Journal of Pain最新文献

{"title":"Harnessing Children’s Picture Books to Socialize Children About Pain and Injury: A Qualitative Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pain experiences are common during childhood (eg, “everyday” pain, vaccine injections) and are powerful opportunities for children to learn about pain and injury. These experiences likely inform fundamental and life-long beliefs about pain. There is scant research investigating the sociocultural contexts in which children learn about pain and injury. One unexplored context is the shared reading of picture books (eg, between parents/caregivers and children). In this study, we investigated whether shared reading of picture books that included depictions of pain and/or injury prompted parent/caregiver-child interactions. If interactions were observed, we explored what those interactions entailed. Twenty parents/caregivers (8 men, 12 women) and their children (n = 27; 10 boys, 17 girls) were recruited from libraries in South Australia. Parent/caregiver-child families chose from 8 books (7 fiction, 1 nonfiction) with varying amounts of pain/injury-related content. Shared reading interactions were video recorded, transcribed, and analyzed alongside analysis of the picture books using reflexive thematic analysis. Pain/injury-related interactions were observed between parents/caregivers and children during shared reading of picture books. Qualitative analyses generated 1 main theme and 3 subthemes. Findings identified that shared reading presented an opportunity for children’s understanding of pain and injury to be socialized through discussion of characters’ experiences. This included teaching children about pain and injury, as well as promoting empathy and emotional attunement toward characters who were depicted as being in pain. Finally, parents/caregivers often responded with observable/expressed amusement if pain/injury was depicted in a light-hearted or unrealistic way. Overall, shared reading of picture books presents an untapped opportunity to socialize children about pain and injury.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>Shared reading of picture books that have depictions of pain and/or injury can prompt parent/caregiver-child interactions about pain and injury. These interactions present critical opportunities that can be harnessed to promote children’s learning of adaptive pain-related concepts and behaviors during a critical developmental period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104520"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140769951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biobehavioral Predictors of Pain Intensity, Pain Interference, and Chronic Pain Episodes: A Prospective Cohort Study of African-American Adults","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Racial disparities in pain experiences are well-established, with African-American (AA) adults reporting higher rates of daily pain, increased pain severity, and greater pain-related interference compared to non-Hispanic Whites. However, the biobehavioral factors that predict the transition to chronic pain among AA adults are not well understood. This prospective cohort study provided a unique opportunity to evaluate predictors of chronic pain onset among 130 AA adults (81 women), ages 18 to 44, who did not report chronic pain at their baseline assessment and subsequently completed follow-up assessments at 6- and 12-months. Outcome measures included pain intensity, pain-related interference, and chronic pain status. Comprehensive assessments of sociodemographic and biobehavioral factors were used to evaluate demographics, socioeconomic status, stress exposure, psychosocial factors, prolonged hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal secretion, and quantitative sensory testing responses. At baseline, 30 adults (23.1%) reported a history of prior chronic pain. Over the 12-month follow-up period, 13 adults (10.0%) developed a new chronic pain episode, and 18 adults (13.8%) developed a recurrent chronic pain episode. Whereas socioeconomic status measures (ie, annual income, education) predicted changes in pain intensity over the follow-up period, quantitative sensory testing measures (ie, pain threshold, temporal summation of pain) predicted changes in pain interference. A history of chronic pain and higher depressive symptoms at baseline independently predicted the onset of a new chronic pain episode. The present findings highlight distinct subsets of biobehavioral factors that are differentially associated with trajectories of pain intensity, pain-related interference, and onset of chronic pain episodes in AA adults.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>This prospective study sought to advance understanding of biobehavioral factors that predicted pain outcomes over a 12-month follow-up period among AA adults without chronic pain at their initial assessment. Findings revealed distinct subsets of factors that were differentially associated with pain intensity, pain-related interference, and onset of chronic pain episodes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104501"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11283993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of Chronic Primary Low Back Pain by Spinal Manipulative Therapy is Accompanied by Decreases in Segmental Mechanical Hyperalgesia and Pain Catastrophizing: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Dual-blind Mixed Experimental Trial","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Chronic primary low back pain (CPLBP) refers to low back pain that persists over 3 months, that cannot be explained by another chronic condition, and that is associated with emotional distress and disability. Previous studies have shown that spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is effective in relieving CPLBP, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This randomized placebo-controlled dual-blind mixed experimental trial (NCT05162924) aimed to investigate the efficacy of SMT to improve CPLBP and its underlying mechanisms. Ninety-eight individuals with CPLBP and 49 controls were recruited. Individuals with CPLBP received SMT (n = 49) or a control intervention (n = 49), 12 times over 4 weeks. The primary outcomes were CPLBP intensity (0–100 on a numerical rating scale) and disability (Oswestry Disability Index). Secondary outcomes included </span>pressure pain thresholds<span> in 4 body regions, pain catastrophizing, Central Sensitization Inventory, depressive symptoms, and anxiety scores. Individuals with CPLBP showed widespread </span></span>mechanical hyperalgesia (</span><em>P</em> &lt; .001) and higher scores for all questionnaires (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). SMT reduced pain intensity compared with the control intervention (mean difference: −11.7 [95% confidence interval, −11.0 to −12.5], <em>P</em> = .01), but not disability (<em>P</em><span><span> = .5). Similar mild to moderate adverse events were reported in both groups. Mechanical </span>hyperalgesia at the manipulated segment was reduced after SMT compared with the control intervention (</span><em>P</em> &lt; .05). Pain catastrophizing was reduced after SMT compared with the control intervention (<em>P</em><span> &lt; .05), but this effect was not significant after accounting for changes in clinical pain. Although the reduction of segmental mechanical hyperalgesia likely contributes to the clinical benefits of SMT, the role of pain catastrophizing remains to be clarified.</span></p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>This randomized controlled trial<span> found that 12 sessions of SMT yield greater relief of CPLBP than a control intervention. These clinical effects were independent of expectations, and accompanied by an attenuation of hyperalgesia in the targeted segment and a modulation of pain catastrophizing.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104500"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood Reading Ability and Pain in Childhood Through to Midlife","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dyslexia and pain have recently been shown to correlate on a genetic level, but there has been little exploration of this association on the phenotypic level despite reports of increased pain in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, which commonly co-occurs with dyslexia. In this study we test for an association between reading ability, which is the primary feature of dyslexia, and pain both in childhood and adulthood. Logistic regression modeling was used to test associations between reading ability in childhood and pain from childhood to midlife in a large UK birth cohort; the 1958 National Child Development Study. Associations were found between poor childhood reading ability and increased headache and abdominal pain in childhood, and between poor childhood reading ability and headache, eye pain, back pain, and rheumatism in adulthood. Mediation analyses indicated that socioeconomic status (defined by employment) fully mediated the association between poor reading ability in childhood and back pain at age 42. By contrast, the association between reading ability and eye pain acted independently of socioeconomic status. Different mechanisms were thus indicated for the association of reading with different pain types, including manual labor and a potential shared biological pathway.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>This study found a relationship between poor reading ability in childhood and pain in childhood and adulthood. Those with reading difficulties should be monitored for pain symptoms. Future research may uncover shared biological mechanisms, increasing our understanding of pain and potential treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1526590024004383/pdfft?md5=1868a73739320a43479e392d9611f176&pid=1-s2.0-S1526590024004383-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140788414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal Nmur2-positive Neurons Play a Crucial Role in Mechanical Itch","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The dorsal spinal cord is crucial for the transmission and modulation of multiple somatosensory modalities, such as itch, pain, and touch. Despite being essential for the well-being and survival of an individual, itch and pain, in their chronic forms, have increasingly been recognized as clinical problems. Although considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the neurochemical processing of nociceptive and chemical itch sensations, the neural substrate<span> that is crucial for mechanical itch processing is still unclear. Here, using genetic and functional manipulation, we identified a population of spinal neurons expressing neuromedin U receptor 2 (</span></span><em>Nmur2</em>⁺) as critical elements for mechanical itch. We found that spinal <em>Nmur2</em>⁺<span> neurons are predominantly excitatory neurons, and are enriched in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn. Pharmacogenetic activation of cervical spinal </span><em>Nmur2</em>⁺<span> neurons evoked scratching behavior. Conversely, the ablation of these neurons using a caspase-3-based method decreased von Frey filament-induced scratching behavior without affecting responses to other somatosensory modalities. Similarly, suppressing the excitability of cervical spinal </span><em>Nmur2</em>⁺<span> neurons via the overexpression of functional Kir2.1 potassium channels reduced scratching in response to innocuous mechanical stimuli, but not to pruritogen application. At the lumbar level, pharmacogenetic activation of these neurons evoked licking and lifting behaviors. However, ablating these neurons did not affect the behavior associated with acute pain. Thus, these results revealed the crucial role of spinal </span><em>Nmur2</em>⁺ neurons in mechanical itch. Our study provides important insights into the neural basis of mechanical itch, paving the way for developing novel therapies for chronic itch.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>Excitatory <em>Nmur2</em>⁺<span> neurons in the superficial dorsal spinal cord are essential for mechanical but not chemical itch information processing. These spinal </span><em>Nmur2</em>⁺<span> neurons represent a potential cellular target for future therapeutic interventions against chronic itch. Spinal and supraspinal </span><em>Nmur2</em>⁺ neurons may play different roles in pain signal processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104504"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent Anxiety, Depression, Protective Responses, and Parenting Stress in the Context of Parent and Child Chronic Pain: A Daily Diary Study of Parent Variability","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parents with (vs without) chronic pain report poorer psychosocial functioning (eg, worse mental health, parenting difficulties), which has been linked to poorer child outcomes (eg, child pain). However, emerging research suggests that individuals vary in their functioning from day-to-day, particularly those with chronic pain. This study used daily diaries to compare parents with (versus without) chronic pain on variability in their anxiety, mood, protective responses, and parenting stress. We also examined parent chronic pain status as a moderator of the associations between parent variability and youth daily pain and interference. Participants were 76 youth with chronic pain (<em>M</em>_age = 14.26; 71.1% female) and one of their parents (89.5% mothers; n = 38 or 50.0% endorsing chronic pain). Parents and youth completed self-report questionnaires and 7 days of diaries. Parent variability was calculated to reflect the frequency and size of day-to-day changes. Multilevel models revealed that parents with (vs without) chronic pain were significantly more variable in their parenting stress, but not in their anxiety, mood, or protective responses. Contrary to hypotheses, parent variability was <em>not</em> significantly related to youth daily pain intensity or interference and parent chronic pain did <em>not</em> moderate any associations. Instead, mean levels of parent anxiety, protective responses, and parenting stress across the week significantly predicted youth daily pain interference. Findings suggest that while variability was observed among parents (with and without chronic pain) of youth with chronic pain, it did not significantly predict youth’s daily pain-related functioning. Further research is needed to confirm these initial findings.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>Parents with chronic pain have expressed concerns that the variable nature of their pain negatively impacts their children. Our results found that parents (with and without chronic pain) were variable in their anxiety, mood, protective responses, and parenting stress, but this variability did <em>not</em> significantly predict youth’s chronic pain-related functioning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1526590024004292/pdfft?md5=545f5c55d5cc8fbe165d1b544a936de4&pid=1-s2.0-S1526590024004292-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140141090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women’s Self-Management of Dyspareunia Associated With Endometriosis: A Qualitative Study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given the limitations of medical treatment for endometriosis, self-management is a critical component of symptom management, and providing patients with information and education is a necessary complement to medical interventions. Though 50 to 70% of people with endometriosis experience dyspareunia (painful sex), there is limited knowledge of self-management specific to painful sex. A comprehensive understanding of the self-management strategies used is foundational to developing supportive care interventions that help ease pain and related psychosocial sequelae. The objective was to describe people's experiences of navigating endometriosis-associated painful sex and developing self-management strategies. We analyzed interview data from 20 women using constant comparative and thematic analysis techniques, guided by qualitative interpretive description methodology. Participants (age range 18–44 years) all identified as women and were predominately Caucasian (90%) and heterosexual (80%). Throughout their lives, the women appeared to gradually develop self-management strategies while navigating painful sexual experiences. This complex journey encompassed four phases: 1) viewing painful sex as normal, 2) experiencing evolving thoughts and emotions, 3) coming to understand painful sex and seeking help, and 4) learning strategies to navigate painful sex, these include preparing mentally and physically for sex and communicating with intimate partner(s). Women in this study developed self-management strategies over time through engagement with others who understood their challenges. Future research is warranted regarding initiatives to counter the normalization of painful sex, develop and disseminate patient-facing information, provide education specific to dyspareunia, improve access to multidisciplinary care, facilitate social connections and support, and enhance communication with intimate partners.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>In this paper, we report on the experiences of women with endometriosis-associated painful sex and their self-management strategies. Clinicians may be interested in a qualitative exploration of endometriosis-associated painful sex as they seek to further understand their patient’s experiences and what strategies can be implemented to alleviate dyspareunia.</p></div><div><h3>Data Availability</h3><p>The data sets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available as participants did not consent to making their data publicly available but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104492"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1526590024003729/pdfft?md5=ff1495590cd3ef4e9a61e0d87c35f8e6&pid=1-s2.0-S1526590024003729-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139716647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile App Use among Persons with Fibromyalgia: A Cross-sectional Survey","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Persons with fibromyalgia experience a diverse set of symptoms. Recommendations for management generally focus on multidisciplinary approaches involving multiple modalities. Mobile apps can be an essential component for self-management, yet little is known about how persons with fibromyalgia use mobile apps for health-related purposes. A cross-sectional survey (N = 663) was conducted to understand the real-world use of apps among persons with fibromyalgia. The survey included 2 main foci: 1) eHealth literacy and use of information sources, and 2) mobile app use patterns and preferences for health-related purposes, including the types of apps used and usage characteristics of apps currently in use, as well as those that had been discontinued. Respondents’ average eHealth literacy as measured by eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) was 31.4 (SD = 7.1), and they utilized diverse information sources. Approximately two-thirds of the sample used mobile apps; the remaining one-third did not. Diverse health management needs were represented in the apps reported, including scheduling/time management, notetaking, fitness, and wellness. Compared to apps that had been discontinued, participants rated apps that they still used higher in terms of ease of use and used them more frequently. Reasons for discontinuing app use included issues with privacy, the effort required, lack of interest, and lack of perceived quality. Other reasons for app nonuse were lack of awareness and how-to knowledge, indicating that disseminating information about apps and addressing other barriers, such as providing user support, are critical to increasing uptake. These study findings can inform both app design and dissemination.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>This article presents how persons with fibromyalgia use mobile apps to manage their health. The findings could inform the development of digital interventions or programs for this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140208175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting Openness and Transparency to Advance Pain Science: New Initiatives at The Journal of Pain","authors":"Aidan G. Cashin,&nbsp;Emma Fisher,&nbsp;Nadia Soliman,&nbsp;Tonya M. Palermo","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104604","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Image Measured via the Fremantle Awareness Questionnaire in Individuals With and Without Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research suggests that pain negatively affects body image, and body image may also influence reported pain levels. This review aims to summarize the literature on differences in body image distortion between individuals with pain compared to pain-free individuals. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 statement and an a priori preregistered protocol. The literature was searched using 5 electronic databases. Studies assessing body image with the Fremantle Awareness Questionnaire (FAQ) in individuals with and without pain were eligible for inclusion. Screening and selection of eligible studies were performed by independent reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. Meta-analyses, meta-correlations, and metamean analyses were performed using random-effect models. The primary outcome was the FAQ score; secondary outcomes were reported pain variables. Data from individuals with pain (n = 2277) and without pain (n = 615) were summarized. Significant body image distortions were found in individuals with pain compared to individuals without pain. Compared to pain-free individuals, the pain group rated significantly higher in the FAQ when experiencing back pain (standardized mean differences<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.33, 95% confidence interval<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.88–1.77) or other body parts (standardized mean differences<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.25, 95% confidence interval<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.51–1.99). The results of meta-correlation analyses confirmed the positive relationship between body image distortion and pain intensity (r = .31), pain at rest (r = .31), or pain during movement (r = .36), but not for pain duration. A difference in mean FAQ results was observed between individuals with pain in different areas (knee and back).</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>This review confirms differences in body image distortion between pain and pain-free individuals. Pain intensity was correlated with altered body perception, but not pain duration. A moderate correlation was observed between body image distortion and reported pain variables. Body image was more impaired by knee pain than back pain.</p></div><div><h3>Registered Protocol at Prospero</h3><p>CRD42022309937; <span><span>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022309937</span><svg><path></path></svg></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":51095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pain","volume":"25 8","pages":"Article 104530"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1526590024004504/pdfft?md5=aa7736bcd179307f28d3a820aa893db0&pid=1-s2.0-S1526590024004504-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140766210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}