Medicinski Glasnik最新文献

{"title":"Red algae extract suppresses caspase-3 gene expression and induces catalase antioxidant enzyme in testicles of rats induced by boric acid.","authors":"Ayu Renda Sari,&nbsp;Joko Wahyu Wibowo,&nbsp;Sri Priyantini,&nbsp;Agung Putra,&nbsp;Nur Dina Amalina","doi":"10.17392/1600-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17392/1600-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim To determine the effect of red algae extract on the gene expression of catalase and caspase-3 in testicules of rats induced by boric acid (BA). Methods This is experimental research with post-test control group design. Twenty four healthy male Wistar rats were divided into four treatment groups: a healthy group, negative control group, two treatment groups with red algae extract 400mg/kgBW/day (T1) and red algae extract 800mg/kgBW/day (T2). Each group was treated with BA 500mg/kgBW/day for 14 days, whereas the healthy group did not receive BA. In the treatment groups T1 and T2 were given red algae extract for 14 days. On day 15 all treatment groups were terminated and catalase and caspase-3 gene expression were analysed using qRT-PCR. Results In the healthy group, the expression of the catalase gene was 1.39±0.67 and the expression of the caspase-3 gene was 1.06±0.17. In the negative control group, there was a significant decrease in catalase gene expression, 0.68±0.27 (p<0.05), and a significant increase in caspase-3 gene expression, 5.71±2.47 (p<0.05). Treatment groups T1 and T2 showed a significant increase in catalase gene expression, 2.67±0.69; and 2.85±0.64, respectively (p<0.05) and caspase-3, 3.96±1,16 and 1.89±0.84, respectively, compared to the control group. Conclusion: The administration of red algae extract had a significant effect on increasing the expression of the catalase gene and decreasing the expression of the caspase-3 gene. This suggests that red algae extract has the potential to be developed as a protective agent against exposure to the effects of BA.</p>","PeriodicalId":51129,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Glasnik","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10138293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of the inclination of the tentorium cerebellum and the volume of the posterior cranial fossa.","authors":"Redžib Direković,&nbsp;Hakija Bečulić,&nbsp;Zdenka Krivokuća","doi":"10.17392/1568-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17392/1568-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim To investigate the influence of the inclination and insertion of the cerebellar tentorium on the posterior cranial fossa (PCF) volume. Methods A retrospective, non-randomized study including 174 patients (117 females and 57 males) who underwent magnetic resonance imaging in the period from 31 December 2020 to 1 June 2021 under the indication (mostly headache) set by a competent ordinary. Acute or chronic intracranial events were not verified in the patients. Results The average value of the PCF volume was 138.93 cm³ and the slope of the tentorium was 44.15°. Comparing the volume of the PCF and the slope of the tentorium in males and females no significant difference was found. A correlation was found in the females age groups 18-24 and 45-54 years. Conclusion Understanding dimensions of the posterior cranial fossa morphometry has clear implications for reducing morbidity and mortality in surgery, especially in the case of applying lateral approaches and their variations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51129,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Glasnik","volume":"20 2","pages":"112-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10010742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of postoperative bleeding using harmonic scalpel and LigaSure in thyroid surgery: a 15-year single-centre retrospective study.","authors":"Francesk Mulita,&nbsp;George Theofanis,&nbsp;Georgios-Ioannis Verras,&nbsp;Elias Liolis,&nbsp;Vasileios Papanikos,&nbsp;Levan Tchabashvili,&nbsp;Konstantinos Tasios,&nbsp;Fotios Iliopoulos,&nbsp;Christos Tsilivigkos,&nbsp;Dimitrios Kehagias,&nbsp;Charalampos Kaplanis,&nbsp;Andreas Antzoulas,&nbsp;Angelos Samaras,&nbsp;Nikolas Drakos,&nbsp;Ioannis Panagiotopoulos,&nbsp;Vasileios Leivaditis,&nbsp;Dimitrios Filis,&nbsp;Ioannis Maroulis,&nbsp;Konstantinos Bouchagier,&nbsp;Marina Michalaki","doi":"10.17392/1629-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17392/1629-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim Thyroidectomy is the most common operation in the field of endocrine surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the use of LigaSure vessel (LS) and harmonic scalpel (HS) in 1653 total thyroidectomies between January 2008 and March of 2023, with regards to analysis of surgical bleeding complications duration the hospital stay and operative surgical time. Methods It is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database. Patients have been categorized into two groups: Group A included 718 patients from January 2008 to May 2013 when LS was used, and the Group B included 935 patients from June 2013 to March 2023 when HS was used. Results From the total of 14 postoperative bleeding cases that occurred in patients of Group A, only in 4 of them it was necessary to have a reoperation. The other 10 cases involved minor haemorrhages, while from the total of 6 postoperative bleeding cases that happened to patients of Group B, there were 4 cases that needed a reoperation (p-value >0.05) and 2 patients with minor haemorrhages. The postoperative evaluation of minor bleedings revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups (p-value < 0.05). The average hospital stay was similar in the two groups. Conclusion Both devices exhibit identical safety profiles in thyroidectomies specifically regarding major bleeding complications that require reoperation. Additionally, HS was found to be more effective at achieving haemostasis, especially in the subgroup of patients with thyroid carcinoma. The results of the present study may be useful for high-volume centres performing numerous thyroidectomies every day.</p>","PeriodicalId":51129,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Glasnik","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10010746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass (MICS CABG) in Bosnia and Herzegovina: a single centre, single surgeon cohort experience.","authors":"Nermir Granov,&nbsp;Armin Šljivo,&nbsp;Ermina Mujičić,&nbsp;Damir Rebić,&nbsp;Alen Džubur,&nbsp;Edin Begić,&nbsp;Tarik Selimović,&nbsp;Zlatan Zvizdić,&nbsp;Almir Fajkić,&nbsp;Asmir Jonuzi,&nbsp;Edin Kabil,&nbsp;Slavenka Štraus","doi":"10.17392/1571-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17392/1571-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim This is the first research in Bosnia and Herzegovina presenting minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (MICS CABG) experience, advantages, and outcomes as compared to conventional surgery (OPEN CABG). Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2019 and November 2022 and included patients with indication for surgical revascularization. Results Among 237 patients, males predominated, 182 (76.7%), with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 28.4±3.9, median The Society of Thoracic Surgery Risk (STS) score of 1.55 (0.8, 4.0), short term STS score of 11.2 (6.8, 23.7), mean age of 64.8±8.7 (ranging 41-83) years, 122 (51.4%) underwent OPEN CABG and 115 (48.6%) MICS CABG. MICS CABG took less time (p<0.001; OPEN 3.5±0.8h; MICS 2.8±0.8h) and needed less mechanical ventilation (p<0.001, OPEN 17.3±11.9h; MICS 13.0±12.5h) than OPEN CABG. Even though there was no difference in hospitalization length between groups (OPEN (7.5±3.2), MICS (7.1±4.0)), patients receiving MICS (2.9±1.5) spent less time in the ICU (p=0.0013) than OPEN CABG (3.6±2.8). OPEN CABG used also more blood derivatives, red blood cells (OPEN 292 vs MICS 55), plasma (OPEN 270 vs MICS 86) and platelets (OPEN 71 vs MICS 28). Conclusion Patients undergoing MICS CABG in Bosnia and Herzegovina had less mechanical ventilation hours and less ICU duration compared to OPEN CABG even though the hospitalization duration was very similar. MICS CABG takes less time to be conducted, has fewer CPRs postoperatively, uses less blood derivatives including red blood cells, plasma and platelets.</p>","PeriodicalId":51129,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Glasnik","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9599390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro effectiveness of the avocado peel extract (Persea americana Mill) as an antifungal against Trichophyton rubrum, the cause of dermatophytosis.","authors":"Ira Armayanti,&nbsp;Meidina K Wardani,&nbsp;Ariyati Yosi","doi":"10.17392/1587-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17392/1587-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim To determine the effectiveness of avocado peel extract (<i>Persea americana</i> Mill) as an antifungal against <i>T. rubrum</i>, which causes dermatophytosis. Methods <i>In vitro</i> laboratory experimental study using a post-testonly control group design analysed active compounds of avocado peel and continued with the antifungal activity test. In each group divided according to the concentration of 0% (negative control), 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, 62.5%, 75%, and positive control (2% ketoconazole) antifungal activity test was carried out using the fungus <i>T. rubrum</i> ATCC 28188 for five repetitions. Results The avocado peel extract contained phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and glycosides. Antifungal activity test showed a significant difference with the highest mean inhibition zone diameter of <i>T. rubrum</i>, which was demonstrated at a concentration of 75%. Conclusion Avocado peel extract is useful to inhibit growth of <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i> in dose dependent.</p>","PeriodicalId":51129,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Glasnik","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9599391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular-genetics analysis of 15 STR loci in sibship testing in isolated rural Bosnian population - the use of the grey zone.","authors":"Jasmin Mušanović,&nbsp;Azra Metović,&nbsp;Esad Pepić,&nbsp;Almira Lujinović,&nbsp;Adnan Fojnica,&nbsp;Faruk Husremović,&nbsp;Damir Šečić,&nbsp;Damir Marjanović,&nbsp;Jasmin Šutković","doi":"10.17392/1569-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17392/1569-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim Examination of the effectiveness of STR loci in proving sibship of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian village of Orahovica and the formation of a \"grey zone\". Methods The probability of sibship was determined by calculating the likelihood ratio (LR) parameter for each of the 15 observed STR loci and for each of the pairs of relatives and non-relatives. Cumulative sibship index (CSI) was calculated for each of the pairs by multiplying the LR values of all 15 loci and obtained values are used as CSI limit for separating relatives from non-relatives. By creating a grey zone for local populations, an attempt was made to obtain a line of demarcation between siblings and non-siblings. Results An analysis of the origin of the respondents' relatives was performed, up to the level of sibship in the third generation. The results of the CSI for pairs of relatives from the village of Orahovica showed that the highest CSI value, and therefore the sibship probability was recorded among relatives from the village of Orahovica (CSI=534211727.203;SP=99.999999812%). On the contrary, incredibly low CSI value was recorded among non-relatives,ranging from CSI=0.0000001 to 0.5261434 (SP=0.000009999% to 34.475357951%). Conclusion For the threshold value CSI=1 and for CSI=3, this method determined sibship in 100% of pairs of relatives and the absence of biological sibship in 100% of pairs of non-relatives in the village of Orahovica. The STR system is proved to be a successful method in determining sibship or absence of sibship in small local populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51129,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Glasnik","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9509332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors associated with the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients.","authors":"Sehveta Mustafić,&nbsp;Alma Mujić-Ibralić,&nbsp;Fatima Hukić,&nbsp;Mirza Atić,&nbsp;Amila Jašarević,&nbsp;Daniela Lončar,&nbsp;Humera Porobić-Jahić,&nbsp;Amela Selimović,&nbsp;Nedim Jahić","doi":"10.17392/1573-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17392/1573-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim To determine risk factors associated with the development and severity of secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients. Methods A cross-sectional study at the Clinical Centre of the University of Tuzla (March 2022) included 104 adult patients (males 51.9%, females 48.1%) with chronic kidney diseases under dialysis treatment. Based on parathyroid hormone (PTH) values, patients were divided into two groups: study group (45/104, PTH >792pg/mL) and control group (59/104, PTH 176-792 pg/ mL). The analysis aimed to resolve whether there was a connection between the duration of dialysis, the type of therapy treatment administered, the underlying kidney disease, and the presence of comorbidities with the values of PTH, and a wide spectrum of monitored laboratory parameters. Results The most common causes of chronic renal failure were undefined kidney diseases (32.7%), followed by diabetic nephropathy (18.3%) and chronic glomerulonephritis (16.3%). In the examined biochemical parameters, a significant difference was found in mean values of alkaline phosphatase (p<0.001). The correlation was proved between the duration of dialysis (p=0.028), the values of phosphorus (p=0.031), and alkaline phosphatase (p<0.001) with absolute values of PTH. The most common present comorbidity was hypertension (78.8%), followed by cardiovascular diseases (40.4%) and diabetes (22.1%). Conclusion A number of factors contribute to the development and severity of SHPT. Modulation of therapy and better control of risk parameters can prolong and reduce the frequency of SHPT in dialysis patients, as well as the occurrence of comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51129,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Glasnik","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9602183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A correlation of demographic characteristics, preoperative conservative therapy and timing with postoperative outcome in herniated disc-associated cauda equina syndrome: Do they really matter?","authors":"Hakija Bečulić,&nbsp;Emir Begagić,&nbsp;Rasim Skomorac,&nbsp;Aldin Jusić,&nbsp;Alma Efendić,&nbsp;Edin Selimović,&nbsp;Anes Mašović,&nbsp;Lejla Bečulić","doi":"10.17392/1630-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17392/1630-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim To examine a correlation of demographic characteristics of patients, preoperative modality of conservative therapy and timing on the postoperative outcome of patients six months after the operation. Methods A retrospective, non-randomized, clinical study involved 48 patients of different age and gender with a verified diagnosis of cauda equina syndrome (CES). The inclusion criteria were patients with CES caused by discus hernia. Observed research variables were age, gender, affected vertebral level, conservative modalities of perioperative therapy (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - NSAIDs and physiotherapy), duration of symptoms, and outcome parameters (motor and sensory function, sphincter function of the urinary bladder and bowel). Results A statistically significant negative correlation was found between age and postoperative outcome (p<0.05). The affected vertebral level was positively correlated with the motor and sensory outcome (p<0.05). A positive correlation between the use of NSAIDs and the outcome was found (R=0.570; p<0.001), as well as a negative correlation with perioperative physiotherapy (R=-0.201; p= 0.001). Postponement of surgery was negatively correlated with outcome variables (p<0.001). Conclusion The results of the study bring new conclusions that were not previously observed. Possible new characteristics associated with the outcome of cauda equina syndrome were determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":51129,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Glasnik","volume":"20 2","pages":"269-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10010743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of nebulized hypertonic saline versus normal saline in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in inpatient infants.","authors":"Ganimeta Bakalović,&nbsp;Tarik Jarkoč,&nbsp;Nedim Begić,&nbsp;Orhan Lepara,&nbsp;Dejan Bokonjić,&nbsp;Dušan Mihajlović,&nbsp;Amela Pasić,&nbsp;Almir Fajkić","doi":"10.17392/1560-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17392/1560-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim Compare the efficacy of nebulized hypertonic saline and normal saline in the treatment of infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis. Methods This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Pulmonology, Paediatric Clinic, Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo, covering the period from January 2015 to December 2019 and comprising 380 children aged between 1 and 12 months having bronchiolitis. One group received nebulized hypertonic saline (NHS, 3% NaCl)), and another group received nebulized normal saline (NNS, 0.9% NaCl). The control group did not receive any of these treatment options. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups regarding length of hospital stay (LOS) and Clinical Severity Score (CSS) at admission and discharge as well as in oxygen therapy duration and antibiotic use, the duration of symptoms before hospital admission, frequency of nasal discharge, elevated temperature, dyspnoea, cough and dehydration. Conclusion The results of this study are consistent with several recent studies or meta-analyses and support the evidence against the use of NHS in hospitalized infants with mild or moderate bronchiolitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51129,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Glasnik","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9599393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxic secretome mesenchymal stem cells inhibiting interleukin-6 expression prevent oxidative stress in type 1 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Ayuningtyas Utami,&nbsp;Agung Putra,&nbsp;Joko Wahyu Wibowo,&nbsp;Nur Dina Amalina,&nbsp;Risky Chandra Satria Irawan","doi":"10.17392/1538-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17392/1538-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aim Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the chronic inflammation of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Hyperglycaemia leads to suppressed antioxidant enzyme and increased inflammation in the pancreatic cell, resulting in pancreatic cell death. Hypoxic secretome mesenchymal stem cells (HS-MSCs) are soluble molecules secreted by MSCS that have the antiinflammation ability by secreting various cytokines including IL-10 and TGF-β which potent as a promising therapeutic modality for T1DM. This study aims to investigate the role of HS-MSCs in regulating superoxide dismutase (SOD) and caspase-3 gene expression in T1DM model. Methods Twenty male Wistar rats (6 to 8 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups (sham, control, HS-MSCs 0.5 mL and HS-MSCs 1 mL intraperitoneal treatment group). Streptozotocin (STZ) 60mg/kgBB was conducted once on day 1, HS-MSCs 0.5mL (T1) and HS-MSCs 1 mL (T2) were administrated intraperitoneally on day 7, 14, and 21 after STZ administration. The rats were sacrificed on day 28; the gene expression of SOD and IL-6 was analysed by qRT-PCR. Results This study showed that the ratio of SOD significantly increased in HS-MSCs treatment associated with suppression of IL-6 gene expression. Conclusion HS-MSCs administration suppresses oxidative stress and inflammation by up regulating SOD and inhibiting IL-6 to control T1DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":51129,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Glasnik","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9599392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}