniques and designs in CAT, tooth control and complication prevention in extraction cases remain challenging for orthodontists.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of low-yield nicotine cigarette smoke inhalation on orthodontic tooth movement.","authors":"Burak Gulnar, Ahsen Gulnar, Alperen Kamiloglu, Peter Petocz, Ersan Karadeniz, Carmen Gonzales Karadeniz","doi":"10.4041/kjod25.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod25.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-nicotine cigarette smoke (CS) inhalation on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty 4-week-old male Wistar rats, were randomly divided into four groups: three experimental and one control. Group 1 (control group) had dental impressions taken at week 9. Group 2: OTM group received a continuous mesially directed force applied to the maxillary first molar at week 9 for 4 weeks. Group 3: CS group rats had 9 weeks of CS inhalation; Group 4: CS + OTM group, 9 weeks of CS inhalation and 4 weeks of orthodontic force application. Rats in groups 3 (CS) and 4 (CS + OTM) were exposed to 10 cigarettes for 8 minutes, 3 times per day for 9 weeks. All groups had polyvinyl siloxane impressions taken at week 9 and at the end of the experimental period (week 13). At week 13, all rats were sacrificed under general anesthesia, and their maxillae were dissected and scanned using a TRIOS 2014-1 intraoral scanner. The tooth movements were measured using digital models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A slight increase in tooth movement rate was observed in smokers. However, this difference was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CS inhalation did not increase the rate of OTM in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractal analysis of mandibular bone structure in individuals with unilateral crossbite.","authors":"Serdar Cik, Gozde Acıkgoz, Ali Kiki","doi":"10.4041/kjod24.296","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod24.296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine the effects of unilateral crossbite on the structure of the mandibular bone by using fractal analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted using panoramic films obtained retrospectively from 45 individuals with crossbite and 45 individuals with normal occlusion (NO). Fractal measurements were performed on the condyle, corpus, and angulus on both left and right sides of the panoramic films. The films were divided into three groups: cross-side (Cs), normal-side (Ns), and NO. The Cs group was further analyzed on the basis of the number of teeth in the crossbite. Data were analyzed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test and post-hoc Dunnett's T3 multiple-comparison test. Statistical significance was set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean condylar fractal dimension (FD) showed no significant difference between the groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The mean angulus FD in the Cs group was significantly higher than that in the NO group (<i>P</i> = 0.006). Similarly, the mean corpus FD in the NO group was significantly lower than those in the Cs and Ns groups (<i>P</i> = 0.003). In the Cs group, comparisons based on the number of teeth in the crossbite showed no significant differences among the condyle, angulus, or corpus regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fractal analysis may be an effective approach for detecting variations in mandibular trabecular patterns associated with unilateral crossbites. In cases of unilateral crossbite, the trabecular structure was affected in the angulus and corpus regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"55 4","pages":"306-313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal and pharyngeal airway changes following three different rapid palatal expansion protocols in nongrowing subjects: Effects of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion and surgically-assisted rapid palatal expansion with or without pterygomaxillary disjunction.","authors":"Ece Basal, Elvan Onem Ozbilen, Begum Turan, Yasemin Bahar Acar, Zeynep Ahu Acar","doi":"10.4041/kjod25.020","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod25.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Comparing nasal cavity and pharyngeal airway volumes and minimum cross-sectional areas in nongrowing patients who underwent miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) or surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) with and without pterygomaxillary disjunction (PD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pretreatment and post-expansion cone beam computed tomography scans of 30 patients (mean age: 18.6 years), diagnosed with maxillary transverse deficiency, were grouped into three (n = 10 each) according to expansion protocol: 1) MARPE; 2) SARME without PD [SARME-PD(-)]; 3) SARME with PD [SARME-PD(+)]. In NemoStudio software, eleven linear measurements were used to evaluate nasal and maxillary skeletal parameters. Eight airway measurements were used to evaluate the volume and minimum cross-section of the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, retropalatal region, and retroglossal region. Intragroup and intergroup changes were evaluated for statistical significance at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nasal lateral, nasal floor, external maxillary, palatal, and maxillary intermolar widths significantly increased in all groups. In MARPE, nasal cavity and nasopharynx volumes and minimum cross-sectional area increased significantly. Nasopharyngeal volume increased significantly in SARME-PD(-), whereas nasal cavity volume and minimum cross-sectional area decreased significantly in SARME-PD(+). MARPE group showed greater expansion in nasal lateral width than SARME-PD(-) and SARME-PD(+) groups. Mean changes in nasal cavity volume, minimum cross-sectional area, and nasopharyngeal volume were significantly greater in MARPE than in SARME-PD(+).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MARPE group showed greater increases in linear and volumetric measurements. However, differences were statistically insignificant compared to SARME-PD(-). Retropalatal and retroglossal parameters were unaffected in all groups. PD did not provide substantial advantage.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"55 4","pages":"314-326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between <i>Prevotella intermedia</i> and intraoral metal alloys.","authors":"María Florinda Otero, Raquel Dos-Santos, Eva Pérez-Pampín, Antonio Mera Varela, Jorge Mira","doi":"10.4041/kjod25.015","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod25.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the potential association between intraoral metal alloys and the presence of <i>Prevotella intermedia</i> in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted using bacteriological tests. The RA group included 80 patients, of whom 40 tested positive for <i>Prevotella intermedia</i> and 40 tested negative. The control group consisted of 81 subjects without RA, with 39 testing positive for <i>Prevotella intermedia</i> and 42 testing negative.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate analysis identified the presence of intraoral metal alloys (lingual fixed retainers or metal-ceramic crowns), male sex, and gingival inflammation as significant predictors of Prevotella Intermedia presence (<i>P</i> < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, intraoral metal alloys demonstrated the strongest association, with an odds ratio = 4.21 (<i>P</i> < 0.001). However, no significant difference in <i>Prevotella intermedia</i> positivity was observed between the RA and control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that intraoral metal alloys are associated with an increased prevalence of <i>Prevotella intermedia</i> in subgingival pockets among adults, independent of RA status.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"327-331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the accuracy of a 3D-printed palatal auxiliary device for maxillary protraction after palatal expansion.","authors":"Jin-Hwan Kim, Jung-Jin Park, Fu Ping Cui, Sue Yeon Lee, Hwarang Jeong, Seong-Hun Kim","doi":"10.4041/kjod25.065","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod25.065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a three-dimensional (3D)-printed palatal auxiliary device (PAD) compared to computer-aided design (CAD) reference data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty patients who underwent orthodontic treatment using a PAD for maxillary protraction after palatal expansion were included in this study. Two groups of 15 patients were analyzed to compare the accuracy of the two PAD designs. Accuracy and adaptation were assessed through two sets of measurements: 1) deviations between the printed PAD and its CAD reference to determine printing accuracy, and 2) deviations in PAD positioning when clinically applied, simulated on a printed model. Sixteen measurement points (anterior, posterior, left, and right) were evaluated across the x-, y-, and z-axes and t tests were performed for comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PAD-only measurements showed errors greater than 0.1 mm on all axes but within the marginal limits of 0.05 mm to 0.25 mm (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Similar results were observed with the PAD-adapted measurements. Significant differences were found across all axes in the PAD-only group and between the two designs. Tukey's post hoc analysis identified a specific ranking of errors in the combination-type PAD: left, anterior, posterior, and right. However, for PAD-adapted group, majority of comparisons showed no significant differences and those that did lacked consistency in pattern.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that 3D-printed PADs maintain clinically acceptable accuracy and can be effectively integrated into existing intraoral devices. Although errors varied in certain areas, they did not significantly impact the final adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"55 4","pages":"276-289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remineralization of eroded enamel for improved orthodontic bracket bonding: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Muhammad Abdullah Kamran","doi":"10.4041/kjod24.246","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod24.246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Effects of contemporary remineralization agents on the repair and regeneration of eroded enamel, specifically examining Vickers hardness (VH), shear bond strength (SBS), the calcium/phosphorus (Ca/P) ratio, and bracket-enamel interface.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Extracted maxillary premolars with intact enamel were selected. Sixteen samples with sound uneroded enamel (Group 1, control) and eighty artificially eroded samples were used. The eroded samples (n = 80) were etched with phosphoric acid and divided into five remineralization treatment groups (Groups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) based on the type of remineralization applied. VH and Ca/P ratios were assessed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. All samples were primed and bonded with orthodontic brackets. Two samples from each group were assessed under a scanning electron microscope to analyze the bracket-enamel interface. The remaining samples underwent SBS testing. The debonded surfaces were evaluated using the adhesive remnant index. Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA and post hoc multiple comparison tests (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lowest SBS was recorded in Group 2, where brackets were bonded to eroded enamel. In contrast, the highest SBS was observed in sound enamel. Group 2 also exhibited the lowest Ca/P ratio, while sound enamel demonstrated the highest mean VH. Notably, eroded enamel treated with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAnp), NR-5^TM, and Curodont^TM Repair exhibited VH comparable to sound enamel.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Eroded enamel remineralized with HAnp, NR-5^TM, and Curodont^TM Repair demonstrated improved VH and SBS when metallic brackets were bonded to the enamel surface, suggesting potential effectiveness in orthodontic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"244-253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> analysis of mandibular arch response to canine distalization with aligners at varying initial angulations.","authors":"Fan Yongjie, Lv Xin, An Le, Wang Bingle, Liu Gebing, Guo Baoxiong, Yang Sensen","doi":"10.4041/kjod24.223","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod24.223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this research was to analyze the three-dimensional forces acting on the mandibular teeth with aligner activation for distalization and an antitipping design of the mandibular canines, based on various pretreatment canine tips <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five sets of clear aligners were designed to produce the same 0.25 mm distalization forces, with/without the 2° antitipping design, and were applied to canines with three initial angulations. Each group consisted of 12 aligners. Aligner forces were measured in real time using a force transducer measurement system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the mesial group, the canines mainly received distal and extrusive forces; labial and intrusive forces were observed on the incisors, and the second premolar received mesial forces. In the upright and distal groups, the canines were subjected to distal and intrusive forces, while the incisors were subjected to lingual and extrusive forces. Greater mesial forces on the second premolars were also observed. In the upright and distal groups, the distal and intrusive forces on the canines, and the lingual and extrusive forces on the incisors, were reduced by adding a 2° antitipping design to the canines; however, the mesial and intrusive forces on the second premolars increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With clear aligners, the \"bowing effect\" is aggravated when the initial angulation of the canines is distal. This effect can be partially relieved by implementing an antitipping design on the canines, although greater attention should be paid to posterior anchorage control.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"266-275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A human-written versus an artificial intelligence-generated farewell.","authors":"Theodore Eliades","doi":"10.4041/kjod55.4E","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod55.4E","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"55 4","pages":"243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of change in force and moment according to amounts of labial tipping and material types of clear aligner: <i>In vitro</i> experiment with a six-axis mechanical sensor apparatus.","authors":"Keun-Chul Cho, Il-Hyung Yang, Michael Lee, Ki Beom Kim, Seung-Hak Baek","doi":"10.4041/kjod25.003","DOIUrl":"10.4041/kjod25.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the pattern of change in force and moment according to the amounts of labial tipping and the material types of clear aligners (CA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 3D-printed maxillary typodont system, including crown, root, and periodontal ligament space, was constructed. Six groups were established based on the amount of labial tipping of #12 (0.3 mm and 0.6 mm), and the material types (Zendura [thermoplastic, one-layer, 0.75 mm], Trioclear [thermoplastic, three-layer, 0.5 mm], and Graphy TA-28 [direct printing, 0.5 mm]) (n = 6/group). A six-axis mechanical sensor apparatus was connected to the roots. Force and moment were measured after seating the CA in a 37°C water bath.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When comparing 0.3 mm and 0.6 mm tipping, #12 showed an increase in labial inclination moment (Lab-inclination moment) in Zendura (<i>P</i> < 0.05); a decrease in labial force and an increase in Lab-inclination-moment in Trioclear (<i>P</i> < 0.05, P < 0.01); while a lingual force and Lab-inclination moment without significant change in Graphy (all <i>P</i> > 0.05). For 0.3 mm tipping, the amounts of labio-lingual forces and Lab-inclination moment did not differ among the three materials (all <i>P</i> > 0.05). However, at 0.6 mm tipping, Zendura exerted a greater labial force than Trioclear, while Graphy produced a lingual force (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Zendura and Trioclear generated a stronger Lab-inclination moment compared to Graphy (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Despite displaying unexpected force and moment directions, Graphy consistently exhibited the lowest absolute values among the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinicians should select the appropriate aligner material based on the specific biomechanical requirements to prevent unexpected forces and moments.</p>","PeriodicalId":51260,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"55 4","pages":"290-305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}