Journal of Pain最新文献

{"title":"Home-based EEG Neurofeedback for the Treatment of Chronic Pain: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"David A. Rice ,&nbsp;Christine Ozolins ,&nbsp;Riya Biswas ,&nbsp;Faisal Almesfer ,&nbsp;Irene Zeng ,&nbsp;Ankit Parikh ,&nbsp;Willis Glen Vile ,&nbsp;Usman Rashid ,&nbsp;Jon Graham ,&nbsp;Michal T. Kluger","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This parallel, 2-arm, blinded, randomized controlled superiority trial examined whether, when added to usual care, active-electroencephalography neurofeedback (EEG NFB) was safe and more effective than sham control-EEG NFB for chronic pain. In total, 116 participants with chronic pain were randomly assigned (1:1) to usual care plus ≥32 sessions of active-EEG NFB upregulating relative alpha power over C4 or usual care plus ≥32 sessions of sham control-EEG NFB. Per-protocol analyses revealed no significant between-group differences in the primary outcome, Brief Pain Inventory average pain (mean difference [95% confidence interval]: −.04 [−.39 to .31], <em>P</em> = .90), or any secondary outcomes. However, 44% of participants in the active-EEG NFB group and 45% in the control-EEG NFB group reported at least a moderate (≥30%), clinically important improvement in Brief Pain Inventory average pain. The number of treatment-emergent adverse events were similar in both groups (<em>P</em> = .83), and none were serious. Post hoc analyses revealed similar upregulated relative alpha power in both groups during training, with concordant positive rewards delivered to the active-EEG group 100% of the time and the control-EEG group ∼25% of the time, suggesting a partially active sham intervention. When added to usual care, the active-EEG NFB intervention used in this study was not superior to the sham control-EEG NFB intervention. However, a large proportion of participants in both groups reported a clinically important reduction in pain intensity. A partially active sham intervention may have obscured between-group differences. The intervention was free of important side effects, with no safety concerns identified.</div></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><div>This study is the first attempt at an appropriately blinded, randomized, sham-controlled trial of alpha EEG NFB for the treatment of chronic pain. The findings may interest people living with chronic pain, clinicians involved in chronic pain management, and may inform the design of future EEG NFB trials.</div></div><div><h3>Trial Registration</h3><div>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12621000667819.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 11","pages":"Article 104651"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THC Vapor Inhalation Attenuates Hyperalgesia in Rats Using a Chronic Inflammatory Pain Model","authors":"Leslie K. Kelley ,&nbsp;Savannah H.M. Lightfoot ,&nbsp;Matthew N. Hill ,&nbsp;Jason W. Middleton ,&nbsp;Nicholas W. Gilpin","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Humans use cannabinoid drugs to alleviate pain. As cannabis and cannabinoids are legalized in the United States for medicinal and recreational use, it has become critical to determine the potential utilities and harms of cannabinoid drugs in individuals living with chronic pain. Here, we tested the effects of repeated ∆⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol ^(THC) vapor inhalation on thermal nociception and mechanical sensitivity, in adult male and female Wistar rats using a chronic inflammatory pain model (ie, treated with complete Freund’s adjuvant [CFA]). We report that repeated THC vapor inhalation rescues thermal hyperalgesia in males and females treated with CFA and also reduces mechanical hypersensitivity in CFA males but not females. Many of the antihyperalgesic effects of chronic THC vapor were still observable 24 hours after cessation of the last THC exposure. We also report plasma levels of THC and its major metabolites, some of which are cannabinoid type-1 receptor agonists, after the first and tenth days of THC vapor inhalation. Finally, we report that systemic administration of the cannabinoid type-1 receptor inverse agonist AM251 (1 mg/kg, I.P.) blocks the antihyperalgesic effects of THC vapor in males and females. These data provide a foundation for future work that will explore the cells and circuits underlying the antihyperalgesic effects of THC vapor inhalation in individuals with chronic inflammatory pain.</div></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><div>Cannabinoids are thought to have potential utility in the treatment of chronic pain, but few animal studies have tested the effects of chronic THC or cannabis in animal models of chronic pain. We tested the effects of repeated THC vapor inhalation on chronic pain-related outcomes in male and female animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 11","pages":"Article 104649"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships Between Applied Mindfulness Practice, Chronic Pain, and Pain-Related Functioning in Veterans","authors":"Collin M. Calvert ,&nbsp;Alex Haley ,&nbsp;Emily M. Hagel Campbell ,&nbsp;Ann Bangerter ,&nbsp;Brent C. Taylor ,&nbsp;Mariah Branson ,&nbsp;Lee J.S. Cross ,&nbsp;Kelli D. Allen ,&nbsp;John E. Ferguson ,&nbsp;Jessica Friedman ,&nbsp;Laura A. Meis ,&nbsp;Diana J. Burgess","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been shown to improve chronic pain and associated conditions like depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. However, there is limited research on how veterans with chronic pain apply mindfulness skills to manage pain in daily life. This cross-sectional study examined the association between applied mindfulness practice, pain, and several pain-related conditions among 1,737 veterans with chronic pain prior to enrollment in a trial of 2 MBIs. Applied mindfulness practice was assessed using the Applied Mindfulness Process Scale (AMPS). The outcomes included pain interference, pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, fatigue, sleep disturbance, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, physical function, and social participation. Higher overall AMPS scores, as well as the positive and negative emotional regulation subscales of the AMPS, were associated with less pain interference and catastrophizing, as well as better outcomes for all pain-related conditions. The positive emotional regulation subscale had the strongest associations with outcomes. There was no significant association between the AMPS and pain intensity. The results suggest applied mindfulness practice, especially positive emotional regulation, may improve pain and functioning. In addition, the AMPS shows promise as a process measure of mindfulness skills applied in daily life. Additional research is needed to examine different aspects of mindfulness in the context of MBIs.</div></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><div>This article describes the relationship between applied mindfulness practice and pain-related outcomes, prior to a MBI, using a novel measure of mindfulness practice. These findings underscore the importance of measuring applied mindfulness practice prior to and during clinical interventions to treat chronic pain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 11","pages":"Article 104648"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconsidering the Role of Weight Loss in Treatment for Chronic Pain: Knee Osteoarthritis as an Exemplar","authors":"KayLoni L. Olson ,&nbsp;Christopher Eccleston","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic pain is prevalent among individuals with higher body weight and associated with greater impairment. As a result, weight loss is a common recommendation for pain management among those with higher body weight. Body weight is an appealing target because it is modifiable and evidence-based treatments to produce weight loss are well-established. In the last 2 decades, there has been a growing line of scientific work investigating the application of weight loss to individuals with chronic pain. This represents an important step to integrate the conceptualization of pain and body weight and there is preliminary work suggesting treatment effects are enhanced when weight loss treatment is combined with pain coping skills. However, weight loss outcomes are variable and difficult to sustain, and access to evidence-based treatment is limited. These concerns are set against the backdrop of growing public and academic concern about the weight-centric approach to health care that dominates western medicine. This is a timely moment to reconsider the conceptualization of weight and pain, and the role of weight loss in chronic pain treatment. Using osteoarthritis as an exemplar, we review the evidence for and clinical uptake of weight loss as a chronic pain management strategy and conclude with key areas for consideration to advance the scientific understanding of these comorbid conditions and how to optimize pain management for individuals of higher body weight.</div></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><div>This focus article critically considers the role of weight loss in management of chronic pain among individuals of higher body. Using knee osteoarthritis as an exemplar, the evidence and clinical uptake of weight loss for pain management is reviewed. Limitations are considered to guide future research and clinical care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 12","pages":"Article 104647"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimal Clinically Important Change of Movement Pain in Musculoskeletal Pain Conditions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Movement pain, which is distinct from resting pain, is frequently reported by individuals with musculoskeletal pain<span>. There is growing interest in measuring movement pain as a primary outcome in clinical trials<span>, but no minimally clinically important change (MCIC) has been established, limiting interpretations. We analyzed data from 315 participants who participated in previous clinical trials (65 with chronic </span></span></span>Achilles tendinopathy; 250 with fibromyalgia) to establish an MCIC for movement pain. A composite movement pain score was defined as the average pain (Numeric Rating Scale: 0–10) during 2 clinically relevant activities. The change in movement pain was calculated as the change in movement pain from pre-intervention to post-intervention. A Global Scale (GS: 1–7) was completed after the intervention on perceived change in </span>health status. Participants were dichotomized into non-responders (GS ≥4) and responders (GS &lt;3). Receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated to determine threshold values and corresponding sensitivity and specificity. We used the Euclidean method to determine the optimal threshold point of the Receiver operating characteristic curve to determine the MCIC. The MCIC for raw change in movement pain was 1.1 (95% confidence interval [CI]: .9–1.6) with a sensitivity of .83 (95% CI: .75–.92) and specificity of .79 (95% CI: .72–.86). For percent change in movement pain the MCIC was 27% (95% CI: 10–44%) with a sensitivity of .79 (95% CI: .70–.88) and a specificity of .82 (95% CI: .72–.90). Establishing an MCIC for movement pain will improve interpretations in clinical practice and research.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>A minimal clinically important change (MCIC) of 1.1- points (95% CI: .9–1.6) for movement pain discriminates between responders and non-responders to rehabilitation. This MCIC provides context for interpreting the meaningfulness of improvement in pain specific to movement tasks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104507"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140121288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voltage-gated Calcium Channels as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Migraine","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Migraine is a complex and highly incapacitating neurological disorder that affects around 15% of the general population with greater incidence in women, often at the most productive age of life. Migraine physiopathology is still not fully understood, but it involves multiple mediators and events in the trigeminovascular system and the central nervous system. The identification of calcitonin gene-related peptide as a key mediator in migraine physiopathology has led to the development of effective and highly selective antimigraine therapies. However, this treatment is neither accessible nor effective for all migraine sufferers. Thus, a better understanding of migraine mechanisms and the identification of potential targets are still clearly warranted. Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are widely distributed in the trigeminovascular system, and there is accumulating evidence of their contribution to the mechanisms associated with headache pain. Several drugs used in migraine abortive or prophylactic treatment target VGCCs, which probably contributes to their analgesic effect. This review aims to summarize the current evidence of VGGC contribution to migraine physiopathology and to discuss how current pharmacological options for migraine treatment interfere with VGGC function.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) represents a major migraine mediator, but few studies have investigated the relationship between CGRP and VGCCs. CGRP release is calcium channel-dependent and VGGCs are key players in familial migraine. Further studies are needed to determine whether VGCCs are suitable molecular targets for treating migraine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104514"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140208176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Resting-State Brain Activity After Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain: A Magnetoencephalography Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is believed to be an effective treatment for chronic pain due to its association with cognitive and emotional factors. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of magnetoencephalography (MEG) investigations elucidating its underlying mechanisms. This study investigated the neurophysiological effects of CBT employing MEG and analytical techniques. We administered resting-state MEG scans to 30 patients with chronic pain and 31 age-matched healthy controls. Patients engaged in a 12-session group CBT program. We conducted pretreatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) MEG and clinical assessments. MEG data were examined within predefined regions of interest, guided by the authors’ and others’ prior magnetic resonance imaging studies. Initially, we selected regions displaying significant changes in power spectral density and multiscale entropy between patients at T1 and healthy controls. Then, we examined the changes within these regions after conducting CBT. Furthermore, we applied support vector machine analysis to MEG data to assess the potential for classifying treatment effects. We observed normalization of power in the gamma2 band (61–90 Hz) within the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and multiscale entropy within the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of patients with chronic pain after CBT. Notably, changes in pain intensity before and after CBT positively correlated with the alterations of multiscale entropy. Importantly, responders predicted by the support vector machine classifier had significantly higher treatment improvement rates than nonresponders. These findings underscore the pivotal role of the right IFG and DLPFC in ameliorating pain intensity through CBT. Further accumulation of evidence is essential for future applications.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>We conducted MEG scans on 30 patients with chronic pain before and after a CBT program, comparing results with 31 healthy individuals. There were CBT-related changes in the right IFG and DLPFC. These results highlight the importance of specific brain regions in pain reduction through CBT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104523"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reciprocal Association Between Chronic Pain and Health Insurance Type in a Population-based Longitudinal Cohort Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic pain is a widespread condition limiting adults’ daily activities and labor force participation. In the United States, withdrawal from the workforce could be associated with loss of health insurance coverage, while lack of health insurance coverage can limit access to diagnosis and management of chronic health conditions. We used a longitudinal cohort study of middle-aged adults to investigate whether chronic pain is reciprocally associated with coverage by any insurance and type of insurance coverage over a 2-year period (2018 and 2020). Among 5,137 participants (median age of 57 years in 2018), 29% reported chronic pain in either year, while 9 to 10% were uninsured each year. Using multivariable cross-lagged logistic regression analysis, chronic pain in 2018 was not associated with having any insurance coverage in 2020, and lack of coverage in 2018 was not associated with chronic pain in 2020. In further analysis, we determined that public coverage, other (non-private) coverage, or no coverage in 2018 were associated with an increased risk of chronic pain in 2020; while chronic pain in 2018 increased the risk of coverage by public rather than private insurance 2 years later, as well as the risk of coverage by other (non-private) payors. The reciprocal association of non-private insurance coverage and chronic pain may be related to insufficient access to chronic pain treatment among publicly insured adults, or qualification for public insurance based on disability among adults with chronic pain. These results demonstrate that accounting for the type of health insurance coverage is critical when predicting chronic pain in US populations.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>In a longitudinal cohort study of middle-aged US adults, the use of public and other non-private insurance predicts future experience of chronic pain, while past experience of chronic pain predicts future use of public and other non-private insurance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104503"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise and Dietary Recommendations for Women with Chronic Pain: What’s Weight and Race Got To Do with It?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Exercise and diet are beneficial for pain, yet many patients do not receive such recommendations from providers. This may be due to biases related to gender, race, and weight. We recruited medical students (N = 90) to view videos of women with chronic </span>back pain performing a functional task; patients varied by weight (overweight/obese) and race (Black/White). For each woman patient, providers rated their likelihood of recommending exercises or dietary changes. Ratings significantly differed across recommendations (</span><em>F</em>(2.75, 244.72) = 6.19, <em>P</em> &lt; .01) in that providers were more likely to recommend flexibility exercises than aerobic exercises and dietary changes and were more likely to recommend strength exercises than dietary changes. Results also indicated that women with obesity were more likely to receive aerobic (<em>F</em>(1,89) = 17.20, <em>P</em> &lt; .01), strength (<em>F</em>(1,89) = 6.08, <em>P</em> = .02), and dietary recommendations (<em>F</em>(1,89) = 37.56, <em>P</em> &lt; .01) than were women with overweight. Additionally, White women were more likely to receive a recommendation for flexibility exercises (<em>F</em>(1,89) = 4.92, <em>P</em> = .03) than Black women. Collectively, these findings suggest that providers’ exercise and dietary recommendations for women with chronic pain are influenced by the weight status and racial identity of the patient. Future studies are needed to identify the reasons underlying these systematic differences, including the stereotypes and attitudes that may be driving these effects.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>This article presents results on how patient weight and race impact providers’ exercise and diet recommendations for women with chronic back pain. Provider recommendations for these modalities may be systematically biased in a way that impedes care and impacts patient functioning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140128947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Characterization of Age and Chronic Low Back Pain Effects on Multimodal Pain Sensitivity: A Comparison Study in Older Adults with and Without Chronic Low Back Pain","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Though pain sensitivity impairments contribute to chronic pain in younger adults, it is unclear if pain hypersensitivity manifests with aging and is heightened in the geriatric chronic low back pain population. The cross-sectional study preliminarily addressed this gap by measuring pain sensitivity in older adults with chronic low back pain (n = 25) as well as pain-free sex-matched older (n = 25) and younger adults (n = 25). Pain sensitivity was quantified by 8 distinct measures that were subdivided as static (ie, pressure pain thresholds, heat pain thresholds, fixed mechanical pain, and fixed cold pain) and dynamic pain sensitivity (ie, mechanical temporal summation, thermal ramp and hold, heat pain aftersensations, and conditioned pain modulation). Test-retest reliability values for pain sensitivity ranged from moderate to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ .500; p’s &lt; .05). The main effect for the group was significant (partial η² = .413, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), revealing between-group differences in pain sensitivity on 5 out of 8 tests (p’s ≤ .043). Predominantly, both older adult groups demonstrated increased pain facilitation and decreased pain inhibition during dynamic pain sensitivity testing compared to pain-free younger adults (p’s ≤ .044). Despite qualitative differences, static and dynamic pain sensitivity responses were statistically similar between older adults with and without chronic LBP (p’s &gt; .05). Findings suggest pain sensitivity can be reliably measured in older adults and that pain hypersensitivity develops with chronological aging, providing partial support for the theory that pain hypersensitivity may impact geriatric chronic pain populations. Further study is needed to more definitively parse out whether pain hypersensitivity is comparatively heightened in older adults with chronic LBP beyond the influence of chronological aging.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>This article establishes that surrogate measures of centrally mediated pain sensitization are heightened with aging. Impaired endogenous pain modulation may influence chronic pain development, maintenance, treatment efficacy, and/or ensuing disability, necessitating research to comprehensively characterize how pain hypersensitivity contributes to geriatric chronic pain conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140128759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}