Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications最新文献

{"title":"Luteolin/polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate hydrogel enhances fibroblast-mediated tissue repair and facilitates pressure injury healing","authors":"Wenyi Huang ,&nbsp;Tongshan Su ,&nbsp;Jiacheng Fan ,&nbsp;Xianxian Chen ,&nbsp;Sen Ye ,&nbsp;Xianjie Chen ,&nbsp;Yu Li ,&nbsp;Qian Shen ,&nbsp;Miaochun Huang ,&nbsp;Hui Li ,&nbsp;Yu Yan ,&nbsp;Chun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism through which luteolin/polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate (Lut/PVA/SA) hydrogel promotes the healing of pressure injury (PI), thereby offering optimized strategies for clinical management. Four formulations of PVA/SA hydrogel were synthesized using chemical cross-linking combined with freeze-thaw cycles. The optimal formulation was then selected based on its physicochemical properties to construct the Lut/PVA/SA drug delivery system. The characterization and biocompatibility of the materials were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, PI/Calcein-AM double staining, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A stage II PI model was established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to evaluate therapeutic efficacy and histopathological changes. Network pharmacology identified potential targets of Lut, with KEGG enrichment analysis and systematic literature review predicting the underlying mechanisms. RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to assess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of the hydrogel. The result showed that Lut/PVA/SA hydrogel exhibited superior physicochemical properties and significantly accelerated wound healing. Treatment with the hydrogel enhanced collagen deposition and increased expression of α-SMA and Collagen I. Compared with model group, treatment with Lut/PVA/SA hydrogel activated the NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway, upregulated the level of SOD and CAT, while downregulated the level of MDA. Additionally, in the Lut/PVA/SA hydrogel groups, the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins BAX and Caspase 3 were downregulated, the expression of anti-apoptotic protein BCL2 was upregulated, resulting in the restoration of the BAX/BCL2 ratio. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) were significantly suppressed. In conclusion, Lut/PVA/SA hydrogel can effectively promote the healing of stage II PI in SD rats. Its therapeutic effect may be attributed to the enhanced antioxidant capacity by activating the NRF2/HO-1 pathway, regulating the BAX/BCL2 ratio to inhibit fibroblast apoptosis, further alleviating the inflammatory microenvironment. These actions collectively promote collagen synthesis to facilitate wound repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214733"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of growth plate organoids via a layered induction based in vitro 3D cultivation system","authors":"Xianggang Wang ,&nbsp;Pan Li ,&nbsp;Mohammad Nour Muselmani ,&nbsp;Peng Gu ,&nbsp;Xinzhan Mao ,&nbsp;Tao Xiao ,&nbsp;Hui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Serious injury to the growth plate often leads to bony bridge formation, resulting in halted long bone growth, angular deformities, and limb length discrepancies. These problems persist unaddressed in the clinic. In this study, we engineered a four-layered growth plate organoid by integrating three-dimensional culture with layer-specific induction techniques. A gelatin/alginate hydrogel scaffold was utilized to recapitulate the architecture of the native growth plate. In the three cartilage zones, bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and chondrocytes were co-cultured at a 3:1 ratio and directed toward chondrogenesis with gradient concentrations of TGF-β3, resulting in cartilage tissue similar to the native growth plate. In the calcified zone, BMP-2 directed BMSCs toward mineralization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to examine the microstructure of the gelatin/alginate hydrogel. Cell-based assays further confirmed the biocompatibility of the 3D culture system. A series of chondrogenic and osteogenic assays validated the successful formation of the organoid. In conclusion, by emulating the growth plate's distinct four-layered organization within a stratified hydrogel and applying targeted differentiation cues, we have established a highly biomimetic in vitro growth plate organoid. This model offers a novel platform for studying growth plate mechanisms and developing potential therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214742"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ photocrosslinking ROS-adaptive caffeoyl chitosan/boronic acid-grafted gelatin hydrogels for treatment of combined radiation-burn injury","authors":"Dongyang Fang ,&nbsp;Shufeng Chen ,&nbsp;Cuixue Wu ,&nbsp;Jinghua Zuo ,&nbsp;Wanmei Wang ,&nbsp;Yaqian Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Liu ,&nbsp;Hanxiao Feng ,&nbsp;Wanli Chu ,&nbsp;Yiguang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Combined radiation-burn injury (CRBI) is a serious wound that is difficult to treat and typically results from radiation therapy, nuclear explosions, or nuclear accidents, where ionizing radiation and thermal burns usually occur simultaneously or sequentially. Excessive expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to CRBI. Caffeic acid (CA) is a common natural antioxidant polyphenol whose clinical application is limited by its poor solubility and low stability. Here, we develop an in situ photocrosslinking caffeoyl chitosan/boronic acid-grafted gelatin hydrogel to treat CRBI. Caffeoyl chitosan (CCS) and boronic acid-grafted gelatin methacrylate (BGM) were synthesized. A CCS/BGM hydrogel was locally formed at the CRBI site due to the formation of dynamic caffeoyl/borate bonds and methacrylate photocrosslinking. The hydrogel showed appropriate swelling rates, mechanical properties, biosafety, and bioadhesion. ROS self-adaptive clearance of the hydrogel was realized by exposing CA phenolic groups after ROS breaking of caffeoyl/borate bonds to remove ROS. The hydrogel showed high mouse CRBI treatment efficacy by alleviating macrophages and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and enhancing the expression of CD31 (a blood vessel formation biomarker). This ROS self-adaptive clearance hydrogel is a promising topical medicine for the treatment of high ROS-expressing CRBI and other complicated wounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214760"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical discussion on the methodological and interpretative aspects of “mineralized extracellular matrix composite scaffold incorporated with salvianolic acid a enhances bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis and promotes calvarial bone regeneration”","authors":"Luis F.O. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214756","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214756"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of 2-deoxy-d-ribose and zinc oxide loaded microneedle array patches of chitosan and PVA to stimulate angiogenesis and reduce infection and promote wound healing","authors":"Kanzal Abbas ,&nbsp;Aimen Masaud Khan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahbaz Nawaz ,&nbsp;Tayyba Sher Waris ,&nbsp;Aamir Razaq ,&nbsp;Anwarul Hasan ,&nbsp;Sheila MacNeil ,&nbsp;Muhammad Yar","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the development of dual-functional, dissolvable microneedle array patches (MN) integrating chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), 2-deoxy-<span>d</span>-ribose (2dDR), and zinc oxide (ZnO) for chronic wound healing applications. The developed MN arrays were characterized using FTIR and SEM, which confirmed the successful incorporation of all components without any undesired chemical reactions, as well as the maintenance of sharp structural integrity of the MNs. Drug release studies demonstrated rapid 2dDR delivery, along with successful penetration into goat ear pinna skin, while antibacterial assays showed concentration-dependent inhibition of <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>E. coli</em>, <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, and <em>Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus</em> by ZnO-containing MNs. Biocompatibility and regenerative potential were assessed through cell viability, fibroblast migration, and CAM assays, indicating enhanced angiogenesis and cell proliferation. <em>In Vivo</em> evaluation using a Sprague–Dawley rat full-thickness wound model revealed that the D1Z-MN formulation (0.1% ZnO) achieved the highest wound closure rate (95% by day 11), superior neovascularization, reduced inflammation, greater re-epithelialization (78.33%), and increased collagen deposition (82.33%) compared to other groups. These results demonstrate that combining 2dDR with an optimal concentration of ZnO in MN patches offers a multifunctional, minimally invasive strategy for infection control, angiogenesis stimulation, and tissue regeneration in wounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214738"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-responsive in situ hydrogel enables superior rectal administration and local efficacy of 5-ASA in inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Elena Giuliano ,&nbsp;Angela Costagliola di Polidoro ,&nbsp;Agnese Gagliardi ,&nbsp;Domenico Sorrentino ,&nbsp;Emanuela Longo ,&nbsp;Sandra Albanese ,&nbsp;Francesco Napolitano ,&nbsp;Valeria Gaetano ,&nbsp;Antonella Zannetti ,&nbsp;Donato Cosco","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that severely compromises quality of life. First-line therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is limited by poor aqueous solubility, rapid upper gastrointestinal absorption and suboptimal colonic bioavailability. Although rectal administration targets the inflamed mucosa directly, conventional suppositories and enemas often reduce adherence due to discomfort and low acceptability.</div><div>A thermo-sensitive <em>in situ</em> gelling hydrogel based on poloxamer 407 (P407) is designed to address these limitations. Exploiting its amphiphilic architecture and reversible sol–gel transition at physiological temperature, P407 enables efficient encapsulation of 5-ASA, enhances mucosal adhesion and sustains local drug release. The optimized formulation demonstrates an ideal gelation profile, high muco-adhesive strength, suitable mechanical resistance, excellent injectability and spreadability, preserving the antioxidant properties of 5-ASA. The drug release profile was prolonged, even under acidic pH conditions. In an inflamed intestinal co-culture model, P407-5-ASA hydrogels markedly reduce macrophage infiltration and TNF-α secretion. In a dextran sodium sulfate-induced murine colitis model, the formulation achieves higher colonic accumulation, prolonged residence time and significantly enhanced anti-inflammatory efficacy of 5-ASA.</div><div>These results underscore the potential of P407-based hydrogels as a high-performance, patient-friendly platform for localized treatment of IBD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214762"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gelatin/starch hydrogel tissue adhesive loaded with EGCG-Zr complex with antibacterial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties for advanced wound healing","authors":"Yahui Xie ,&nbsp;Yun Liu ,&nbsp;Haibo Zhao ,&nbsp;Xuemin Kang ,&nbsp;Haiteng Tao ,&nbsp;Bin Yu ,&nbsp;Bo Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surgical suture techniques are commonly used for hemostasis and wound closure, but they often fail to achieve optimal results, particularly in post-laceration hemostasis and healing. Furthermore, complications such as bacterial infections, oxidative stress, and inflammation often worsen the initial wound, leading to secondary damage. In this study, a novel tissue adhesive was developed by integrating a natural epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and zirconium ion (Zr) chelate complex (EGCG-Zr) into a gelatin/starch hydrogel (GDSH). The resulting multifunctional tissue adhesive (EGCG-Zr@GDSH) exhibits excellent injectability, superior adhesion strength compared with commercial protein fiber-based tissue adhesives, and cytocompatibility. The hydrogel enables the sustained release of EGCG and Zr, providing effective antibacterial effects. <em>In vivo</em> histological analysis of an incision wound model revealed that EGCG-Zr@GDSH promotes angiogenesis and collagen deposition, scavenges reactive oxygen species, restores intracellular redox balance, and mitigates oxidative stress-induced cellular damage. Moreover, it regulates M1 macrophage polarization, thereby reducing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and alleviating inflammation. This hydrogel possesses antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, indicating its application potential as a tissue adhesive and highlighting the importance of immune regulation in tissue repair and regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214769"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable gelatin-based semi-IPN adhesive hydrogel for enhanced self-healing and hemostatic performance","authors":"Ghazal Yaghoubi,&nbsp;Mahshid Kharaziha,&nbsp;Mehran Nahvi","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, we report semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) hydrogels composed of gelatin conjugated with oxidized caffeic acid and L-arginine (L-Arg), and various concentrations of acrylamide (6, 12, and 24 wt%). The resulting semi-IPN hydrogels (A-GelCA-A) provide covalent and dynamic reversible bonding, enabling tunable mechanical performances, self-healing ability, and biological activity. Among all formulations, A-GelCA-A hydrogel containing 12% acrylamide (A-GelCA-12 A), shows the optimized characteristics, including superior strength (4.9 ± 0.1 MPa), appropriate toughness (19.6 ± 2.2 kJ/m³), and viscoelastic stability. This hydrogel also exhibits self-healing ability and strong tissue adhesion (430 ± 20 kPa). Hemostatic evaluations reveal rapid clotting, minimal hemolysis (&lt;5%), and reduced blood loss, attributed to the synergistic role of catechol and guanidinium groups. In vitro and in vivo studies also confirm that A-GelCA-A hydrogels are cytocompatible and could accelerate the wound healing process. These findings suggest that A-GelCA-12 A has the potential for use as a hemostatic adhesive for wound healing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214708"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic hydrogen delivery to treat PANoptosis induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats","authors":"Shu-Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Chen-Hui Li ,&nbsp;Zi-Jun Wei ,&nbsp;Cai-Yun Tang ,&nbsp;Yong Wang ,&nbsp;Fei Yan ,&nbsp;Qian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MIR) injury remains a major clinical challenge with limited therapeutic options. Although molecular hydrogen (H₂) possesses therapeutic potential, its clinical translation is hindered by poor solubility and the lack of targeted delivery and real-time monitoring capabilities. To address this, we developed hydrogen-loaded lipid microbubbles (H₂-MBs) for ultrasound-triggered, spatially controlled H₂ delivery. The fabricated H₂-MBs exhibited uniform spherical morphology (0.92 ± 0.03 μm), high concentration ((1.14 ± 0.07) × 10¹⁰ bubbles/mL), and efficient H₂ encapsulation, enabling real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. In a rat model of MIR injury, intravenous injection of H₂-MBs followed by ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) significantly improved cardiac function (ejection fraction and fractional shortening), reduced infarct size, and attenuated tissue damage. Mechanistic studies revealed that ultrasound-targeted H₂ release suppressed H₂O₂-induced PANoptosis—a synergistic cell death pathway—by concurrently downregulating key mediators of pyroptosis (cleaved caspase-1, GSDMD), apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3/8, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio), and necroptosis (p-RIPK1, p-RIPK3, p-MLKL). Our work presents a robust theranostic microsystem for image-guided, spatiotemporally controlled gas delivery, offering a promising strategy to combat MIR injury through coordinated modulation of inflammatory programmed cell death.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214770"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twin-induced strengthening biodegradable ZnMg alloys for the orthopedic implants","authors":"Li He ,&nbsp;Jiawei Cai ,&nbsp;Yifan Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Lanxin Xiao ,&nbsp;Zhigang Chen ,&nbsp;Weijian Chen ,&nbsp;Hui Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaochuan Li ,&nbsp;Qingshun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodegradable zinc (Zn) has limitations in the orthopedic conditions due to its low mechanical strength. Alloying with magnesium (Mg) and thermomechanical process are effective ways to overcome the limitations. This work demonstrates that the average grain size decreases from 10.4 μm in the as-extruded Zn-0.2 Mg alloys to the lowest value of 3.2 μm after multi-directional compression (MDC) for 18 passes. A notable increase in twin boundary density was observed in the MDC-treated samples, reaching a peak of 53.52%. During processing, dislocation density initially rose and subsequently declined. The refinement of grains and the proliferation of twin boundaries were key factors enhancing the alloy's strength. The as-extruded sample exhibited a tensile strength of 309 MPa and an elongation of 27.8%. Following MDC, strength increased to 408 MPa for both 12p and 18p samples, while peak elongation reached 30.6%. Regarding corrosion behavior, corrosion rates slightly decreased from 0.174 mm/year in the as-extruded condition to 0.139 mm/year after 12p-MDC, a result associated with the formation of stable corrosion films that suppressed localized attack. Furthermore, alloy extracts promoted high cell viability over extended culture durations or under one-fold dilution. Compared to bioinert titanium, the Zn alloy extracts also demonstrated enhanced in vitro osteogenic potential. The in-vivo experiments also demonstrate the formation of more new bone around biodegradable implants. Collectively, these findings suggest a promising route to boost mechanical strength in biodegradable Zn alloys, supporting their potential use in orthopedic implant applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214772"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}