Anderson Luiz de Carvalho, Ana Bárbara Krummenauer Formenton, Joanna Kulczynski Campos, Vilson Ferreira Fraga Junior, Eduardo Raposo Monteiro, Jakson Mandredini Vassoler, Márcio Poletto Ferreira, Marcelo Meller Alievi
{"title":"Ex Vivo Biomechanical Comparison of Four Techniques to Tibiotarsus Osteosynthesis in Adult Laying Hens (Gallus gallus domesticus).","authors":"Anderson Luiz de Carvalho, Ana Bárbara Krummenauer Formenton, Joanna Kulczynski Campos, Vilson Ferreira Fraga Junior, Eduardo Raposo Monteiro, Jakson Mandredini Vassoler, Márcio Poletto Ferreira, Marcelo Meller Alievi","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1793943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1793943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> To assess the biomechanical parameters of intact tibiotarsi (INT) and tibiotarsi with a 5-mm segmental diaphyseal defect repaired using four osteosynthesis techniques: a locking plate (LP), a plate-rod combination, an external skeletal fixator (one end-threaded positive-profile pin per fragment) with an intramedullary pin tie-in (TIF 1), and an external skeletal fixator (two end-threaded positive-profile pins per fragment) with an intramedullary pin tie-in (TIF 2).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> Sixty tibiotarsi from 30 adult laying hens were allocated into five groups for nondestructive dynamic torsion and four-point bending tests, followed by failure tests. Nondestructive dynamic tests evaluated stiffness over time in torsion and bending. Torsion destructive tests provided maximum torque and rotation values, whereas the four-point bending tests provided the yield load, maximum bending load, and maximum displacement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The INT group showed higher torsional stiffness and maximum torque but similar bending stiffness, torsional strength, and bending strength in one or more groups. LP and TIF 2 exhibited the highest similarity frequencies among the treatment groups, whereas the TIF 1 group displayed lower stiffness and strength for most of the evaluated parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Similar results for LP and TIF-2 groups suggest the biomechanical equivalence of these methods for tibiotarsal osteosynthesis in adult hens.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revision of Hip Luxation in a Canine Total Hip Replacement Caused by a Greater Trochanteric Fracture Secondary to an Inflammatory Granuloma.","authors":"Jean Bassanino, Laurent P Guiot","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1792028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1792028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A hip luxation 3 years following a cementless total hip replacement was diagnosed in a 4.7-year-old neutered male Lagotto Romagnolo that presented with a non-weight-bearing left pelvic limb lameness. Orthogonal radiographs revealed a left hip luxation and an osteolytic fracture of the greater trochanter. A mass consistent with an inflammatory granuloma was identified on preoperative computed tomography scan. Surgical revision consisted of granuloma excision, replacement of the loose acetabular cup, and repair of the femoral fracture with a locking plate. Fracture biology was augmented with the use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2) impregnated collagen sponge applied around the acetabulum and femoral fracture site. Osteointegration of the prosthetics and fracture healing were documented within 3 months of revision. Long-term follow-up at 3 years postrevision showed normal limb usage and no further evidence of total hip replacement complication.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morgan R Sisk, Lydia C Yang, Kyle D Paul, Joseph W Elphingstone, Eugene W Brabston, Brent A Ponce, Elliott C Martin, Kayla M Corriveau
{"title":"Biomechanical Principles of Intramedullary Nails in Veterinary and Human Medicine.","authors":"Morgan R Sisk, Lydia C Yang, Kyle D Paul, Joseph W Elphingstone, Eugene W Brabston, Brent A Ponce, Elliott C Martin, Kayla M Corriveau","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788316","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1788316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intramedullary nails are specialized metal rods inserted into the medullary cavity of a fractured bone and secured to reduce load on the fracture site, provide stability, and permit healing. The purpose of this review is to highlight the biomechanics of orthopaedic intramedullary nailing, as well as discuss the biomechanical considerations that have shaped implant design and fixation technique in veterinary and human medicine. Relevant studies were included from the PubMed database and Google Scholar for discussion on the basic science and nail design of intramedullary nails. Implant design and implementation continues to progress, with new innovative designs currently under investigation. A lack of consensus remains on the superior implant material. Recent studies, particularly in human populations, have supported the use of reaming based on reoperation rates, nonunion rates, and dynamization. Design modifications, such as the expandable intramedullary nails and angle-stable interlocking designs, have been investigated as methods of improving cortical contact and resisting torsional stress. Intramedullary nailing is a valuable stabilization technique for long bone fractures across a variety of species. The technology continues to undergo design improvements in both veterinary and human medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"257-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angela Papacella-Beugger, Franck Forterre, Eva Samer, Julien Guevar, Andrea Müller, Bastien Planchamp, Alexia Progin, Daniela Schweizer
{"title":"Spinal Neuronavigation for Lumbar Plate Fixation in Miniature Breed Dogs.","authors":"Angela Papacella-Beugger, Franck Forterre, Eva Samer, Julien Guevar, Andrea Müller, Bastien Planchamp, Alexia Progin, Daniela Schweizer","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787707","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1787707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The main aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of spinal neuronavigation for plate fixation of lumbar vertebrae in miniature breed dogs using a surgical navigation system in combination with a custom-made reference array.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> This was an experimental cadaveric study in five miniature breed dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> A 4-hole locking plate with four 2.0-mm locking screws was placed on two adjacent lumbar vertebrae using a neuronavigation system consisting of a mobile cone beam computed tomography linked to a navigation system. The procedure was performed by a novice surgeon. The plate and screw positions were assessed for surgical safety using predefined criteria. Surgical accuracy was determined by the deviation of entry and exit points between pre- and postoperative images.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> A total of five plates and 20 screws were placed. In 85% (17/20), screws were placed appropriately. The median entry point deviation was 1.8 mm (range: 0.3-3.7) and the median exit point deviation was 1.6 mm (range: 0.6-5).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Achievement of surgical accuracy in the placement of screws for fixation of lumbar vertebral plates in small breed dogs using neuronavigation with a custom-made reference array by a novice surgeon resulted in surgical safe plate placement in four of the five cadavers. Therefore, we judge the method as promising, however, further studies are necessary to allow the transfer of image-guided navigation for lumbar plate fixation into the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"279-285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intramedullary Nailing of Diaphyseal Fractures.","authors":"Kenneth A Johnson","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1793820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1793820","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":"37 6","pages":"v"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Euan J Mclean, Merianna Foo, Yan S Toh, Benjamin M Kaye, James O Simcock
{"title":"Effect of Plate Inclination and Osteotomy Positioning on Rock-back following Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy in Dogs.","authors":"Euan J Mclean, Merianna Foo, Yan S Toh, Benjamin M Kaye, James O Simcock","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787692","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1787692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> Rock-back is a reported complication following tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO), whereby tibial plateau angle (TPA) increases postoperatively. The mechanism of rock-back is not fully understood, although a recent <i>ex vivo</i> investigation demonstrated that osteotomy exit cut angle (ECA) and inclination of the plate in the sagittal plane might be risk factors. The purpose of this study was to explore these relationships in a clinical dog population. We hypothesized that dogs with rock-back would have a higher degree of plate inclination and downward ECA compared with those without rock-back.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong> Medical records and radiographs of dogs that underwent TPLO between January 2021 and January 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. TPA was recorded preoperatively, postoperatively, and at follow-up. Plate inclination, ECA, and descriptive data were collected. Observers measuring TPA were blinded to other variables. Rock-back was defined as a change in TPA ≥ 2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Ninety-five TPLO procedures met the inclusion criteria (<i>n</i> = 87 dogs). Rock-back was identified in 21% of TPLOs (<i>n</i> = 20/95). The mean increase in TPA in the rock-back group was 3.2 ± 2.6. Plate inclination and ECA were not correlated with the presence of rock-back. Descriptive variables did not have a significant correlation with rock-back.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Plate inclination and ECA did not have a relationship with rock-back when defined as a postoperative TPA change ≥2 degrees, in this clinical retrospective study.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"273-278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anderson F de Souza, César A M Pereira, Claudio Costa, Anton Fürst, Jan M Kümmerle, André L V De Zoppa
{"title":"Mechanical Properties and Failure Mode of Proximal Screw Fixation Technique Using Locking Compression Plate for Proximal Interphalangeal Arthrodesis in Horses: An Ex Vivo Study.","authors":"Anderson F de Souza, César A M Pereira, Claudio Costa, Anton Fürst, Jan M Kümmerle, André L V De Zoppa","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787680","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1787680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The aim of this study was to measure the mechanical properties and failure mode of an <i>ex vivo</i> model of proximal interphalangeal arthrodesis in horses with different methods of proximal screw fixation using a locking compression plate.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> Pastern joint arthrodesis with a 3-hole 4.5-mm narrow locking compression plate was performed on 20 forelimbs of equine cadavers, randomized into four groups based on the fixation method and type of proximal screw used: unicortical cortex, bicortical cortex, unicortical locking, bicortical locking. Single-cycle axial compression testing was conducted until failure. The frequency of implant plastic deformation was recorded. Bone failure analysis was performed through computed tomography examinations and fractal analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> There were no differences in the analysed mechanical variables and fractal dimension among the groups. Transarticular screws showed a higher frequency of deformation (75%) regardless of the group. Both unicortical locking and bicortical locking groups deformed the plate more frequently.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> The type of screw used in the proximal hole of the locking compression plate and its method of anchoring in the proximal phalanx do not affect the mechanical properties of pastern arthrodesis in equine cadavers subjected to single-cycle axial compression tests until failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"263-272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eloy H P Curuci, Bruno W Minto, Thais V Magalhães, Luciano P de Barros, Luis Gustavo G G Dias
{"title":"Double-Cut Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy for the Management of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Insufficiency in Dogs with an Excessive Plateau Angle: Early Clinical Results in 16 Dogs.","authors":"Eloy H P Curuci, Bruno W Minto, Thais V Magalhães, Luciano P de Barros, Luis Gustavo G G Dias","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1790208","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1790208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> To describe a modification of the tibial plateau leveling osteotomy technique wherein a double cut is made in the same plane to level the tibial plateau (double-cut tibial plateau leveling osteotomy [DCTPLO]) for treating dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) and excessive tibial plateau angle (eTPA) diseases.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> The DCTPLO technique was performed on 18 stifles in dogs with CrCL and an eTPA (>34°). This study evaluated the accuracy of preoperative planning, feasibility of the technique, postoperative clinical outcomes, radiographic examinations at the postoperative follow-up for the first 120 days, evolution of the tibial plateau angle (TPA), time of union of the osteotomy, apposition of the implants, and possible complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The described technique proved to be feasible for clinical application, with reproducibility from preoperative planning. An effective reduction in the eTPA levels was observed. The mean preoperative and postoperative TPA values were 39.4° (36°-43.5°) and 6.3° (3°-13°), respectively. Radiographic healing time was 60 days in 17/18 of stifles. Minor complications (not requiring surgical review or clinical treatment) were observed in 4/18 of stifles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> The DCTPLO technique was effective for treating CrCL disease with TPA of up to 43.5° in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"297-303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142127266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helka Heikkilä, Vilma Reunanen, Heli K Hyytiäinen, Jouni J T Junnila, Outi Laitinen-Vapaavuori, Pauli Keränen
{"title":"Randomized, Blinded, Controlled Clinical Trial of Polylactide-Collagen Scaffold in Treatment of Shoulder Osteochondritis Dissecans in Dogs.","authors":"Helka Heikkilä, Vilma Reunanen, Heli K Hyytiäinen, Jouni J T Junnila, Outi Laitinen-Vapaavuori, Pauli Keränen","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788726","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1788726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The aim of our study was to investigate a degradable polylactide-collagen scaffold (COPLA) in the treatment of shoulder osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) in dogs.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> The study was a controlled, randomized, blinded clinical trial with a parallel group design with a 1.5-year follow-up. Twenty dogs with uni- or bilateral shoulder OCD (29 shoulders) were randomized to receive a COPLA or arthroscopic debridement only (Control). The outcome of treatment was assessed with gait and stance analysis, passive range of motion measurement, pain and lameness evaluation, Helsinki Chronic Pain Index, and computed tomography (CT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Eighteen dogs (25 shoulders) completed the study. The clinical outcome variables improved significantly from baseline in COPLA and Control groups after treatment but no significant differences emerged between groups. Significantly fewer COPLA than Control shoulders had osteoarthritis (OA) in CT at 6 months (<i>p</i> = 0.019) but the difference was not significant at 1.5 years. At 1.5 years, all dogs were sound and pain-free in joint palpation, but OA was diagnosed in 13/18 dogs (18/25 shoulders) with CT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> The results suggest that COPLA scaffold slowed down the development of OA at 6 months but it did not improve the clinical recovery or prevent OA in dogs with shoulder OCD in long-term follow-up at 1.5 years compared with arthroscopic debridement only. Regardless of the treatment method, clinical recovery was good, but OA developed in the majority of dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"286-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11555192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christina Obel, Veronica Rondahl, Cecilia Rohdin, Lisa Friling, Annika Bergström
{"title":"Pathology of the Proximal Radius in Juvenile Pugs.","authors":"Christina Obel, Veronica Rondahl, Cecilia Rohdin, Lisa Friling, Annika Bergström","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1790592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1790592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to describe the physeal pathology of the proximal radius in four skeletally immature male Pugs. Physical examination, radiography, and computed tomography (CT) of the thoracic limbs were performed in all four dogs. Two Pugs were available for long-term follow-up and two Pugs were euthanatized after the diagnostic imaging results. Four male Pugs, aged between 6 and 7 months, were presented with a history of thoracic limb lameness lasting 2 to 3 months. Radiography and CT of the thoracic limbs showed irregularity of the proximal radial physes with varying degrees of radiolucency within the adjacent metaphyses. The pathology was associated with elbow joint incongruity and angular deformity of the antebrachium. Two dogs were euthanatized, one of which was autopsied, and histopathology of the proximal radius revealed bilateral physeal dysplasia. At long-term follow-up of the two surviving dogs, lameness had resolved. Radiography and CT scans of the thoracic limbs revealed normal bone opacity within the proximal radius and resolution of the radiolucent areas of the proximal radial physes. However, incongruity of the radioulnar joint remained. In this report, the resolution of identified physeal pathology at the proximal radius in juvenile Pugs demonstrates the potential for spontaneous remission despite the presence of notable radiographic changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}