Language and Speech最新文献_第9页

Phrasal Synchronization of Gesture With Prosody and Information Structure. 手势与前奏和信息结构的句式同步。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/00238309231185308

Olcay Türk, Sasha Calhoun

{"title":"Phrasal Synchronization of Gesture With Prosody and Information Structure.","authors":"Olcay Türk, Sasha Calhoun","doi":"10.1177/00238309231185308","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309231185308","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the synchronization of manual gestures with prosody and information structure using Turkish natural speech data. Prosody has long been linked to gesture as a key driver of gesture-speech synchronization. Gesture has a hierarchical phrasal structure similar to prosody. At the lowest level, gesture has been shown to be synchronized with prosody (e.g., apexes and pitch accents). However, less is known about higher levels. Even less is known about timing relationships with information structure, though this is signaled by prosody and linked to gesture. The present study analyzed phrase synchronization in 3 hr of narrations in Turkish annotated for gesture, prosody, and information structure-topics and foci. The analysis of 515 gesture phrases showed that there was no one-to-one synchronization with intermediate phrases, but their onsets and offsets were synchronized. Moreover, information structural units, topics, and foci were closely synchronized with gesture phrase medial stroke + post-hold combinations (i.e., apical areas). In addition, iconic and metaphoric gestures were more likely to be paired with foci, and deictics with topics. Overall, the results confirm synchronization of gesture and prosody at the phrasal level and provide evidence that gesture shows a direct sensitivity to information structure. These show that speech and gesture production are more connected than assumed in existing production models.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"702-743"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9898329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Distributional Restrictions in Speech Perception: A Case Study From Korean and Taiwanese Southern Min. 分配限制对语音感知的影响：韩国和台湾闽南语个案研究

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1177/00238309231195263

Jiwon Hwang, Yu-An Lu

{"title":"The Effect of Distributional Restrictions in Speech Perception: A Case Study From Korean and Taiwanese Southern Min.","authors":"Jiwon Hwang, Yu-An Lu","doi":"10.1177/00238309231195263","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309231195263","url":null,"abstract":"In Korean, voiced oral stops can occur intervocalically as allophones of their voiceless lenis counterparts; they can also occur initially as variants of nasal stops as a result of initial denasalization (e.g., /motu/→[bodu] \"all\"). However, neither [ŋ] nor [ɡ] (the denasalized variant of the velar nasal) is allowed in the initial position due to the phonotactic restriction against initial [ŋ] in Korean. Given the distribution of nasal and voiced stops in Korean, this study draws on the idea of cue informativeness, exploring (a) whether Korean listeners' attention to nasality and voicing cues is based on the distributional characteristics of nasal and voiced stops, and (b) whether their attention can be generalized across different places of articulation without such linguistic experience. In a forced-choice identification experiment, Korean listeners were more likely than Taiwanese listeners to perceive items on the voiced oral-to-nasal stop continua as nasal when they occurred in the initial position than in the intervocalic position, with the exception of velar stops. The results demonstrate that the Korean listeners attended to the nasality cue more reliably in the medial position than in the initial position, since the nasality cue in this position is less informative due to initial denasalization. Two additional forced-choice identification experiments suggested that upon hearing initial velar nasal [ŋ], Korean listeners variably employed different perceptual strategies (i.e., vowel insertion and place change) to repair the phonotactic illegality. These findings provide support for exemplar models of speech perception in which cue attention is specific to the position of a word, and to segments rather than to features.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"744-771"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10591760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Articulatory and Acoustic Representation of Second-Language French Vowels. 第二语言法语元音的发音和声学表征。

IF 1.1 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/00238309241259748

Madeleine Oakley

{"title":"The Articulatory and Acoustic Representation of Second-Language French Vowels.","authors":"Madeleine Oakley","doi":"10.1177/00238309241259748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309241259748","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how L1 English-L2 French learners use L1 articulatory and acoustic categories to produce L2 vowels that are both similar to and different from their L1 vowels. Previous studies examining the relationship between L1 and L2 sound inventories have found that learners reuse L1 phone categories to produce L2 phones that are perceived as similar, but importantly, there is a lack of articulatory data included in these types of studies, which has reinforced the assumption that vowel categories can be solely represented by their acoustic properties. The present study uses ultrasound tongue imaging data and videos of lip rounding in addition to acoustic data to examine how L1 English-L2 French learners produce the French vowels /i y u e ø o/ compared with their English vowels /i u e o/. The results focus on individual paths to category formation to show how learners articulate L2 vowels, and reveal that they tend to reuse L1 tongue body gestures to produce the French vowels /i u e o/, and lip rounding gestures to produce the round vowels /y u o/. This study demonstrates that transfer of articulatory gestures depends on vowel quality and emphasizes the importance of using articulatory data to inform theories of L2 category formation.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309241259748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phonetic Accommodation on the Segmental and the Suprasegmental Level of Speech in Native-Non-Native Collaborative Tasks. 母语与非母语合作任务中语音的音段和超音段层次上的语音适应。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-20 DOI: 10.1177/00238309211050094

Christiane Ulbrich

{"title":"Phonetic Accommodation on the Segmental and the Suprasegmental Level of Speech in Native-Non-Native Collaborative Tasks.","authors":"Christiane Ulbrich","doi":"10.1177/00238309211050094","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309211050094","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the investigation and analysis of speech accommodation effects in data obtained from Spanish learners of German with varying proficiency levels. The production data were recorded during a collaborative map task of the Spanish learners of German among each other and with a native speaker of German. The map task was designed to target words and phrases with specific segmental and suprasegmental characteristics. These characteristics were derived from contrastive analyses of Spanish and German. The main objectives of the paper were to investigate whether segmental and suprasegmental characteristics of the target language German are affected by phonetic accommodation to varying degrees and whether these differences depend on the proficiency level of the speaker or the interlocutor. The statistical analysis, using regression analyses, revealed inconsistent accommodation effects across learners of different proficiency levels as well as different linguistic phenomena. In line with previous findings the results can best be accounted for by an adaptation of a dynamic system approach.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"346-372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11141108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9213903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intonational and Syntactic Innovations in a Language Contact Situation: An Explorative Study of Yes/No Questions in Paraguayan Guarani-Spanish Bilinguals. 语言接触情境下的语调和句法创新：巴拉圭-瓜拉尼-西班牙语双语者是/否问题的探索性研究。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/00238309221082940

Andrea Pešková

{"title":"Intonational and Syntactic Innovations in a Language Contact Situation: An Explorative Study of Yes/No Questions in Paraguayan Guarani-Spanish Bilinguals.","authors":"Andrea Pešková","doi":"10.1177/00238309221082940","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309221082940","url":null,"abstract":"Whereas the intonation of Spanish varieties has received considerable attention in the past few decades, the research has so far not included the variety of Spanish spoken in Paraguay, where intensive language contact between the Indigenous Guarani language and Spanish since the 16th century has led to widespread bilingualism. This study compares the F0 patterns of yes/no questions in Guarani-dominant bilinguals with those of Spanish-dominant bilinguals and Spanish monolinguals, formalized within the Autosegmental-Metrical model of intonation phonology. Results show no particular differences between the three groups, with all groups producing an H+L*LH% pattern in all types of yes/no questions, the exception being counter-expectational and echo yes/no questions, which were also realized with an L+¡H* L% contour. In spite of the fact that Guarani-dominant bilinguals exhibited more tonal variation in biased yes/no questions, the findings appear on the whole to support the convergence of two intonational systems due to the long period of contact. Furthermore, both bilingual groups made use of Guarani question particles and other Guarani expressions in their productions. Interestingly, across all groups, some speakers occasionally used the calque expression ¿Será que . . . (\"Will it be that . . .?\") at the beginning of questions; this construction can be considered to have become grammaticalized as a question particle. Taken together, the intonational and syntactic innovations apparent in Paraguayan Spanish point toward language change brought about by intensive contact with Guarani and show how two levels of linguistic structure-intonation and syntax-may evolve differently.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":"1 1","pages":"561-589"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48134519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Echoes of Past Contact: Venetian Influence on Cretan Greek Intonation. 过去接触的回声：威尼斯人对克里特希腊语调的影响。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.1177/00238309221091939

Mary Baltazani, John Coleman, Elisa Passoni, Joanna Przedlacka

{"title":"Echoes of Past Contact: Venetian Influence on Cretan Greek Intonation.","authors":"Mary Baltazani, John Coleman, Elisa Passoni, Joanna Przedlacka","doi":"10.1177/00238309221091939","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309221091939","url":null,"abstract":"Prosodic aspects of cross-linguistic contact are under-researched, especially past contact that has subsequently ceased. In this paper, we investigate declarative and polar question tunes of contemporary Cretan Greek, a regional variety of Greek whose speakers were in contact with Venetian speakers during the four and half centuries of Venetian rule on the island, from 1204 to 1669. The F0 contours of the Cretan tunes and alignment of peaks and troughs of interest with the nuclear vowel are compared to the corresponding tunes in Venetian dialect and Venetian Italian and to those in Athenian (Standard) Greek, which are used as control. The data (1610 declarative utterances and 698 polar questions) were drawn from natural speech corpora based on pragmatic criteria: broad focus for declaratives, broad focus, and information-seeking interpretation for polar questions. The pitch contour shapes of the tunes are modeled using polynomial basis functions, and the F0 alignment points are determined analytically. The results show the robustness of contact effects almost three and a half centuries after regular contact ceased and indicate that the shapes of the F0 contours of Cretan and Venetian declarative and polar question tunes are similar. In addition, Cretan alignment patterns are similar to Venetian and significantly different from Athenian. Insights are gained from research into how long prosodic characteristics may persist in a recipient language-decades or even centuries after the cessation of contact.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":"1 1","pages":"528-560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11141085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46450292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.1177/00238309231182967

Grace Wenling Cao

{"title":"Phonetic Dissimilarity and L2 Category Formation in L2 Accommodation.","authors":"Grace Wenling Cao","doi":"10.1177/00238309231182967","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309231182967","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies of speech accommodation focus on native speakers with different dialects, whereas only a limited number of studies work on L2 speakers' accommodation and discuss theories for second language (L2) accommodation. This paper aimed to fill the theoretical gap by integrating the revised speech learning model (SLM) with the exemplar-based models for L2 speech accommodation. A total of 19 Cantonese-English bilingual speakers completed map tasks with English speakers of Received Pronunciation and General American English in two separate experiments. Their pronunciations of THOUGHT and PATH vowels, and fricatives [z] and [θ] were examined before, during, and after the map tasks. The role of phonetic dissimilarity in L2 accommodation and L2 category formation in the revised SLM (SLM-r) were tested. First, the results suggested that global phonetic dissimilarity cannot predict Hong Kong English (HKE) speakers' accommodation patterns. Instead, the segment-specific phonetic dissimilarity between participants and interlocutors was found to be positively correlated with the participants' degree of accommodation. In addition, HKE speakers who did not form a new L2 category of [z] were found to significantly accommodate toward their interlocutor, suggesting that L2 accommodation might not be constrained by phonological category. An integrated exemplar model for L2 accommodation is proposed to explain these findings.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"301-345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9911349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Language Contact Within the Speaker: Phonetic Variation and Crosslinguistic Influence. 说话者内部的语言接触：语音变异和跨语言影响

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.1177/00238309231182592

Khia A Johnson, Molly Babel

{"title":"Language Contact Within the Speaker: Phonetic Variation and Crosslinguistic Influence.","authors":"Khia A Johnson, Molly Babel","doi":"10.1177/00238309231182592","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309231182592","url":null,"abstract":"A recent model of sound change posits that the direction of change is determined, at least in part, by the distribution of variation within speech communities. We explore this model in the context of bilingual speech, asking whether the less variable language constrains phonetic variation in the more variable language, using a corpus of spontaneous speech from early Cantonese-English bilinguals. As predicted, given the phonetic distributions of stop obstruents in Cantonese compared with English, intervocalic English /b d g/ were produced with less voicing for Cantonese-English bilinguals and word-final English /t k/ were more likely to be unreleased compared with spontaneous speech from two monolingual English control corpora. Whereas voicing initial obstruents can be gradient in Cantonese, the release of final obstruents is prohibited. Neither Cantonese-English bilingual initial voicing nor word-final stop release patterns were significantly impacted by language mode. These results provide evidence that the phonetic variation in crosslinguistically linked categories in bilingual speech is shaped by the distribution of phonetic variation within each language, thus suggesting a mechanistic account for why some segments are more susceptible to cross-language influence than others.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"401-437"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11141110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9952368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Language-Specificity of Phonetic Adaptation to Talkers. 语音适应说话者的语言特异性。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/00238309231214244

Anne Cutler, L Ann Burchfield, Mark Antoniou

{"title":"The Language-Specificity of Phonetic Adaptation to Talkers.","authors":"Anne Cutler, L Ann Burchfield, Mark Antoniou","doi":"10.1177/00238309231214244","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309231214244","url":null,"abstract":"Listeners adapt efficiently to new talkers by using lexical knowledge to resolve perceptual uncertainty. This adaptation has been widely observed, both in first (L1) and in second languages (L2). Here, adaptation was tested in both the L1 and L2 of speakers of Mandarin and English, two very dissimilar languages. A sound midway between /f/ and /s/ replacing either /f/ or /s/ in Mandarin words presented for lexical decision (e.g., bu4fa3 \"illegal\"; kuan1song1 \"loose\") prompted the expected adaptation; it induced an expanded /f/ category in phoneme categorization when it had replaced /f/, but an expanded /s/ category when it had replaced /s/. Both L1 listeners and English-native listeners with L2 Mandarin showed this effect. In English, however (with e.g., traffic; insane), we observed adaptation in L1 but not in L2; Mandarin-native listeners, despite scoring highly in the English lexical decision training, did not adapt their category boundaries for /f/ and /s/. Whether the ambiguous sound appeared syllable-initially (as in Mandarin phonology) versus word-finally (providing more word identity information) made no difference. Perceptual learning for talker adaptation is language-specific in that successful lexically guided adaptation in one language does not guarantee adaptation in other known languages; the enabling conditions for adaptation may be multiple and diverse.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"373-400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11141103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138489080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accommodation and Language Contact. 然而，语言接触的文献研究。

IF 1.8 2区文学

Language and Speech Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1177/00238309241246200

Barbara Gili Fivela, Cinzia Avesani

{"title":"Accommodation and Language Contact.","authors":"Barbara Gili Fivela, Cinzia Avesani","doi":"10.1177/00238309241246200","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00238309241246200","url":null,"abstract":"The paper introduces the Special Issue on Language Contact and Speaker Accommodation, which originates from the conference Phonetics and Phonology in Europe (PaPE) held at the University of Lecce, Italy, in 2019. It discusses the topics of language contact and speaker accommodation, summarizing the contributions included in the Special Issue, and arguing explicitly in favour of a unitary view of how both temporary and stable changes happen in (part of) the linguistic systems. Accommodation is seen as the same gradual and non-homogeneous process at play in different contact settings. In the introductory sections, a discussion is offered on various situations in which linguistic systems are in contact and on the main factors that may be at play; the following sections offer an overview of the papers included in the Special Issue, which focus on accommodation in L2 and heritage speakers as well as on the time dimension of dialect or language societal contact. Finally, accommodation is discussed as the same process that is at work in any interaction, that may modify temporarily or long-term the system of L2 learners and bilinguals (e.g., immigrants), that usually affects in the long-term the heritage speakers' system, and that only in the long term can lead to language changes involving entire communities.","PeriodicalId":51255,"journal":{"name":"Language and Speech","volume":" ","pages":"238309241246200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140959894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0