Journal of Diabetes Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Long-term remission of type B insulin resistance syndrome with immunotherapy: A case report","authors":"Erika Egawa,&nbsp;Rei Karasawa,&nbsp;Yuka Kageyama,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Takaya","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70225","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70225","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report long-term remission in a patient with type B insulin resistance achieved with a combination of immunotherapies. A 55-year-old Japanese man presented with nocturnal hypoglycemia and cytopenia. He also had postprandial hyperglycemia due to severe insulin resistance, which was difficult to manage using high-dose insulin and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1. Serological testing showed type B insulin resistance syndrome associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Glucocorticoids and mycophenolate/azathioprine combination therapy were introduced, resulting in a prompt improvement in glycemic control. The patient has remained in clinical and serological remission for 8 years. Over the past year, he achieved euglycemia with azathioprine monotherapy, without the need for insulin or oral antiglycemic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"17 3","pages":"542-545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145831728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of diabetes mellitus and grip strength on postoperative outcomes in older patients undergoing cancer surgery: A single-center retrospective cohort study","authors":"Taku Fujimoto,&nbsp;Kie Uchikawa,&nbsp;Hiroshi Akasaka,&nbsp;Yukiko Yasunobe,&nbsp;Shino Yoshida,&nbsp;Yuri Onishi,&nbsp;Tomohiro Minami,&nbsp;Yuki Asada,&nbsp;Masaaki Isaka,&nbsp;Ken Sugimoto,&nbsp;Kotaro Yamashita,&nbsp;Norikatsu Miyoshi,&nbsp;Takehiro Noda,&nbsp;Hirofumi Akita,&nbsp;Mamoru Uemura,&nbsp;Yukinori Kurokawa,&nbsp;Hidetoshi Eguchi,&nbsp;Yuichiro Doki,&nbsp;Hiroshi Koriyama,&nbsp;Koichi Yamamoto","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70224","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70224","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases postoperative risks and may worsen physical function through muscle loss. Patients undergoing malignancies surgery are aging, and age-related declines in physical function, particularly sarcopenia, also adversely affects outcomes. As DM and physical decline are interrelated, we aimed to examine how they impact outcomes in older patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This single-center retrospective cohort study included 1,063 older patients ≥65 years who underwent preoperative evaluation for gastrointestinal cancer between 2012 and 2019. We stratified patients based on current DM and physical function assessed by grip strength. The main outcome was postoperative survival. Cox proportional hazards models examined associated factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After exclusions, 655 without DM (non-DM group) and 257 patients with DM (DM group) were analyzed (mean age: 79.1 ± 4.1 years, 66.8% male). Compared with the non-DM group, the DM group had higher body mass index (21.5 vs 22.6 kg/m²), higher cardiovascular disease prevalence (26.9 vs 41.2%), and more frequent weak grip strength (53.9 vs 65.8%). Postoperative survival analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups (<i>P</i> = 0.651). Multivariate analysis showed current DM was not an independent risk factor, whereas grip strength remained significantly associated with poor outcomes (HR 0.97 95% CI 0.95–1.00), and no significant interactions were found (<i>P</i> = 0.656).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current DM did not significantly affect postoperative outcomes; however, lower grip strength was an independent risk factor for poor outcomes. The prognostic impact of reduced physical function was consistent regardless of DM status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"17 3","pages":"510-518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linderalactone mitigates diabetic renal injury by inhibiting macrophage inflammation via the Dectin1/Syk/CARD9/IRF5/NF-κB pathway","authors":"Hao Chen,&nbsp;Sheng Xu,&nbsp;Bingrong Chen,&nbsp;Xishan Xiong,&nbsp;Jinrui Hu,&nbsp;Yuhong Wu,&nbsp;Tianrui Wang,&nbsp;Huishang Wang","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70222","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70222","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inflammation plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Linderalactone (LNL), as a natural sesquiterpene lactone, has been discovered to have anti-inflammatory activation. However, the effects of linderalactone on diabetes-associated renal damage remain unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the effects of LNL on renal function and inflammation in diabetic mice. Renal function, collagen deposition, and fibrosis were assessed. RNA-sequencing was performed to identify molecular pathways affected by LNL. The Dectin1-related pathway was analyzed in kidney tissues and RAW264.7 cells. Dectin1-deficient and Dectin1-overexpressing models were used to confirm the mechanism of LNL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LNL improved renal function, reduced collagen deposition and fibrosis in diabetic mice without affecting blood glucose levels. RNA-sequencing revealed that LNL primarily impacted the Dectin1 pathway. It inhibited the Dectin1/Syk/CARD9/IRF5/NF-κB pathway, reduced macrophage and neutrophil infiltration, and suppressed inflammatory cytokine expression. Dectin1 knockdown mimicked these effects, while Dectin1 overexpression reversed them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LNL alleviates DN via suppression of macrophage inflammation by mediating the Dectin1/Syk/CARD9/IRF5/NF-κB signaling pathway, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for diabetes-associated renal injury.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"17 3","pages":"395-410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145931733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of probiotics (Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease complicated by constipation: An exploratory, multicenter, open-label, single-arm study (BIRDIE study)","authors":"Fuki Ikeda,&nbsp;Junko Sato,&nbsp;Hidenori Yoshii,&nbsp;Masahiro Sugawara,&nbsp;Hiroaki Satoh,&nbsp;Yukiko Sugawara,&nbsp;Hirotsugu Uzawa,&nbsp;Daisuke Sugimoto,&nbsp;Reina Muto,&nbsp;Yuya Nishida,&nbsp;Hirotaka Watada","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70236","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70236","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although constipation is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, evidence for its treatment in these patients remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of <i>Bifidobacterium bifidum</i> for constipation in these patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this multicenter, open-label, single-arm trial, 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease complicated by constipation were administered <i>Bifidobacterium bifidum</i> G9-1 for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with normal stool form (Bristol Scale score ≥3.5 to &lt;4.5). Secondary endpoints included stool form, defecation frequency, and quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proportion of patients with normal stool form at week 12 (44.8%; 13 patients) was significantly higher than that at baseline (3.3%; 1 patient; <i>P</i> = 0.002). The median Bristol score significantly increased from baseline by 0.6 at week 6 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and 0.5 at week 12 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Defecation frequency significantly increased by 0.2 ± 0.4 from baseline to week 6 (<i>P</i> = 0.026). The total constipation, abdominal pain, and indigestion scores on the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale significantly decreased. Abdominal symptoms, including straining, feelings of incomplete evacuation, bloating, and discomfort, significantly decreased. Glycated hemoglobin and the estimated glomerular filtration rate did not change significantly, whereas urinary albumin levels significantly decreased at week 6.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Bifidobacterium bifidum</i> improved stool form, defecation frequency, and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease complicated by constipation, without worsening glycemic control and renal function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"17 3","pages":"470-482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145931623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling A-β+ ketosis-prone diabetes: An evolving diagnosis with an elusive pathogenesis","authors":"Nina Suda,&nbsp;Gabrielle Page-Wilson,&nbsp;Jacqueline Lonier,&nbsp;Utpal B. Pajvani","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70239","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70239","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since the discovery of insulin over a century ago, how we conceptualize, describe and treat diabetes has evolved, paving the way for the identification of distinct diabetes subgroups and individualized treatment options. Historically, the term ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD) has comprised a group of diabetes syndromes characterized by severe pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, but lacking the autoimmunity and irreversibility that underlies type 1 diabetes (T1D). Similarly, the defining feature of KPD—diabetic ketoacidosis—is uncharacteristic of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Initially, it was thought to be unique to Black populations, which led to early etiologic investigations narrowly focused on monogenic causes. However, it is now recognized that KPD occurs in diverse racial and ethnic groups and may be provoked by infection, leading to an expanded view of its pathogenesis. Here, we review these updated mechanistic views, highlight novel research tools being deployed to advance our understanding of KPD, and discuss implications of these data to inform our views on β-cell biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"17 3","pages":"381-391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146002767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The causal effects of hypothyroidism on cardiovascular disease: Bidirectional and multivariable Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Xuan Bai,&nbsp;Mengyi Sun,&nbsp;Xu Han","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70237","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70237","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whether hypothyroidism and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are causally related remains ambiguous. A bidirectional and multivariable two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach was employed to elucidate these associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were obtained from the IEU Open GWAS project. For the MR estimates, inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode were utilized to assess the causal relationships. Multivariate MR (MVMR) analyses were conducted to explore the direct effects. A series of sensitivity analyses was used to ensure the robustness of our findings. All analyses were replicated in the validation samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher genetically predicted hypothyroidism was causally associated with increased the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD, OR = 3.220, 95% CI = 1.082–9.583, <i>P</i> = 0.036), myocardial infarction (MI, OR = 3.430, 95% CI = 1.088–10.819, <i>P</i> = 0.035) and peripheral atherosclerosis (PAS, OR = 31.852, 95% CI = 5.987–169.457, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Reversely, CAD (OR = 1.005, 95% CI = 1.001–1.009, <i>P</i> = 0.02) and MI (OR = 1.006, 95% CI = 1.002–1.011, <i>P</i> = 0.004) may be more likely to promote the onset of hypothyroidism. Moreover, no significant causal effects of hypothyroidism on heart failure (HF) and small vessel stroke (SVS) were observed in the discovery samples. However, in the validation samples, hypothyroidism was found to be causally associated with HF (OR = 1.429, 95% CI = 1.240–1.647, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and SVS (OR = 7.297, 95% CI = 1.440–36.984, <i>P</i> = 0.016). For the reverse MR from PAS, HF, and SVS to hypothyroidism, no significant causal associations were identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reveals suggestive evidence of the bidirectional causal associations between hypothyroidism and CAD and MI. Moreover, hypothyroidism may increase the risk of PAS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"17 3","pages":"499-509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146002756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increase in soluble RAGE following intensive insulin therapy is associated with β-cell functional improvement and glycemic remission in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes","authors":"Qimou Chen,&nbsp;Fang Wei,&nbsp;Jiajing Ma,&nbsp;Xuhui Li,&nbsp;Boyuan Liu,&nbsp;Yanbing Li","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70250","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70250","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the dynamic changes of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and its relationship with β-cell function and glycemic remission in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after short-term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 98 drug-naive patients with newly diagnosed T2DM underwent a two-week SIIT and were followed for 16 weeks. Serum sRAGE was measured at baseline, after SIIT, and at the 1-month follow-up. HOMA-β and HOMA-IR were used to reflect β-cell function and insulin resistance, respectively. Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients were used to assess the correlations, and logistic regression was applied to evaluate associations between changes in sRAGE (ΔsRAGE) and 16-week glycemic remission, adjusting for potential confounders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>sRAGE levels increased significantly after SIIT (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and remained higher at 1 month. The increase in sRAGE after SIIT was positively correlated with the changes in HOMA-β and negatively correlated with changes in HOMA-IR. Participants who achieved glycemic remission had greater ΔsRAGE after SIIT than those who did not (273.9 ± 268.2 vs 76.7 ± 257.7 pg/mL, <i>P</i> = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, ΔsRAGE was independently associated with remission (OR = 1.228 per 100 pg/mL, 95% CI 1.006–1.500, <i>P</i> = 0.044), and the AUC of this model was 0.783 (95% CI 0.690–0.876).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevation of sRAGE after SIIT is independently associated with short-term glycemic remission in newly diagnosed T2DM. The increase in sRAGE accompanied by an improvement in β-cell function, suggests that increased sRAGE may reflect a compensatory response during metabolic recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"17 3","pages":"439-447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146058283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remnant cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is a new powerful tool for identifying diabetic kidney disease","authors":"Jiale Zhang,&nbsp;Shuping Zhou,&nbsp;Haojie Zhang,&nbsp;Jiang Liu","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70249","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70249","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Remnant cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (RHR) has been identified as a reliable predictor for metabolic disease risk. Nevertheless, its relevance in the context of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains unexplored. Therefore, this study seeks to explore the association between the risk of DKD and RHR in individuals with T2DM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cross-sectional study, 2,958 patients diagnosed, as T2DM admitted to the hospital from 2018 to 2023 were assessed. The analysis was conducted through restricted cubic spline (RCS) and logistic regression methodologies, complemented by additional stratified and interaction analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As the quartiles of RHR increase, there is a notable increase in the prevalence of DKD, with the rates of 39.6%, 44.5%, 55.1%, and 60.7%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed a positive association between RHR and DKD (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04–12.25), with this effect being more pronounced in patients over 60 years old. RCS analysis identified an inverted L-shaped association, with an inflection point at 1.31. Mediation analyses identified SBP and FPG as partial mediators of the association between DKD and RHR, accounting for 10.4% and 3.3% of the mediation, respectively. Additionally, AUC for RHR (AUC = 0.654, 95% CI: 0.633–0.676) was significantly higher compared to those of RC, HDL, and TG.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RHR exhibits a positive association with the risk of DKD, underscoring its potential utility as a cost-effective biomarker for stratifying the risk of DKD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"17 3","pages":"460-469"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146040100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between COVID-19 and incident gestational diabetes (GDM): A population-based case–control study of the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan","authors":"Liang-Yu Lin,&nbsp;Chi-Jen Chen,&nbsp;Mei-Huei Chen,&nbsp;Chun-Wei Chen,&nbsp;Pau-Chung Chen","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70228","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70228","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reports suggested that diabetes could be a complication arising from COVID-19; however, the relationship between COVID-19 and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 infections and the risk of incident GDM in pregnant women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), which is linked to the Birth Reporting Database and the COVID-19 testing database between 2020 and 2022. A case–control study was conducted, matching pregnant women by age and region. We employed multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for matching factors and potential confounders. The findings were further validated through a sensitivity analysis using a cohort design with landmark analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 134,375 pregnant women, comprising 26,875 GDM cases and 107,500 matched controls. After adjusting for covariates, we found no evidence supporting an association between prior COVID-19 infection and incident GDM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.89–1.01). Notably, some evidence showed that receiving at least one COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a decreased risk of GDM (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.87–0.93). These results remained consistent in the sensitivity analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite COVID-19 now being endemic with less virulent variants, ongoing vigilance regarding potential pregnancy-related impacts of SARS-CoV-2 is essential. It is also critical to promote vaccination among women of childbearing age, and further research is necessary to explore COVID-19-related complications during pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"17 3","pages":"527-534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pitfall in diagnosing type B insulin resistance syndrome: Suspected antibody interference in a patient with insulin allergy","authors":"Satoru Manda,&nbsp;Aika Miya,&nbsp;Akinobu Nakamura,&nbsp;Hiraku Kameda,&nbsp;Tatsuya Atsumi","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70235","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70235","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The patient was a 73-year-old man with diabetes who developed marked hyperglycemia after several years of insulin therapy. Investigations showed marked hyperinsulinemia, positive insulin antibodies with low affinity/high binding capacity, insulin-specific IgE and eosinophil infiltration on skin biopsy, confirming insulin allergy. Positivity for insulin receptor autoantibodies (IRAb) initially led to a diagnosis of type B insulin resistance syndrome. However, a relatively low C-peptide level (1.57 ng/mL) despite severe hyperinsulinemia (1231.9 μU/mL) was key for differentiation. After cessation of insulin and initiating a multi-drug anti-diabetes regimen, the patient's glycemic control improved markedly, with a decrease in HbA_1c from 12.3 to 6.7%. His serum insulin level decreased, and his IRAb test turned negative. This case highlights the fact that a high insulin antibody titer can cause a false-positive IRAb result. A disproportionately low C-peptide level in the presence of hyperinsulinemia may aid differentiation between insulin allergy and type B insulin resistance syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"17 3","pages":"546-548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146027906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}