The Open Ophthalmology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Histological Findings in the Trabecular Meshwork of a Patient with Atopic Glaucoma.","authors":"Satoru Kase,&nbsp;Shiki Chin,&nbsp;Teruhiko Hamanaka,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Shinmei,&nbsp;Takeshi Ohguchi,&nbsp;Riki Kijima,&nbsp;Akira Matsuda,&nbsp;Susumu Ishida","doi":"10.2174/1874364101711010103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to report a case of atopic dermatitis showing elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) beyond the baseline levels followed by a modified 360-degree suture trabeculotomy, and to analyze the histological findings in the trabecular meshwork.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 40-year-old male suffered from blurred vision in the right eye (OD). He had a medical history of severe atopic dermatitis and intraocular lens implantation OU due to atopic cataract. At the initial presentation, the visual acuity was 0.03, and IOP was 35 mmHg OD. Slit-lamp examination demonstrated corneal epithelial edema OD. Increased IOP was refractory to several topical medications. The patient underwent a modified 360-degree suture trabeculotomy. The visual field defect, however, deteriorated with persistently high IOP. The patient underwent trabeculectomy together with drainage implant surgery. In the outflow routes, although there seemed to be an opening of Schlemm's canal into the anterior chamber, there was no endothelium of the canal in the region of its opening. The fibrotic changes were conspicuous around Schlemm's canal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The histological results indicated that trabeculotomy might not be an appropriate treatment for patients with atopic glaucoma, possibly because of excessive repair to the newly created uveoscleral outflow in addition to the increased postoperative fibrosis in the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"11 ","pages":"103-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5470058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35129297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central Retinal Vein Occlusion in Younger Swedish Adults: Case Reports and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Elisabeth Wittström","doi":"10.2174/1874364101711010089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate associated systemic diseases, other conditions, visual outcome, ocular complications and treatment in Swedish patients younger than 50 years with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and reviewing the literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-two patients with CRVO, younger than 50 years, were examined with full-field electroretinography (ERG) within 3 months after a thrombotic event, or were periodically examined and were observed for at least 6 months. In 18 of these patients, the initial retinal ischemia was studied using the cone b-wave implicit time in the 30 Hz flicker ERG. Fifteen patients also underwent fluorescein angiography. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed in 14 patients. The patients studied were divided into two groups, non-ischemic and ischemic, which were compared. All patients underwent ocular and systemic examination, as well as complete screening for thrombophilic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 22 patients, 15 had non-ischemic type of CRVO and 7 the ischemic type. Patients with non-ischemic CRVO showed significantly improved visual acuity (VA) at the final examination (p=0.006). Patients with ischemic CRVO showed no significant reduction in VA at the final examination (p=0.225). Systemic hypertension (27% in non-ischemic CRVO and 29% in ischemic CRVO) was the most prevalent systemic risk factor for CRVO. The mean central foveal thickness (CFT) decreased significantly from 402.3±136.2 (µm) at the initial examination to 243.8±48.1 (µm) at the final examination in the non-ischemic group (p=0.005). The mean initial CFT was 444.5±186.1 (µm) in the ischemic CRVO group, which decreased to 211.5±20.2 (µm) at the final visit (p=0.068). Pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS)/pigmentary glaucoma (PG), ocular hypertension and dehydration were equally frequent; four patients each (18%) out of 22. The clinical course of 4 younger patients with PDS/PG are described.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The patients with non-ischemic CRVO showed significantly improved VA and significantly decreased CFT at the final examination. Systemic hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for CRVO. Younger adults with CRVO also had a high prevalence of PDS/PG, ocular hypertension and dehydration. This study highlights the importance of careful IOP monitoring, and the need to investigate possible PDS/PG and to obtain an accurate history of the patient including alcohol intake and intense exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"11 ","pages":"89-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5447937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35079573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Symptomatic Vitreomacular Adhesion with Expansile Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas.","authors":"Dominic M Buzzacco,&nbsp;Sugat S Patel","doi":"10.2174/1874364101711010080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate intravitreal injection of expansile sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) as a low cost and effective treatment for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (sVMA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of all patients with sVMA treated with pneumatic vitreolysis using SF6 gas presenting to a clinical practice from January 2005 and June 2013.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six cases were included in the study. Five patients (83%) experienced complete resolution of the vitreomacular adhesion. One patient had a partial release of the vitreomacular adhesion. Four patients (67%) had a one line improvement in best corrected visual acuity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to its low cost, wide availability, and apparent efficacy, intravitreal injection of expansile SF6 should be investigated further as a possible treatment modality for sVMA.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"11 ","pages":"80-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5427703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35037269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Anterior Lens Opacities in Children.","authors":"Lena Dixit,&nbsp;Michael Puente,&nbsp;Kimberly G Yen","doi":"10.2174/1874364101711010084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anterior lens opacities (ALO) are found in 3-14% of pediatric patients with cataracts. No clear guidelines exist in the management and treatment of these cataracts.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate pediatric patients with anterior lens opacities and assess rate of amblyopia and need for surgery over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with unilateral and bilateral anterior lens opacities (ALOs) seen between January 2008 and December 2014. Size, location, and type of ALO were noted. Refractive error, necessity for treatment of amblyopia, and interventions were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 31 patients were included in the study. 17 patients had unilateral ALOs and 14 had bilateral ALOs. The majority of the cataracts (90.3%) were centrally located. The most common type of cataract was the polar type of cataract and the vast majority (48.4%) was < 1mm in size. 38.7% of patients had concurrent ocular conditions and 9.7% had systemic associations. 28.6% of patients with bilateral cataracts and 35.3% of the patients with unilateral cataracts were treated for amblyopia. Three patients required cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>About half of anterior lens opacities are less than 1mm in size and the majority are of the polar type. Risk of amblyopia in these patients is higher than in the general population. Anisometropia is the most common cause of amblyopia. Ocular associations are seen at a relatively high frequency and systemic associations can occur but are uncommon. The need for surgical intervention is infrequent; however, growth of ALOs and associated cortical changes may be risk factors for surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"11 ","pages":"84-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5427697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35037270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Idiopathic Sclerochoroidal Calcifications.","authors":"Venkatesh L Brahma,&nbsp;Sumit P Shah,&nbsp;Nauman A Chaudhry,&nbsp;Jonathan L Prenner","doi":"10.2174/1874364101711010076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sclerochoroidal calcification (SCC) is a rare and benign condition found mostly in middle-aged and elderly Caucasian men, characterized by multiple yellow-white lesions seen most commonly in the temporal regions of the fundus. While they may be concerning for benign tumors, primary neoplasias or metastases, SCCs most commonly present as asymptomatic findings during routine ophthalmologic testing and have a very good prognosis as they rarely cause visual deficits.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report and describe the findings in a case of bilateral idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcifications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated ophthalmological exams, including fundoscopic examination, ultrasonography, optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography, were all consistent bilateral idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcifications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While most cases of idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcifications represent a benign ophthalmological condition, there are known associations with other systemic conditions, such as hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, Bartter's syndrome and Gitelman's syndrome. It is for this reason that these patients warrant a full systemic work-up in addition to careful ophthalmological monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"11 ","pages":"76-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5427701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35037268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal Refractive Procedures for the Treatment of Presbyopia.","authors":"Kareem Moussa,&nbsp;Naz Jehangir,&nbsp;Tova Mannis,&nbsp;Wai L Wong,&nbsp;Majid Moshirfar","doi":"10.2174/1874364101711010059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Refractive surgery has been in use for a long time and is evolving at a fast pace with several new corneal procedures being used for the correction of presbyopia. The purpose of this article is to give a comprehensive review of the literature to evaluate the outcome and success of different corneal refractive surgical procedures in presbyopic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a comprehensive search on PubMed to identify published reports of the various procedures utilized in the past and present to correct presbyopia. The outcomes of these procedures were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>We found that varying rates of success have been reported with these procedures. The results of our exhaustive search are presented in this report for review.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"11 ","pages":"59-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874364101711010059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35037267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Vitamin E on Oxidative Stress Indicated by Serum Malondialdehyde in Insulin-dependent <i>Type 2</i> Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Retinopathy.","authors":"Irini P Chatziralli,&nbsp;George Theodossiadis,&nbsp;Prodromos Dimitriadis,&nbsp;Michail Charalambidis,&nbsp;Antonios Agorastos,&nbsp;Zisis Migkos,&nbsp;Nikolaos Platogiannis,&nbsp;Marilita M Moschos,&nbsp;Panagiotis Theodossiadis,&nbsp;Petros Keryttopoulos","doi":"10.2174/1874364101711010051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies have focused on oxidative stress on diabetes mellitus (DM). Our purpose was to investigate the impact of oxidative stress on progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in insulin-dependent <i>type 2</i> DM patients, measuring serum malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as to examine the effect of vitamin E on DR progression in the above-mentioned patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants in the study were 282 insulin-dependent <i>type 2</i> DM patients with DR. All participants underwent a thorough ophthalmological examination, so as to grade DR, along with serum MDA measurement. All participants received 300mg vitamin E daily for 3 months and were examined again. Serum MDA pre- and post-intake of Vitamin E was the main outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum MDA was positively associated with DR stage, while there was a statistically significant difference pre- and post-intake of vitamin E in all DR stages. In a subgroup analysis of patients with proliferative DR, there was a significant difference at baseline between patients who have received prior laser photocoagulation and the treatment naïve patients, while after intake of vitamin E, no statistically significant difference was noticed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oxidative stress has been found to play significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of DR, while vitamin E seems to reduce MDA levels and subsequent oxidative stress, suggesting that it might have protective role in DR progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"11 ","pages":"51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874364101711010051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35049944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Corneoscleral Melt 50 Years after Excision of Pterygium.","authors":"Aki Kondo,&nbsp;Tatsuya Mimura,&nbsp;Mari Goto,&nbsp;Yuko Kamei,&nbsp;Saito Yusuke,&nbsp;Hiroko Okuma,&nbsp;Masao Matsubara","doi":"10.2174/1874364101711010047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a case of corneoscleral melt that occurred 50 years after resection of pterygium with postoperative administration of mitomycin C (MMC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 93-year-old woman developed acute corneal perforation and scleral melt in her left eye at 50 years after pterygium surgery with postoperative topical MMC. She underwent limbal transplantation. The anterior chamber reformed postoperatively and her intraocular pressure was normal. At 12 months after transplantation, best-corrected visual acuity was 20/500 and the graft-host junction was well apposed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case shows that corneoscleral melt can occur even 50 years after resection of pterygium combined with postoperative topical MMC.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"11 ","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5420174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35049942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Ocular Surface Disease in Asian Patients with Primary Angle Closure.","authors":"Tan Ee Ling,&nbsp;Khairuddin Othman,&nbsp;Ong Poh Yan,&nbsp;Rasdi Abdul Rashid,&nbsp;Cheong Min Tet,&nbsp;Azhany Yaakob,&nbsp;Liza-Sharmini Ahmad Tajudin","doi":"10.2174/1874364101711010031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the incidence of ocular surface disease (OSD) and to determine the effects of topical pressure-lowering drugs on ocular surface disease in primary angle closure patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional comparative study comparing primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) patients (Group A) with primary angle closure and primary angle closure suspect (Group B). Group A was treated with topical pressure-lowering drugs; Group B was not. Data on ocular diagnosis and details of treatment were obtained from medical records. Ocular surface disease incidence was assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and from clinical signs using Schirmer's test, tear break-up time and corneal fluorescein stain. Predictive Analytic Software 20 and STATA analysis software were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group A demonstrated a higher rate of OSD (OSDI 52.3%, Schirmer's test 70.5%, tear break-up time (TBUT) 75%, corneal staining 77.3%) compared to Group B (OSDI 39.0%, Schirmer's test 73.2%, TBUT 58.5% and cornea staining 14.6%) except for Schirmer's test. There was a significant difference in mean score of OSDI (p=0.004), TBUT (p=0.008) and cornea staining (p<0.001) between two groups. Primary angle closure glaucoma treated with more than two medications and for more than three years had worse ocular surface disease parameters but without statistical significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ocular surface disease is common in PACG patients treated with topical pressure-lowering drugs. Topical pressure-lowering drugs caused significant OSD symptoms and signs except for tear production in PACG patients. Thorough evaluation of ocular surface disease is important to ensure appropriate treatment and intervention in PACG patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"11 ","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5362968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34905191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Amount of Resection and Time for Recovery of Bell's Phenomenon after Levator Resection in Congenital Ptosis.","authors":"Ruchi Goel,&nbsp;Divya Kishore,&nbsp;Smriti Nagpal,&nbsp;Sparshi Jain,&nbsp;Tushar Agarwal","doi":"10.2174/1874364101711010024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101711010024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recovery of Bell`s phenomenon after levator resection is unpredicatable. Delayed recovery can result in vision threatening corneal complications.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study the variability of Bell's phenomenon and time taken for its recovery following levator resection for blepharoptosis and to correlate it with the amount of resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted on 32 eyes of 32 patients diagnosed as unilateral simple congenital blepharoptosis who underwent levator resection at a tertiary care center between July 2013 and May 2015. Patients were followed up for 5 months and correction of ptosis, type of Bell`s, duration of Bell`s recovery and complications were noted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study group ranged from 16-25 years with 15:17 male: female ratio. There were 9 mild, 16 moderate and 7 severe ptosis. Satisfactory correction was achieved in all cases. Good Bell`s recovery occurred in 13 eyes on first post-op day, in 2-14 days in 19 eyes and 28 days in 1 eye. Inverse Bell`s was noted along with lid oedema and ecchymosis in 2 patients. Large resections (23-26mm) were associated with poor Bell`s on the first postoperative day (p=0.027, Fisher`s exact test). However, the duration required for recovery of Bell`s phenomenon did not show any significant difference with the amount of resection. (p=0.248, Mann Whitney test). Larger resections resulted in greater lagophthalmos (correlation=0.830, p<0.0001). Patients with recovery of Bell`s delayed for more than 7 days were associated with greater number of complications (p=0.001 Fisher`s Exact Test).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Close monitoring for Bell`s recovery is required following levator resection.</p>","PeriodicalId":512318,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ophthalmology Journal","volume":"11 ","pages":"24-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5441149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35063534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}