Yael Huerta, Barbro Filliquist, Kimberly A Agnello, Jason A Syrcle, Po-Yen Chou, Tanya C Garcia, Anna M Massie
{"title":"Evaluation of Osteotomy Healing in Boxer Dogs Undergoing Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy Using Two Radiographic Scoring Systems.","authors":"Yael Huerta, Barbro Filliquist, Kimberly A Agnello, Jason A Syrcle, Po-Yen Chou, Tanya C Garcia, Anna M Massie","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788908","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1788908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The aim of this study was to (1) compare 5-point and 10-point bone healing radiographic scoring systems using postoperative tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) radiographs and (2) determine whether Boxer osteotomy healing time differs from age-matched Labrador Retrievers.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> This was a multicentre retrospective study. Fifty-eight client-owned dogs undergoing TPLO (29 Boxers and 29 Labrador Retrievers) were included. Five board-certified surgeons evaluated the radiographs three independent times. Osteotomy healing approximately 8 weeks postoperatively was graded using previously reported 5-point and 10-point scoring systems and immediate postoperative radiographs were assessed for the presence of an osteotomy gap of ≥1 mm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Both scoring systems had good consistency among observers. Intraobserver consistency was good in three out of five observers using the 5-point system and in four out of five observers using the 10-point system. Boxers had significantly lower radiographic healing scores at 8 weeks postoperatively compared with Labrador Retrievers using both scoring systems (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). The presence of an osteotomy gap postoperatively resulted in significantly lower healing scores at 8 weeks using both scoring systems (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in both breeds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> No difference was found in inter- and intraobserver variability between scoring systems. Boxer dogs had lower healing scores at 8 weeks after TPLO compared with Labrador Retrievers. An osteotomy gap of ≥1 mm was associated with lower healing scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lik Hang Lai, Daniel Reynolds James, Richard Charles Appleyard, Joseph Cadman
{"title":"Biomechanical Comparison of Three Locking Compression Plate Constructs from Three Manufacturers under Cyclic Torsional Loading in a Fracture Gap Model.","authors":"Lik Hang Lai, Daniel Reynolds James, Richard Charles Appleyard, Joseph Cadman","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788920","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1788920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The aim of the study was to compare the stiffness and cyclic fatigue of locking compression plate constructs from three manufacturers, DePuy Synthes (DPS), Knight Benedikt (KB), and Provet Veterinary Instrumentation (Vi), under cyclic torsion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> The constructs of DPS, KB, and Vi were assembled by fixing a 10-hole 3.5-mm stainless steel locking compression plate 1 mm away from a validated bone model with a fracture gap of 47 mm. The corresponding drill guides and locking screws were used. Three groups of six constructs were tested in cyclic torsion until failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> There was no significant difference in initial stiffness between DPS constructs (28.83 ± 0.84 N·m/rad) and KB constructs (28.38 ± 0.81 N·m/rad), and between KB constructs and Vi constructs (27.48 ± 0.37 N·m/rad), but the DPS constructs were significantly stiffer than the Vi constructs. The DPS constructs sustained the significantly highest number of cycles (24,833 ± 2,317 cycles) compared with KB constructs (16,167 ± 1,472 cycles) and Vi constructs (19,833 ± 4,792 cycles), but the difference between KB and Vi constructs was not significant. All constructs failed by screw damage at the shaft between the plate and the bone model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> DPS constructs showed superior initial torsional stiffness and cyclic fatigue life than Vi constructs, whereas KB and Vi constructs shared comparable results. Further investigation is required to assess the clinical significance of these biomechanical differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"25-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julien Boullenger, Clémentine Beyer, Paul Sériot, Emilien Griffeuille, Sophie Gibert, Antoine Dunié-Mérigot
{"title":"Clinical Presentation, Surgical Treatment, and Outcome of Traumatic Patellar Luxation in 11 Dogs and 5 Cats: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study between 2011 and 2022.","authors":"Julien Boullenger, Clémentine Beyer, Paul Sériot, Emilien Griffeuille, Sophie Gibert, Antoine Dunié-Mérigot","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1790220","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1790220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> Patellar luxation (PL) is commonly diagnosed in dogs and cats; however, a traumatic cause is poorly reported in the literature. The aim of this study was to report the clinical presentation, surgical treatment, and outcome in dogs and cats surgically treated for traumatic PL.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> This is a retrospective study. Medical records of dogs and cats operated for traumatic PL were reviewed. Short- and long-term follow-ups were assessed with medical records and telephone interviews with owners and referring veterinarians. Data on signalment, lameness, PL characteristics, surgery, complications, and outcome were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Eleven dogs and 5 cats were included. Both species had a median lameness grade of 4/5 and a median PL grade of 3/4. PL was medial in most cases (13/16). Joint capsule lesions were identified in 15 cases, 4 cases had trochlear ridge cartilage damage. All cases had a capsular imbrication, 12 cases had a fabello-patellar suture (FPS). Mean long-term follow-up time was 70.8 ± 42.5 months in 9 dogs and 4 cats. Ten cases out of 13 had no lameness at the 2-month follow-up, and 11/13 cases had no long-term lameness. Eleven cases out of 13 had no PL at the 2-month follow-up. No long-term PL was reported by owners. Complications were mild in 5 cases, moderate in 1, severe in 3. Functional outcome was full in 10 cases and acceptable in 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Soft tissue techniques and FPS were effective in the surgical treatment of traumatic PL in dogs and cats, resulting in acceptable to full long-term function in all cases, with limited severe complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142127264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lars de Jong, Joachim Lucas Jozef Proot, Lorenzo Josepha Paul Pillin, Luc August Adèle Janssens
{"title":"Minimally Invasive Placement of Cannulated Headless Compression Screws for Reduction of Sacroiliac Luxation in 14 Cats.","authors":"Lars de Jong, Joachim Lucas Jozef Proot, Lorenzo Josepha Paul Pillin, Luc August Adèle Janssens","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1793944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1793944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> To describe percutaneous fluoroscopy-guided placement of self-drilling, self-tapping, 3.0 mm cannulated headless compression screws (HCS) for surgical reduction of sacroiliac luxation (SIL) in cats, and to document clinical outcome.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong> Medical records of cats with SIL, managed by percutaneous fluoroscopy-guided placement of a 3.0 mm HCS, were reviewed. Short-term outcome was assessed by clinical examination and radiographs. Long-term outcome was assessed using an owner questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> A total of 14 cats, with 17 SIL (11 unilateral and 3 bilateral), were included. Mean postoperative sacroiliac joint reduction was 85%, median sacral purchase was 63% for unilateral and 38% for bilateral HCS, and pelvic canal diameter ratio and hemipelvic canal width ratio were satisfactory in all cases. At follow-up, all cats exhibited satisfactory clinical improvement. Radiographic assessment revealed no implant-related complications of the unilateral HCS; however, screw loosening was observed in 3/6 of bilateral HCS. Owner satisfaction was good, with 10/11 of owners being very satisfied and 1/11 being satisfied.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong> Percutaneous fluoroscopy-guided placement of a 3.0 mm HCS is a safe and effective method for unilateral surgical reduction of SIL in cats. Further studies are needed to establish the most appropriate procedure to treat bilateral SIL.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brett Walter de Bruyn, Mark Glyde, Robert Day, Giselle Hosgood
{"title":"Reply to the Comments on the Effect of an Orthogonal Locking Plate and Primary Plate Working Length on Construct Stiffness and Plate Strain in an In vitro Fracture-Gap Model.","authors":"Brett Walter de Bruyn, Mark Glyde, Robert Day, Giselle Hosgood","doi":"10.1055/a-2496-2233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2496-2233","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comments on the Effect of an Orthogonal Locking Plate and Primary Plate Working Length on Construct Stiffness and Plate Strain in an In vitro Fracture-Gap Model.","authors":"Christos Nikolaou","doi":"10.1055/a-2496-2187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2496-2187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel M G Perez Neto, Leonardo A L Muzzi, Fábio L Santos, Ruthnea A L Muzzi, Fernando Y K Kawamoto, Luciane R Mesquita, Bruno W Minto
{"title":"Biomechanical Evaluation of a Femoral Implant for Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty in Dogs: An Ex Vivo Study.","authors":"Daniel M G Perez Neto, Leonardo A L Muzzi, Fábio L Santos, Ruthnea A L Muzzi, Fernando Y K Kawamoto, Luciane R Mesquita, Bruno W Minto","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1800818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1800818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The objective of this study was to assess the stability of the femoral component of a hip resurfacing arthroplasty prosthesis in canine cadaveric bone using a biomechanical test.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> Twenty adult dog cadavers were utilized, from which both femoral bones were extracted and preserved for experimentation. For each pair of femurs from the same animal, one femur underwent implantation of the hip resurfacing arthroplasty prosthesis, while the contralateral femur remained intact. All femoral specimens underwent flexo-compression biomechanical testing, with variables including maximum load (ML), load at collapse (LC), displacement at maximum load (DML), displacement at collapse (DC), and stiffness (k) being analysed. Subsequent to the biomechanical evaluation, the femoral specimens were radiographed to assess failure behaviour.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The prosthesis group showed a reduction of 22% (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.050) for the ML variable and 27% (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) for LC values. The prosthetic group supported a mean ML equivalent to six times the body weight of the animals whose bones were tested. No significant disparities were detected between the groups for the other analysed variables (DML, DC, and k). Similar failure patterns, such as fractures in the femoral neck region, were observed in specimens from both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> The hip resurfacing arthroplasty prosthesis demonstrated biomechanical performance with no differences in DML, DC, and k but showed inferior performance in ML and LC when compared with intact femurs in the <i>ex vivo</i> setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Transection during TPLO on Patellar Desmitis in Dogs with Partial Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture.","authors":"Mariana Almeida, Véronique Livet","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1795088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1795088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The aim of this study was to assess the protective effect of transecting a partially ruptured cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) during tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) surgery on postoperative patellar ligament thickness (PLT) and shortening.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> Dogs with partial CCL rupture that underwent a unilateral TPLO were included. The population was divided into two groups: remnant CCL transected (study group) and left in situ (control group). Preoperative and 6-week postoperative measurements of PLT, in three specific locations, and patellar ligament length (PLL) were collected. Risk factors for PLT and shortening were also included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Fifty-two dogs (56 stifles) with partial CCL rupture were retrospectively included. Twenty-nine stifles (51.8%) had the remnant CCL transected (study group) and 27 stifles (48.2%) had the remnant CCL left in situ (control group). Significant differences were found on PLT measurements between pre- and 6-week post-surgery for all three ligament locations with greatest difference at the middle region. Median PLL was significantly shorter 6-week post-surgery for both groups. No significant differences in PLT nor PLL were identified between procedures where the remnant was transected or not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> This study did not identify a protective effect of transecting the CCL remnant on PLT or patellar ligament shortening, contrary to other reports within the literature. Further investigation is needed in the form of prospective studies with higher number of cases to understand the clinical implications of patellar ligament thickening and shortening in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tibial Torsion Malalignment in Small Dogs with Medial Patellar Luxation.","authors":"Arata Isono, Yasuji Harada, Nobuo Kanno, Yasushi Hara","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1796628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1796628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> Medial patellar luxation (MPL) is prevalent in small dogs; however, the causes vary, and few studies have reported tibial deformities. We aimed to conduct a detailed morphological investigation of internal tibial torsion and internal foot rotation and compare the results between MPL grades to better understand the pathogenesis of MPL.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong> We performed a morphological study of the tibia and comparison with MPL grade, and established a new parameter, metatarsal orientation relative to the orientation of the tibial tuberosity, the proximal tibia metatarsal angle (PTMTA). The distal tibia metatarsal angle was also established, and tibial torsion angle (TTA), mechanical medial proximal tibial angle, medial distance of the tibial tuberosity/proximal tibial width, and crural rotation angle were compared among the grades of MPL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The PTMTA was significantly higher in grades 3 and 4 than in the normal group. TTA, medial distance of the tibial tuberosity/proximal tibial width, and mechanical medial proximal tibial angle were significantly higher in grade 4 than in the other grades, which is consistent with previous reports. A correlation was also observed between the PTMTA and the TTA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> The PTMTA functioned as a parameter that included elements of the distal tibia metatarsal angle, TTA, and medial distance of the tibial tuberosity/proximal tibial width, and is considered clinically useful because it can be visually ascertained during palpation. Our results may play a major role in surgical decision-making in the treatment of MPL.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esa V Eskelinen, Ari P Suhonen, Juha V Virolainen, William D Liska
{"title":"Outcome and Complications Following Medial Patellar Luxation Corrective Surgery with Tibial Tuberosity Transposition Using a Locking Plate and a Pin Fixation: 45 Unilateral and 20 Single-Session Bilateral Procedures.","authors":"Esa V Eskelinen, Ari P Suhonen, Juha V Virolainen, William D Liska","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1795087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1795087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong> To evaluate the outcome and complications in dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL) undergoing tibial tuberosity transposition (TTT) with a locking plate and pin fixation (Plate-Pin).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> This retrospective multicenter study included 65 consecutive MPL stifle surgeries using tibial tuberosity (TT) fixation with a 5-hole locking plate and a pin. The median weight of the dogs was 6.2 kg. The grade of luxation was 2/4 in 50 stifles and 3/4 in 15 stifles. Outcomes were assessed during follow-up examinations 33 to 648 days after surgery with clinical examination and radiography. Canine Orthopedic Index questionnaires were sent to owners 6 to 39 months after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Complications were reported in 14/65 stifles, of which 8/14 were minor and 6/14 were major. After treatment of the major complications, lameness was resolved in all cases and the MPL was resolved in 64/65 stifles.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong> When the surgery was performed as described in this article, Plate-Pin fixation for TT during MPL surgery is a feasible technique with a lower incidence of luxation recurrence, TT avulsion, and fractures compared with recent retrospective studies with pin and tension band wire TT fixation. Further development of the locking plate TT fixation is indicated to resolve pin-related complications and to determine if fixation including a pin is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":51204,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}