Language and Speech最新文献_第2页

What Makes Iconic Pitch Associations "Natural": The Effect of Age on Affective Meanings of Uptalk and Creak. 是什么让标志性音高联想变得“自然”：年龄对向上谈话和吱吱声的情感意义的影响。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1177/00238309251314863

Sasha Calhoun, Hannah White

{"title":"What Makes Iconic Pitch Associations \"Natural\": The Effect of Age on Affective Meanings of Uptalk and Creak.","authors":"Sasha Calhoun, Hannah White","doi":"10.1177/00238309251314863","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309251314863","url":null,"abstract":"While the field of sociophonetics generally views social meanings of linguistic features as indexical and socially constructed, prosodic features have long been argued to have supposedly natural, iconic, universal associations, according to \"biological codes,\" for example, the frequency code that links high versus low pitch with small versus large body size, female versus male gender (via sexual dimorphism), and hence, affective meanings like uncertainty versus confidence. This study looks at affective meanings of two features of New Zealand English associated with opposing pitch extremes: Uptalk with high pitch and creaky voice with low. In a matched-guise experiment, listeners of different ages were asked to rate short speech samples from young women containing uptalk and creaky voice on a series of affective meaning scales. Results showed that while uptalk was rated more negatively overall, ratings largely aligned with predicted iconic associations of pitch for each scale. However, there were differences by listener age, especially for creak. We argue these results show that the availability of iconic associations of pitch depends on social factors such as the listeners' beliefs and experience, such as group differences related to age, which affect the seeming naturalness of a given iconic link.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"606-632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12365360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Articulatory Settings of Japanese-English Bilinguals. 日英双语者的发音设置。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1177/00238309251353727

Ian Wilson, Jeremy Perkins, Atomu Sato, Daichi Ishii

{"title":"Articulatory Settings of Japanese-English Bilinguals.","authors":"Ian Wilson, Jeremy Perkins, Atomu Sato, Daichi Ishii","doi":"10.1177/00238309251353727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309251353727","url":null,"abstract":"Articulatory setting, the underlying tendency of the articulators to assume a certain overall configuration during speech, is language-specific and can be measured by observing the inter-speech posture (ISP) of the articulators during the brief pauses between utterances. To determine a given language's ISP, observing bilingual speakers in each of their languages is ideal, so that questionable normalization across different vocal tracts does not have to be done. In this study, four English-Japanese bilinguals of various English proficiencies participated. To this end, we quantitatively tested for the existence of two settings in each bilingual, and the results showed no systematic differences between the tongue ISPs of Japanese and English. We also tried to shed light on the origin of articulatory setting, which is thought to emerge from the configurations of the most frequent phonemes of a language. We qualitatively compared the predicted ISP based on Japanese spoken frequency of occurrence data with the mean measured ISP in Japanese. Ultrasound movies of the tongue were recorded and analyzed, and the results showed that for three participants, the predicted ISP's tongue tip and blade were substantially lower than for the mean measured ISP. The mean measured ISPs also displayed greater variability in English (L2) than in Japanese (L1), much more so in the lower proficiency English speakers.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309251353727"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Phonological Factors in the Processing of Polish Phonotactics. 语音因素在波兰语语音策略加工中的作用。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1177/00238309251327671

Paula Orzechowska, Andrzej Porębski, Marta Nowak

{"title":"The Role of Phonological Factors in the Processing of Polish Phonotactics.","authors":"Paula Orzechowska, Andrzej Porębski, Marta Nowak","doi":"10.1177/00238309251327671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309251327671","url":null,"abstract":"One of the predominant questions asked in phonological research refers to the way in which strings of vowels and consonants are perceived and processed by native speakers. In this paper, we make an attempt at uncovering the mental processes that underlie the online processing of phonotactics in Polish; a language featuring an unusual array of strings of consonants. We report on a reaction time experiment using nonce monosyllables with final consonant clusters and identify phonological factors that determine their acceptability. The factors include cluster (non-)existence in the lexicon of Polish, cluster well-formedness in terms of the universally preferred sonority slope, and the quality of the nuclear vowel. The findings testify to the facilitative role of cluster existence and well-formedness on phonotactic intuitions. That is, universally preferred and existent clusters are easily identified as possible and involve the shortest reaction times. Moreover, we detected a systematic perceptual contribution of vowels, whereby the front-back dimension (rather than sonority-related high-low dimension) seems to facilitate the decision-making process.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309251327671"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceptual Style-Shifting Across Singing and Speech: Music Activates Pop Song English for NZ Listeners. 在歌唱和演讲中感知风格的转变：音乐激活了新西兰听众的流行歌曲英语。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1177/00238309251353527

Andy Gibson, Jennifer Hay

{"title":"Perceptual Style-Shifting Across Singing and Speech: Music Activates Pop Song English for NZ Listeners.","authors":"Andy Gibson, Jennifer Hay","doi":"10.1177/00238309251353527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309251353527","url":null,"abstract":"American singing accents are prevalent in popular music throughout the English-speaking world. Singing with an American-influenced phonological style is a supralocal norm, referred to here as Pop Song English (PSE). This article presents two perception experiments that explore New Zealand (NZ) listeners' speech processing in musical and non-musical contexts. An analysis of the Phonetics of Popular Song corpus provides the foundation for the first experiment, revealing that sung dress and spoken trap have similar values for F1 in NZ. Experiment 1 then examines the categorization of these phonemes for words that fall on a continuum between bed and bad. In Experiment 2, a lexical decision task, NZ listeners hear words and nonwords produced by a New Zealand and an American speaker. In both experiments, results show that listeners are influenced by the presence of music, undergoing a perceptual style-shift. In Experiment 1, their perceptual phoneme boundary shifts to a more open position in the Music condition, and in Experiment 2, they exhibit a facilitation in reaction time to the US voice in the musical compared with the non-musical conditions. PSE is thus not only the norm for singing in NZ, it is also a norm for listening to song, represented in the minds of the general music-listening public. This finding extends our understanding of how speech perception depends on context. Speech and song are two highly distinct and perceptually contrastive contexts of language use, and listeners employ knowledge of how linguistic variation maps onto these contexts to resolve ambiguities in the speech signal.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309251353527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Language Attitudes and Stereotypes Condition the Processing of Contact-Induced Linguistic Variants. 语言态度和刻板印象制约着接触诱发的语言变体的加工。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1177/00238309251353529

Sonia Barnes, Whitney Chappell

{"title":"Language Attitudes and Stereotypes Condition the Processing of Contact-Induced Linguistic Variants.","authors":"Sonia Barnes, Whitney Chappell","doi":"10.1177/00238309251353529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309251353529","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effect of language attitudes and stereotypes on vowel perceptions by two groups of listeners from Asturias, Spain that differ in their relationship with the languages present in their communities: Spanish, the national majority language, and Asturian, the regional minority language. The responses of 165 participants from the Nalón Valley (a mining area in the region) were compared with those of 156 listeners from Gijón (the largest urban area) as they categorized words containing synthesized productions of Spanish [o] and Asturian [u] in a task that combined binary forced-choice identification and visual priming. The results of a mixed-effects regression model reveal that, for the Nalón Valley group, positive attitudes toward Asturian result in higher rates of /u/ selection, while, for the Gijón group, positive attitudes toward Asturian intersect with negative stereotypes about urban Asturians who avoid the regional language. We propose that spreading activation and weighting in exemplar-based models can account for these different findings: the greater use of Asturian in the Nalón Valley results in weaker and more varied links between vowel exemplars and social properties, limiting the effect of visual priming. However, a heavier weight exists between stereotypes of urban Asturians and Spanish exemplars in the city, resulting in a priming effect in Gijón that does not emerge in the Nalón Valley. We conclude that individual experience, attitudes, and stereotypes work together to condition speech perception uniquely in light of the local context.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309251353529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144838531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the Relationship Between L2 Utterance Fluency and Perceived Fluency in Monologic and Dialogic Speaking. 揭示二语话语流畅性与单语和对话语感知流畅性的关系。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1177/00238309251352105

Jianmin Gao, Peijian Paul Sun

{"title":"Unveiling the Relationship Between L2 Utterance Fluency and Perceived Fluency in Monologic and Dialogic Speaking.","authors":"Jianmin Gao, Peijian Paul Sun","doi":"10.1177/00238309251352105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309251352105","url":null,"abstract":"The study explored the relationship between L2 utterance fluency and perceived fluency in monologic and dialogic speaking. A total of 136 Chinese university English learners with diverse L2 proficiency levels and three experienced raters participated in the study. The study employed a mixed-methods approach integrating quantitative (regression analysis) and qualitative (stimulated recalls) analyses. In the monologic task, all utterance fluency dimensions (speed, breakdown, and repair fluency measures) significantly predicted perceived fluency ratings, except for filled pause rate and false start rate. Breakdown fluency measures, particularly silent pause measures, had the most substantial impact on perceived fluency ratings. In the dialogic task, breakdown fluency emerged as the sole significant predictor for perceived fluency scores, overshadowing the predictive impact of speed and repair fluency measures. The temporal measure of turn-taking did not significantly affect perceived fluency scores. Stimulated recalls were generally consistent with the quantitative results and revealed additional factors-content quality, pronunciation, and comprehensibility-that influenced fluency perceptions. The study highlighted the contextual effect on the relationship between utterance fluency and perceived fluency, suggesting that L2 speaking proficiency rating rubrics should be adjusted to account for differences between monologic and dialogic speaking.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309251352105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144838532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Second-Language Acquisition and First-Language Attrition of Speech: The Production of Arabic and English Short Vowels. 第二语言习得与母语言语损耗：阿拉伯语和英语短元音的产生。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-08-10 DOI: 10.1177/00238309251344889

Lisa Kornder, Amirah Saud Alharbi, Anouschka Foltz

引用次数: 0

Systematicity in Variability: English Coda Laterals of English-Malay Bilinguals in Multi-Accent Singapore. 变异中的系统性：新加坡多口音英马来双语者的英语尾语侧音。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/00238309251349201

Jasper Hong Sim, Brechtje Post

{"title":"Systematicity in Variability: English Coda Laterals of English-Malay Bilinguals in Multi-Accent Singapore.","authors":"Jasper Hong Sim, Brechtje Post","doi":"10.1177/00238309251349201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309251349201","url":null,"abstract":"Outcomes of early phonological acquisition in multi-accent contexts can be especially wide-ranging, raising the question of whether children exposed to multiple accents in one community are building the same linguistic systems. This present study investigates the English coda clear laterals in the spontaneous, mother-directed speech of English-Malay early bilingual preschoolers raised in multi-accent Singapore. Previous work has shown that these children were exposed to highly variable input involving three different English coda /l/ variants within and outside of their ethnic community. To elucidate the complex nature of language acquisition in such diverse settings, we examine both individual differences and group behaviors. Our findings reveal that despite the considerable between- and within-child variation, production patterns are generally systematic. Malay children with close Chinese peers, however, exhibited greater variability and unpredictability in their production, revealing word-specific inconsistencies that suggest a restructuring of or instability in their phonological representations. This study underscores the complexity of phonological development in multi-accent contexts and highlights the challenges in predicting the contributors of these variable outcomes.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309251349201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Articulatory and Acoustic Variability in Putonghua Onset /r/. 普通话起音的发音和声学变化/r/。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/00238309251350082

Shan Luo

{"title":"The Articulatory and Acoustic Variability in Putonghua Onset /r/.","authors":"Shan Luo","doi":"10.1177/00238309251350082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309251350082","url":null,"abstract":"The debate about the rhotic sound in Standard Mandarin (i.e., Putonghua) focuses on its articulation as a retroflex and its classification as either a fricative or an approximant. To address these questions, this study examines the syllable-initial r-sound, quantifying tongue contours for the r-phoneme itself and in relation to the retroflex sibilants (i.e., /ʂ, tʂh, tʂ/). Both established and novel articulatory and acoustic measures are employed to assess their effectiveness in distinguishing phonetic contrasts. The ultrasound imaging results reveal that Putonghua onset /r/ is articulated with either a tip-up retroflex or a tip-down bunched tongue posture, specifying both coronal and dorsal gestures. Compared to /ʂ, tʂh, tʂ/, the syllable-initial /r/ is produced with a greater degree of tip-up retroflexion and more pronounced tongue inflections, supported by vertical tongue displacement and discrete Fourier transform measurements. Acoustically, Putonghua /r/ is most often produced without frication and is characterized by low F3, F3F2 distance and zero crossing rates. The results find that even the fricated /r/ variant remains substantially distinct from sibilants both in tongue gestures and acoustic properties. The study argues that this phoneme should be classified as a retroflex approximant, transcribed as [ɻ], rather than a fricative [ʐ]. The results contribute substantial evidence to the limited articulatory corpus and enhance the understanding of the Putonghua rhotic's articulatory-acoustic correspondence, highlighting the importance of contextualizing phonetic variability within the phonology of the language.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309251350082"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sources of Intelligibility of Distant Languages: An Empirical Study. 遥远语言可理解性的来源：一个实证研究。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1177/00238309251345952

Jiří Milička, Anna Marklová, Michal Láznička, Vojtěch Diatka, Hana Bednářová, Jiří Matela, Michal Škrabal

{"title":"Sources of Intelligibility of Distant Languages: An Empirical Study.","authors":"Jiří Milička, Anna Marklová, Michal Láznička, Vojtěch Diatka, Hana Bednářová, Jiří Matela, Michal Škrabal","doi":"10.1177/00238309251345952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309251345952","url":null,"abstract":"Research into iconicity, systematicity, and sound-symbolism has revealed that the connection between linguistic form and meaning is not completely arbitrary. In the present study, native Czech speakers, unfamiliar with Hindi, were presented with a task in which they had to match Hindi words with their corresponding Czech translations. The words were randomly selected from a Hindi corpus. Despite the considerable linguistic gap between the two languages, the analysis showed that the Czech participants were able to accurately discern the meanings of approximately 60% of the Hindi word pairs, surpassing the 50% success rate that would be expected by random guessing alone. This experiment was subsequently replicated using Turkish, Japanese, and Latvian words, demonstrating the robustness of this phenomenon across different languages. In the case of a closer language like Latvian, the success rate reached 80%. However, even a distant language such as Japanese reached the 60% success level. Furthermore, the study explored potential factors influencing intelligibility. Data collected from a total of 1,128 participants found that the phonological similarity of Czech words and their translation, word length alignment, presence of cognates, and the way the trials were presented had a significant effect on the success rate of guessing the correct translation across all four languages. In addition, language-specific effects were identified.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309251345952"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0