Language and Speech最新文献_第10页

Disentangling the Role of Biphone Probability From Neighborhood Density in the Perception of Nonwords. 从邻域密度中析出双音概率在非词感知中的作用

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-09 DOI: 10.1177/00238309231164982

Jeremy Steffman, Megha Sundara

引用次数: 0

Kinect-ing the Dots: Using Motion-Capture Technology to Distinguish Sign Language Linguistic From Gestural Expressions. Kinect-ing the Dots：使用动作捕捉技术区分手语的语言表达和手势表达。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1177/00238309231169502

Rose Stamp, David Cohn, Hagit Hel-Or, Wendy Sandler

{"title":"Kinect-ing the Dots: Using Motion-Capture Technology to Distinguish Sign Language Linguistic From Gestural Expressions.","authors":"Rose Stamp, David Cohn, Hagit Hel-Or, Wendy Sandler","doi":"10.1177/00238309231169502","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309231169502","url":null,"abstract":"Just as vocalization proceeds in a continuous stream in speech, so too do movements of the hands, face, and body in sign languages. Here, we use motion-capture technology to distinguish lexical signs in sign language from other common types of expression in the signing stream. One type of expression is constructed action, the enactment of (aspects of) referents and events by (parts of) the body. Another is classifier constructions, the manual representation of analogue and gradient motions and locations simultaneously with specified referent morphemes. The term signing is commonly used for all of these, but we show that not all visual signals in sign languages are of the same type. In this study of Israeli Sign Language, we use motion capture to show that the motion of lexical signs differs significantly along several kinematic parameters from that of the two other modes of expression: constructed action and the classifier forms. In so doing, we show how motion-capture technology can help to define the universal linguistic category \"word,\" and to distinguish it from the expressive gestural elements that are commonly found across sign languages.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"255-276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9776155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Acoustic and Semantic Enhancements on Perception of Native and Non-Native Speech. 声学和语义增强对母语和非母语语音感知的影响

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-26 DOI: 10.1177/00238309231156615

Misaki Kato, Melissa M Baese-Berk

{"title":"The Effects of Acoustic and Semantic Enhancements on Perception of Native and Non-Native Speech.","authors":"Misaki Kato, Melissa M Baese-Berk","doi":"10.1177/00238309231156615","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309231156615","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has shown that native listeners benefit from clearly produced speech, as well as from predictable semantic context when these enhancements are delivered in native speech. However, it is unclear whether native listeners benefit from acoustic and semantic enhancements differently when listening to other varieties of speech, including non-native speech. The current study examines to what extent native English listeners benefit from acoustic and semantic cues present in native and non-native English speech. Native English listeners transcribed sentence final words that were of different levels of semantic predictability, produced in plain- or clear-speaking styles by Native English talkers and by native Mandarin talkers of higher- and lower-proficiency in English. The perception results demonstrated that listeners benefited from semantic cues in higher- and lower-proficiency talkers' speech (i.e., transcribed speech more accurately), but not from acoustic cues, even though higher-proficiency talkers did make substantial acoustic enhancements from plain to clear speech. The current results suggest that native listeners benefit more robustly from semantic cues than from acoustic cues when those cues are embedded in non-native speech.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"40-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9177266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Violations of Lab-Learned Phonological Patterns Elicit a Late Positive Component. 违反实验室学习的语音模式会引发晚期积极成分。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/00238309231152492

Claire Moore-Cantwell, Joe Pater, Robert Staubs, Benjamin Zobel, Lisa Sanders

引用次数: 0

Gestural Timing Patterns of Nasality in Highly Proficient Spanish Learners of English: Aerodynamic Evidence. 西班牙语高水平英语学习者的鼻音手势定时模式：空气动力学证据

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.1177/00238309231215355

Ander Beristain

{"title":"Gestural Timing Patterns of Nasality in Highly Proficient Spanish Learners of English: Aerodynamic Evidence.","authors":"Ander Beristain","doi":"10.1177/00238309231215355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309231215355","url":null,"abstract":"Segment-to-segment timing overlap between Vowel-Nasal gestures in /VN/ sequences varies cross-linguistically. However, how bilinguals may adjust those timing gestures is still unanswered. Regarding timing strategies in a second language (L2), research finds that native (L1) strategies can be partially transferred to the L2, and that higher L2 proficiency promotes a more successful phonetic performance. My goal is to answer whether bilingual speakers can adjust their L1 coarticulatory settings in their L2 and to observe whether their L2 accentedness plays a role in ultimate attainment. Ten native speakers of Spanish (L1Sp) who were highly proficient L2 English speakers participated in Spanish and English read-aloud tasks. A control group of 16 L1 English speakers undertook the English experiment. Aerodynamic data were collected using pressure transducers. Each participant produced tokens with nasalized vowels in CVN# words and oral vowels in CV(CV) words. Four linguistically trained judges (two per target language) evaluated a set of pseudo-randomized sentences produced by the participants containing words with nasalized vowels and rated the speech on a 1 (heavily accented) to 9 (native-like) Likert-type scale. Measurements for onset and degree of overall nasality were obtained. Results indicate the L1Sp group can accommodate gestural timing strategies cross-linguistically as they exhibit an earlier nasality onset and increment nasality proportion in L2 English in a native-like manner. In addition, a positive correlation between greater vowel nasality degree and native-like accentedness in the L2 was found, suggesting L2 timing settings might be specified in higher spoken proficiency levels.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309231215355"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139059054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Task Effects in Irony Comprehension in English as a Foreign Language. 任务效应在外语英语反语理解中的作用。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.1177/00238309221127029

Katarzyna Bromberek-Dyzman, Joanna Kowalik, Anna Pękacz

{"title":"Task Effects in Irony Comprehension in English as a Foreign Language.","authors":"Katarzyna Bromberek-Dyzman, Joanna Kowalik, Anna Pękacz","doi":"10.1177/00238309221127029","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309221127029","url":null,"abstract":"Irony comprehension involves understanding implicit attitudes communicated on top of the explicit, literal meaning. Because of the double-binding stemming from the explicit-implicit incongruity, irony is assumed to be cognitively taxing when communicated in the native language (NL), and even more so in the foreign language (FL). Prior studies investigating irony comprehension in the FL indicated that irony may be processed with similar speed and accuracy in the foreign and the native language, and that irony comprehension efficiency in the former might be lower. Building on these findings, this study investigates if the tasks participants perform when reading irony in their FL affect the efficiency of irony comprehension. We invited 150 advanced Polish users of English to take part in one of two tasks. Participants were asked to read 3- to 5-sentence-long-scenarios, ending in literal (Literal Praise, Literal Criticism) or ironic comments (Ironic Praise, Ironic Criticism) and to either (1) make true/false judgments (T/F task; N = 83), or to (2) judge the emotional value in emotive decision task (EDT; N = 67). A full spectrum of verbal irony employed to communicate ironic praise and criticism, and their literal equivalents: literal praise and literal criticism, was tested. A three-way mixed ANOVA with 2× Valence (Praise, Criticism), 2× Mode (Literal, Ironic) as within-subject repeated-measures, and 2× Task (True/False, Emotive Decision) as a between-subject independent measure, revealed that efficiency of irony comprehension was differently modified by the two tasks. Therefore, we argue that irony comprehension in English as a foreign language is task-constrained.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"833-850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10666523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10361246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationships Between Acoustic Characteristics and Intelligibility Scores: A Reanalysis of Japanese Speakers' Productions of American English Liquids. 声学特征与可懂度得分之间的关系：重新分析日本人对美式英语液体的发音。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-21 DOI: 10.1177/00238309221140910

Katsura Aoyama, Lingzi Hong, James E Flege, Reiko Akahane-Yamada, Tsuneo Yamada

{"title":"Relationships Between Acoustic Characteristics and Intelligibility Scores: A Reanalysis of Japanese Speakers' Productions of American English Liquids.","authors":"Katsura Aoyama, Lingzi Hong, James E Flege, Reiko Akahane-Yamada, Tsuneo Yamada","doi":"10.1177/00238309221140910","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309221140910","url":null,"abstract":"The primary purpose of this research report was to investigate the relationships between acoustic characteristics and perceived intelligibility for native Japanese speakers' productions of American English liquids. This report was based on a reanalysis of intelligibility scores and acoustic analyses that were reported in two previous studies. We examined which acoustic parameters were associated with higher perceived intelligibility scores for their productions of /l/ and /ɹ/ in American English, and whether Japanese speakers' productions of the two liquids were acoustically differentiated from each other. Results demonstrated that the second formant (F2) was strongly correlated with the perceived intelligibility scores for the Japanese adults' productions. Results also demonstrated that the Japanese adults' and children's productions of /l/ and /ɹ/ were indeed differentiated by some acoustic parameters including the third formant (F3). In addition, some changes occurred in the Japanese children's productions over the course of 1 year. Overall, the present report shows that Japanese speakers of American English may be making a distinction between /l/ and /ɹ/ in production, although the distinctions are made in a different way compared with native English speakers' productions. These findings have implications for setting realistic goals for improving intelligibility of English /l/ and /ɹ/ for Japanese speakers, as well as theoretical advancement of second-language speech learning.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"1030-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9103813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sociophonetic Investigation of the Spanish Alveolar Trill /r/ in Two Canonical-Trill Varieties. 两个典型颤音变体中西班牙语齿龈颤音/r/的社会语音学研究

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-27 DOI: 10.1177/00238309221137326

Nicholas Henriksen, Shayna Greenley, Amber Galvano

{"title":"Sociophonetic Investigation of the Spanish Alveolar Trill /r/ in Two Canonical-Trill Varieties.","authors":"Nicholas Henriksen, Shayna Greenley, Amber Galvano","doi":"10.1177/00238309221137326","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309221137326","url":null,"abstract":"The \"hyper-variation\" present in rhotic sounds makes them particularly apt for sociophonetic research. This paper investigates the variable realization of the voiced alveolar-trill phoneme /r/ through an acoustic analysis of unscripted speech produced by 80 speakers of Spanish. Although the most common phonetic variant of /r/ contained two lingual constrictions, we find substantial inter-speaker variation in our data, ranging from zero to five lingual contacts. The results demonstrate that the variation in Spanish results from a systematic interaction of factors, deriving from well-documented processes of consonantal lenition (e.g., weakening in unstressed syllables) in addition to processes inherent to the trill's articulation (e.g., high-vowel antagonism). Importantly, speaker sex displayed the strongest effect among all the predictors, which leads us to consider the role of sociolinguistic factors, in addition to possible biomechanical differences, on /r/ production. We contextualize the findings within a literature that theorizes rhotic consonants as a single class of sounds despite remarkable patterns of cross-language and speaker-specific variation.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"896-934"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10805610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Speaking Rate, Oro-Laryngeal Timing, and Place of Articulation Effects on Burst Amplitude: Evidence From English and Tamil. 语速、口喉时机和发音位置对爆发幅度的影响:来自英语和泰米尔语的证据。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-08 DOI: 10.1177/00238309221133836

Chandan R Narayan

{"title":"Speaking Rate, Oro-Laryngeal Timing, and Place of Articulation Effects on Burst Amplitude: Evidence From English and Tamil.","authors":"Chandan R Narayan","doi":"10.1177/00238309221133836","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309221133836","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between speaking rate and burst amplitude was investigated in plosives with differing oro-laryngeal timing: long-lag voice-onset time (VOT) (North American English) and short-lag VOT (Indian Tamil). Burst amplitude (reflecting both intraoral pressure and flow geometry of the oral channel) was hypothesized to decrease in pre-vocalic plosive syllables with the increase in speaking rate, which imposes temporal constraints on both intraoral pressure buildup behind the oral occlusion and respiratory air flow. The results showed that decreased vowel duration (which is associated with increased speaking rate) led to decreased burst amplitude in both short- and long-lag plosives. Aggregate models of bilabial and velar plosives (found in both languages) suggested lower burst amplitudes in short-lag stops. Place-of-articulation effects in both languages were consistent with models of stop consonant acoustics, and place interactions with vowel duration were most apparent with long-lag English stops. The results are discussed in terms of speaking rate and language-internal forces, contributing to burst amplitude variation and their implications for speech perception and potential to affect lenition phenomena.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"851-869"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10666501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10369671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Reanalysis of the Voicing Effect in English: With Implications for Featural Specification. 重新分析英语中的语音效应：对特征规范的影响。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.1177/00238309221142526

Rebecca L Morley, Bridget J Smith

{"title":"A Reanalysis of the Voicing Effect in English: With Implications for Featural Specification.","authors":"Rebecca L Morley, Bridget J Smith","doi":"10.1177/00238309221142526","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309221142526","url":null,"abstract":"The voicing effect is among the most studied and robust of phonetic phenomena. Yet there remains a lack of consensus on why vowels preceding voiced obstruents should be longer than vowels preceding voiceless obstruents. In this paper we provide an analysis of the voicing effect in a corpus of natural speech, and using production data from a metronome-timed word repetition study. From this evidence, as well as the existing literature, we conclude that vowel duration differences follow from consonant duration differences. The characteristic voicing effect in English is largely limited to words of especially long duration, and preceding vowel duration does not reliably cue obstruent voicing under the following circumstances: when obstruent voicing or duration cues conflict; for lax or unstressed vowels; and for most conversational speech. We show that this behavior can be modeled using a competing-constraints framework, where all segments resist expanding or compressing past a preferred duration. Inherent segment elasticity determines the degree of resistance, but segment duration is ultimately determined by the interaction of these segmental constraints with constraints on the distribution of the lengthening force within the syllable, and how closely target durations are matched. This account of the voicing effect has a number of implications for phonological theory, especially the central role that the concept of prominence plays in the analysis of underlying features.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"935-973"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10511687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0