Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Collagen I, Magnesium and Phosphorus in Iraqi Meningioma Patients","authors":"R. Z. Jasim","doi":"10.31351/vol33iss1pp123-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp123-128","url":null,"abstract":"     Meningiomas are the most common primary intracellular slow growing benign tumor that are mostly arisen from meningeothelial (arachnoid) cells which surround the brain and the spinal cord. The aim of the present study is to innovate a biochemical relationship between collagen I and meningiomas in Iraqi patients and also to examine the biochemical role of magnesium and phosphorus regarding this complex nervous disease. Thirty (30) diagnosed meningioma patients were participated in the present study and were classified into two (2) groups : G3 composed of (15) newly diagnosed meningioma males and G4 composed of (15) newly diagnosed meningioma females , both G3 and G4 subjects did not take any treatment linked with meningioma or any chronic disease. Patients groups were compared with healthy subjects as two control groups which did not suffer from any chronic disease , the first  G1 composed of (15) healthy  males and the second G2 composed of (15) healthy females in the range of age matched with patients groups. Blood samples were collected from each  subject enrolled in this study  and three biochemical parameters (collagen I , magnesium , phosphorus ) were determined in sera of all groups. Results of the present study have reported that  levels of collagen I , magnesium and phosphorus  were highly significant decreased in sera of G3 and G4 compared with G1 and G2 respectively , while  the difference between G3 and G4  was non significant for the three biochemical parameters. The present study has contributed to collagen I novelty regarding Iraqi patients with meningiomas deficiency and also highlighted the biochemical role of both magnesium and phosphorus in accordance with meningiomas. The present study recommends checking periodically the levels of collagen I , magnesium and phosphorous by laboratory tests and treatment with collagen supplements tablets and metabolics ( magnesium phosphate ) capsules if a deficeicy has been noticed.                                                                                                                                                .………………","PeriodicalId":512190,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)","volume":"24 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of New Pyrimidine Derivatives From 3-Acetylcoumarin–Chalcone Hybrid and Evaluation Their Antimicrobial Activitغe their antimicrobial activity y","authors":"Tuka Hassan Abd-Elhussain, M. S. Farhan","doi":"10.31351/vol33iss1pp33-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp33-45","url":null,"abstract":"3-coumarin/chalcone B1/B2/B3 hybrids served as malleable antecedents for the development of novel bioactive pharmacophores. In this study, the matching coumarin-chalcones hybrid was obtained from 3-acetylcoumarin (comp A) via condensation with several aromatic aldehydes in ethanolic piperidine solution. To further modify these hybrids, we reacted them with thiourea in the presence of base in ethanol, yielding pyrimidine derivatives C1, C2, and C3. Their chemical characteristics and spectroscopic data were used to characterize the newly synthesized heterocyles. The antibacterial efficacy of all freshly produced compounds was tested. Compound (C3) was shown to have the highest antibacterial activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, whereas compound (C2) displayed a moderate antibacterial activity and compound C1 had low activity. C1,C2,C3 were shown  antifungal activity as compared to fluconazole that showed antifungal efficacy against C. ablicans.","PeriodicalId":512190,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)","volume":"101 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Fennel Leaves: Process optimization, Thin Layer Chromatography and Cytotoxic Activity of Ethanolic Extract","authors":"Thukaa zuhair Abdul-lalil","doi":"10.31351/vol33iss1pp94-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp94-103","url":null,"abstract":"Foeniculum vulgare commonly known as fennel belonging to the family Umbelliferae, is cultivated throughout the world as a spices as well as medicinal plant possessing antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, …etc. A Single Factor Experiment analysis has been employed in this study to optimize caffiec acid extraction from fennel leaves by ultrasound assisted extraction method in which three variables single factor examined which were ethanol concentration, extraction time and ultrasound frequency. The study's objective was to assess the effects of variables chosen on caffiec acid's extraction performance, preliminary evaluated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and evaluate the cytotoxic effect of optimized ethanolic extract of this plant on human breast cancer (MDA-MB-468) cell line. the experimental results revealed that the most influential extraction variables were: 80% ethanol as extraction solvent, 15 min was the time to achieve the good extraction efficacy and 40 KHz ultrasound frequency and The IC50 value of the cytotoxic effect (P < 0.05) of optimized ethanolic extract of Iraqi Foeniculum vulgare leaves on MDA-MB-468 cell line after 72 h of incubation were significantly high (46.89 µg/ml). The results of this study will be used to create a natural medicine for the symptoms of various diseases and to standardize the processes for extracting caffeic acid from natural items, particularly fennel.","PeriodicalId":512190,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)","volume":"120 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and Evaluation of Idebenone Microemulsion as a Potential Approach for the Transmucosal Drug Delivery Systems","authors":"Hussein Jaafer, Khalid Al-Kinani","doi":"10.31351/vol33iss1pp79-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp79-88","url":null,"abstract":"Idebenone, a synthetic analogue of ubiquinone (Co-Q10), is used for the treatment of Leiber’s hereditary optic neuropathy. Although it is almost completely absorbed from GIT, its extensive rate of metabolism makes its oral bioavailability less than 1%. This study aims to formulate the poorly water-soluble drug as nanoemulsion (NE) to increase drug solubility as well as transmucosal permeation and circumventing hepatic biodegradation by using transmucosal routes of administration such as intranasal rout to enhance drug bioavailability. Nanoemulsion components were selected through screening of the preferential solubility of IDB in several oils and emulsifying agents and subsequent formulation optimization through screening for their best miscibility through phase study. Lemongrass oil showed superior characteristics to represent the oil phase in which the drug was dissolved while Cremophor EL® and Transcutol-P® represented the surfactant system. The method of spontaneous-emulsification was used to prepare twelve NE formulas (F1-F12) which were subjected to several characterization tests. Out of four successful formulas, F-11 showed the best globule size (45.6nm), PDI (0.19) zeta-potential (-2.8 mV), low viscosity and suitable pH (5.9). Using sheep nasal mucosa as model, (F-11) was subjected to ex-vivo transmucosal permeation study against plain drug oil dispersion with pronounced enhanced permeation due to formulation as NEs. Permeation kinetic parameters were obtained such as permeation rate 40.9 µg/h/cm2, lag time 15min, permeability coefficient 40.9x10-4 cm/h and enhancement ratio 39. The outcome of this study indicates the possibility of incorporation of this formula into a suitable carrier for finalizing its formulation as non-enteral dosage form with enhanced IDB bioavailability.","PeriodicalId":512190,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)","volume":"115 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Clinical Pharmacist Tele-follow-up on Diabetic Patient’s Readmission Due to Reinfection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) in Iraqi Patients","authors":"Kawthar Faris, Besmah M.Ali Ibrahim Besmah M.Ali Ibrahim, Osama Zuhair Salman Osama Zuhair Salman, Zainab Jumaa Qasim Zainab Jumaa Qasim, Ameer A. Oudah, Aaya Ayad Okab, Jawad K.Aldiwan","doi":"10.31351/vol33iss1pp54-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp54-62","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000There are many risk factors significantly associated with readmission of diabetic patients after discharge  like surgical site reinfection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus which has been demonstrated to be associated with more amputations, longer hospitalization , increase healthcare costs and increased mortality .This study was to describe the impact of clinical pharmacist tele-follow-up on diabetic patient’s readmission due to reinfection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, rate of referral to inpatients team and, return visits to the emergency department, 203 patients who were randomized into two groups. Group A (interventional group) 103 patients and group B (control group) 100patients who are discharge from hospital after diabetic foot amputation. The primary endpoint was the reduction in the readmission due to reinfection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, reduce the referral to in patients team and fewer return to the emergency department. there was significant differences between the two groups in rates of readmission, referral to their inpatients team, and return visits to the emergency department with (P-value =0.004,  0.00017 ,and0.002 ) respectively. Conclusion the pharmacist tele-follow-up was associated with decrease in rates of readmission, fewer referrals to in patients team and decrease in return visits to the emergency department.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: pharmacist tele follow-up , diabetic patients , MRSA\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":512190,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)","volume":"106 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study The Effects of 5 Selenocyantouracil Compound on The liver and Kidney of Male Rats After Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury","authors":"Sahar Muayad Noori, Nadheerah F. Neamah, Shaker Abdalsalim Al-Jadaan","doi":"10.31351/vol33iss1pp23-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp23-32","url":null,"abstract":"Selenium compounds have long been assumed to protect organs against inflammation and cancer development by reducing oxidative stress. Drug-induced liver injury is a common side effect of many medications, with main symptoms ranging from an increase in asymptomatic liver enzymes to liver failure such as acetaminophen (AAP). The main objective of the present work is the protective effect of 5 selenocyantouracil (5SeU) against liver and kidney damage induced by AAP. Fifty male rats were divided into 4 groups consisting:  Group A: rats were given only food and distal water (DW). Group B: rats were treated with acetaminophen (500mg/kg). Group C: rats were given acetaminophen in the preceding dose, and 5SeU (50 mg/kg). Group D: rats were treated with acetaminophen orally at the prior dose, and 5SeU (100mg/kg) orally once daily for 21 days. The results revealed significant differences of liver enzymes, urea and creatinine values at 5SeU treated groups in comparison with AAP group.  Histopathological examinations confirm such results. As a conclusion, 5SeU compound has a protective activity against AAP-induced tissue damage.","PeriodicalId":512190,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)","volume":"105 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbapenem Resistance Related with Biofilm Formation and Pilin Genes in Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates","authors":"Huda M. Mahmood, Tiba A. Al-Mohammed","doi":"10.31351/vol33iss1pp72-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp72-78","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of nosocomial infections worldwide, and infections caused by this bacterial organism are difficult to eradicate because it is intrinsically resistant or less susceptible to several antimicrobial agents. The study aimed to identify the genotype distribution or frequency of virulence factors genes (algD, pilA, and pilB) involved in alginate and the type 3 system of carbapenem-resistant of  P. aeruginosa local isolates. The genotype distribution of 25 carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa involving the alginate was noted with the highest frequency (100%), the genes that encoded for pilin structural subunits were noted with the lowest frequency (4%) for pil B gene, and pil A gene showed (92%). The results of the PCR detection revealed the high spread of the alg D  gene, all resistant isolates contained this gene at the same time these isolates were 100% producing biofilm, alginate production is a significant factor of biofilm-associated virulence. chi-square showed a significant association between the biofilm intensity and carbapenem resistance (X² = 14.62, P < 0.023).","PeriodicalId":512190,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140377858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing Pediatric Nano-formulations Faces a slew of Obstacles: A Review","authors":"Kaveena26 Ravi, Kirubha Hari.C K","doi":"10.31351/vol33iss1pp11-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp11-22","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology is a fine tool for enhancing drug efficiency. Doses and medication development for Pediatric Population still remains a challenge.The clinical experience gained from treating adults is usually used in pediatric therapies.Although science has proven that children's pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics differ from adult.When applied to children, innovative technologies (e.g., nanotechnology) are highly challenging to implement. An optimal formulation has to be in an acceptable dose type where the pediatric patients can accommodate. Due to its complicated existence, comparatively few efforts were made, in particular to establish pediatric Nano-medicines primarily to increase the solubility and stability of sparingly water-soluble liquid formulation. Though many researchers focus on developing adult medications, some new researches are been carried to provide precision medicines to the infants.Inspite of some safety issues nanotechnology have commenced an era of Nano-pediatrics. The possible negative consequences and medical benefits in Pediatric communities are correlated with Nano-formulated drug treatment that is distinct from adults. Incentives in adult market rather than children's needs often lead to pediatric strategies. Drug kinetics design and simulation are also explored to create pediatric Nano-formulation. Nano formulations play a major role in handling pediatric infectious disease and cancer.Many studies aimed to furnish precision medicine for challenging diseases, especially liposomes are imparted Nano formulations are used in the treatment of tumors in new-borns. This article reviews the challenges faced in designing Nano-pediatrics and flourishing studies involved in serving pediatric precision medicines.","PeriodicalId":512190,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)","volume":"101 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nephroprotective effect of Dapsone against Gentamicin-Induced Acute Nephrotoxicity in Rats","authors":"Uday Abdul-Reda Hussein, Naseer M. Mohammed, Haider F Al-Saedi, Mukhallad A Ramadhan","doi":"10.31351/vol33iss1pp89-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp89-93","url":null,"abstract":"Nephrotoxicity is one of the major complications and clinical limitations of gentamicin. This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of dapsone against gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. \u0000Twenty-four healthy rats weighing between (270-300) g were equally divided into three groups, eight rats in each group:  control group received normal saline (2mL/kg/day I.P.) for 10 days , gentamicin group received (100 mg/kg/day I.P.) for 10 days, and dapsone group received (5 mg/kg/day p.o) concomitantly with gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day I.P.) for 10 days. At the end of experiment, blood and kidney tissue samples were collected from all animals for biochemical and histopathological examination. \u0000Dapsone exhibited nephroprotective effect manifested by a significant decrease in serum levels of BUN, creatinine and KIM-1 with a significant increase total protein serum level. Besides, it improves oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers of tissues, which was demonstrated by improving histological changes when compared to the gentamicin group. In conclusion, dapsone has a  nephroprotective effect by counteracting the renal deleterious effect of gentamicin .","PeriodicalId":512190,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)","volume":"103 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interest in Lung Screening among a Sample of Adult Muslims in the United States","authors":"O. Attarabeen, Fadi Alkhateeb, Kevin Larkin, U. Sambamoorthi, Michael Newton, Kimberly Kelly","doi":"10.31351/vol33iss1pp63-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31351/vol33iss1pp63-71","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000Objectives. Muslims in the United States exhibit high rates of tobacco use, which make them highly vulnerable to lung cancer. Lung cancer could be avoided by regularly undergoing preventive lung screening. This study investigated the associations between Social Cognitive Theory factors and being interested in preventive lung screening in a sample of adult US Muslims.\u0000Methods. We examined a convenience sample of adult US Muslims. A cross-sectional online survey was used to collect data. Binomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors related to interest in preventive lung screening.\u0000Key Findings. Two hundred seventy-one eligible participants (≥18 years old Muslim individuals who live in the US) from 30 states completed the questionnaire. Individuals were more likely to express an interest in lung cancer screening if they had 1) more positive attitudes about lung screening, 2) a higher perceived value of screening, and 3) greater self-efficacy regarding the ability to undergo lung screening.\u0000Conclusion. Addressing attitudes, perceived value, and self-efficacy in future interventions could increase interest in preventive lung screening amongst adult US Muslims.","PeriodicalId":512190,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)","volume":"121 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140378995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}