{"title":"Root nodulation and growth in nursery garden of Neltuma flexuosa var. depressa (Fabaceae), a framework species for Monte Desert ecological restoration","authors":"F.N. Zorbalas , A. Alvarez , D.R. Pérez , M.E. Rodriguez Araujo , T.A. Valfré Giorello , L.J. Lagos","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of different substrates and rhizobacterial inocula on the nodulation and growth of <em>Neltuma flexuosa</em> var<em>. depressa</em> (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), a typical native shrub from the Monte Desert of Argentina, was investigated in a nursery trial. The substrates used were: native topsoil from the Monte Desert (T0), an artificial substrate formed from silica sands of two different particle sizes (T1), and the same formulation inoculated with <em>Azospirillum brasilense, Pseudomonas fluorescens</em> and <em>Bradyrhizobium japonicum</em> (T2). We evaluated seedlings’ growth, the formation and activity of nitrogen-fixing nodules in the roots, and the symbiotic effectiveness of <em>B. japonicum</em>. Stem length and aboveground biomass were significantly lower in T1 and there were no differences between T0 and T2. The proportion of seedlings that nodulated was similar between substrates treatments (0.85 ± 0.18). However, the number of total nodules (11.68 ± 8.81 vs 2.43 ± 2.22) and active nodules (6.48 ± 6.49 vs 1.17 ± 1.32) was higher in T1 and T2 compared to T0. The presence of <em>B. japonicum</em> inoculum was not observed in the nodules of <em>N. flexuosa</em> var. <em>depressa</em>. This shrub species showed its ability to nodulate across different substrates. The commercial biofertilizer was effective only for growth, but not for the development of nitrogen-fixing nodules. It is essential to advance the knowledge of an inoculum that provides total predictability for nodulation in this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 105405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kidane Welde Reda , Xingcai Liu , Qiuhong Tang , Gebremedhin Gebremeskel Haile , Yongdong Wang , Ayalkibet Mekonnen Seka
{"title":"Intensified atmospheric aridity in East Africa under future climate change","authors":"Kidane Welde Reda , Xingcai Liu , Qiuhong Tang , Gebremedhin Gebremeskel Haile , Yongdong Wang , Ayalkibet Mekonnen Seka","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) plays a critical role in regulating water and CO<sub>2</sub> exchanges between land and atmosphere, particularly in climate-vulnerable regions. This study investigated historical and future patterns of VPD using state-of-the-art datasets, including ERA5, CRU TS, MERRA2, and five general circulation models (GCMs) from the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Inter-comparison Project (ISIMIP) over East Africa. Trends were analyzed annually and seasonally for the historical period (1981–2022), near future (2023–2061), and distant future (2063–2100), along with contributions from temperature, relative humidity, and air pressure to future VPD changes. Results showed that VPD increased annually by 0.04 hPa year<sup>−1</sup> from 1981 to 2022, with the most significant rise in dry regions. Future projections indicate continued VPD increases at both annual and seasonal scales, intensifying in accordance with the magnitude of CO<sub>2</sub> emission scenarios (SSP126, SSP370, and SSP585, respectively). Under SSP585 and SSP370 the annual VPD is projected to increase by 0.06 and 0.05 hPa year<sup>−1</sup>, respectively from 2023 to 2100. The summer season exhibits the highest rate of increase, followed by spring, across all scenarios. This substantial change in VPD during the summer season will significantly impact the agricultural sector of the region. Furthermore, the contribution of temperature increase (148 %–162 %) to the projected increase in VPD outweighs that of relative humidity (−99 % to −117 %) and air pressure (51 %–55 %) changes across the scenarios. Thus, the increasing VPD is expected to have a significant impact on the ecosystems of the East Africa by exacerbating drought conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 105402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental study on the relationship between wind erosion rate and microtopography around tree-like vegetation","authors":"Liqiang Kang , Meng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vegetation affects wind erosion rate and microtopography by modifying the near-surface airflow field, but the relationship between wind erosion rate and the characteristic parameters of microtopography remains unclear. In this paper, the wind erosion rate and microtopography around rigid tree-like plant models in staggered and square arrangements were measured in a wind tunnel. The results show that under the same plant density and incoming wind speed, the average wind erosion rate in staggered arrangement is 0.26–0.61 times higher than in square arrangement. The erosional distance upwind of plant, the width, depth and area of erosion pit increase with the increase of incoming wind speed and decrease with the increase of plant density. The width and area of pit increase linearly with the increase of erosional distance upwind of plant. The average wind erosion rate is significantly affected by microtopography and increases with the increase of standard deviation of change rate of microtopography height. The experiments found that there are two types of surface erosion around plants: local and global surface erosions. In local surface erosion, the average wind erosion rate increases with the increase of erosional distance upwind of plant, the depth, area and shape factor of pit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 105404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo Acácio dos Santos Souza , Felipe Jose Cury Fracetto , Andressa Silva de Oliveira , Juscélia da Silva Ferreira , Natache Gonçalves de Moura Ferrão , Rômulo Simões Cezar Menezes , Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto Sampaio , Paulo Ivan Fernandes Júnior , Ana Dolores Santiago de Freitas
{"title":"Microbial biomass, carbon and nitrogen stocks across land uses and soil types in the Brazilian tropical dry forest region","authors":"Pablo Acácio dos Santos Souza , Felipe Jose Cury Fracetto , Andressa Silva de Oliveira , Juscélia da Silva Ferreira , Natache Gonçalves de Moura Ferrão , Rômulo Simões Cezar Menezes , Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto Sampaio , Paulo Ivan Fernandes Júnior , Ana Dolores Santiago de Freitas","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Brazilian native dry forest (Caatinga) is used as a natural pasture or converted to unfertilized and overgrazed pastures. We investigated the restoration process, measuring soil attributes after three years of cattle exclusion in four soil types under the most common land covers of the region (dense and open Caatinga and pasture). C and N stocks tended to be higher under the dense Caatingas than under the other vegetation covers, particularly in the Regosol (80 and 8 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>), but tended not to significantly differ between the open Caatingas and the pastures. Microbial biomass C had the same trend, higher under dense Caatingas and in the Regosol (553 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>). Basal soil respiration and C decay constant (0.02 day<sup>−1</sup>) tended to be lower (thus higher C half-life, 347 days) in the Regosol (higher rainfall sites). The Oxisol (lower fertility soil) separated from the other soils in a Principal Component Analysis, especially from the Luvisol (highest fertility soil). Therefore, studies in the region must consider soil types and rainfall. The differences between open Caatingas and pastures in the dense Caatinga indicate that the period necessary for soil recovery after grazing exclusion is longer than three years, including for the microbial population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 105401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling soil organic carbon loss in arid agroecosystems: A mixed-effects approach to abandoned wheat fields","authors":"Afsaneh Ahmadian , Elham Chavoshi , Mozhgan Ahmadi Nadoushan","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The management of abandoned lands is critical for carbon sequestration in arid ecosystems, where soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics play a key role in mitigating land degradation. In abandoned croplands, SOC dynamics are especially important, as they influence carbon storage in regions vulnerable to climate change and unsustainable practices. This study assesses how short-term wheat field abandonment (STWFA) interacts with soil properties and environmental factors to drive SOC depletion in Iran's Zayandeh-Rood River Basin, a region emblematic of water-stressed agroecosystems. By integrating Sentinel-2-derived crop rotation maps, Landsat-8 thermal data for land surface temperature, and field-measured soil parameters (clay content, bulk density, salinity), we applied a linear mixed-effects model to unravel the time-dependent effects of abandonment on SOC over a five-year period (2020–2024). Results revealed a significant decline in SOC with prolonged abandonment (β = −0.413 per year, <em>p</em> < 0.001), exacerbated by elevated LST (β = −0.014, <em>p</em> = 0.006) and reduced the stabilization of soil organic carbon through clay content (STWFA × clay: β = −0.010, <em>p</em> = 0.029). The model explained 75–80 % of SOC variability, with abandonment duration, LST, and clay content being the primary contributors to this variance. Regional differences accounted for 24 % of the variance, highlighting the spatial heterogeneity of SOC dynamics. These findings underscore that arid abandoned wheat fields face compounding SOC losses driven by climatic stress and soil texture dynamics, highlighting the need for actionable strategies such as intermittent revegetation to mitigate carbon loss and enhance soil resilience in water-scarce regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 105403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Justin R. Saint Juliana , S.S. Bleicher , S. Mukherjee , V. Sundararaj , J.S. Brown , B.P. Kotler
{"title":"Additive and substitutable prey responses to feral and native predator combinations","authors":"Justin R. Saint Juliana , S.S. Bleicher , S. Mukherjee , V. Sundararaj , J.S. Brown , B.P. Kotler","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In captive experiments of Negev Desert granivores, we investigated the ways in which combinations of feral mesocarnivores and native predators alter wild prey behavior. We hypothesized that feral mesocarnivores would have a greater impact on prey energy acquisition, reflected in foraging dynamics, than native predators. Allenby's gerbils (<em>Gerbillus andersoni allenbyi</em>) and greater Egyptian gerbils (<em>Gerbillus pyramidum</em>) were used as prey species, with feral dogs (<em>Canis lupus familiaris</em>), feral cats (<em>Felis catus</em>), barn owls (<em>Tyto alba</em>), and horned vipers (<em>Cerastes gasperetti</em>) as predators. Gerbil perceived risk was measured using optimal patch-use theory, with exposures to tethered predators occurring hourly throughout the night. Some nights, two predators were alternated every other hour. We found that human-commensal predators, particularly feral cats, induced stronger foraging than native predators, such as barn owls. Combined predators caused gerbils to decrease foraging only when a higher-risk predator was introduced, as indicated by higher giving-up densities (GUDs) for the dog and cat combination compared to the dog alone, and a nonsignificant increase compared to the cat alone. The impact of feral cats especially appears to outweigh that of native predators. This highlights the conservation challenges to arid environments where feral cats have become ubiquitous.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 105399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The spatiotemporal dynamics and driving mechanism of ecosystem service supply–demand in China's drylands","authors":"Jinyu Wang , Wenwu Zhao , Jingyi Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dryland ecosystems provide essential ecosystem services (ESs) that are crucial for human well-being. However, mismatches between the supply and demand of ESs exist across diverse dryland ecosystems because of differences in natural conditions and human activities. Furthermore, it is still unknown how these factors influence the ecosystem service supply‒demand balance (ESDB). In our research, we used a combination of modelling simulations and statistical analysis to examine the spatiotemporal dynamics, trade-offs, and supply‒demand balance of ESs in China's drylands during 2000–2020, including carbon sequestration (CS), water yield (WY), soil conservation (SC), and windbreak and sand fixation (WS). We also explored the influential factors and driving mechanisms of ESDB via a structural equation model. Our findings revealed spatiotemporal mismatches between the supply and demand of each ecosystem service (ES) across aridity gradients from 2000 to 2020: CS deficits emerged in hyper-arid and southeastern regions over time, WY and SC remained undersupplied in hyper-arid and arid zones, while dry sub-humid areas showed improved ESDB for most services. Trade-offs among ESs supply were generally higher in dry sub-humid and semi-arid regions, particularly due to conflicts among WY, SC, and WS. Key natural and socioeconomic factors, such as precipitation, slope, and population density, directly or indirectly affect ESDB, with land use acting as a critical mediator. Our study advances the underlying mechanism of ESDB, supporting sustainable development of China's drylands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 105400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kim J. Scholtz , Graham J. Alexander , Thilo F. Beck , Robin A. Maritz , Bryan Maritz
{"title":"The impact of weather variation on the body condition of cape cobras (Naja nivea) in the Kalahari — implications for climate change","authors":"Kim J. Scholtz , Graham J. Alexander , Thilo F. Beck , Robin A. Maritz , Bryan Maritz","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hot and dry weather conditions are known to impact the body condition and the fitness of many organisms. However, this relationship has not been extensively studied in snakes. We examined the impact of variation in rainfall and temperature on body condition for a population of cape cobras (<em>Naja nivea</em>) at Tswalu Kalahari Reserve (Northern Cape Province, South Africa) over a period of five years during which time environmental conditions fluctuated substantially. We measured the mass and body length of 105 cobras, 58 from which we collected repeat measures, and calculated a body condition index (BCI) for each observation. We tested whether BCI was impacted by season, sex, and/or differences from expected mean monthly rainfall (during the preceding four-, 12-, and 24-week periods) and mean daily maximum temperature (during the preceding four-, 12-, and 24-week periods). Secondly, we tested whether BCI measures of cobras during the mating-season (September–November) were different between sexes and impacted by an index of environmental conditions (PC1 of rainfall and temperature) in the preceding summer. For our initial analysis, we found that the best-fitting model included season, sex, the relative amount of rain in the preceding twelve weeks (positive relationship), and the temperature in the preceding twelve weeks (negative relationship). Moreover, the BCI of cobras during the mating season was correlated with environmental conditions during the previous summer, with mating cobras exhibiting lower BCI measures following hot and dry summers. Our study reveals detrimental impacts of hot and dry conditions on cape cobra body condition, including measurable effects on body condition of mate-searching animals, following hot and dry summers. Taken together, we predict that prolonged hot dry periods, or increased frequency of hot dry periods in the future, might have detrimental effects on cape cobra populations in the Kalahari.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 105398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resilience through Relationships: Evaluating rangeland governance structures in semi-arid Tafresh county","authors":"Leila Shariatyniya , Mehdi Ghorbani , Hossein Azarnivand , Majid Rahimi","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rangelands represent significant reservoirs of plant and animal genetic resources, yet they have been largely degraded due to various natural and anthropogenic factors. Understanding the impacts of human exploitation and management on these ecosystems is crucial for their sustainable use. This study examines the structure and governance regime of rangelands in Tafresh County using a comprehensive network analysis, with a focus on organizational and local community networks. Relationships between the organizational network and the local community were assessed across three categories: financial support, educational initiatives, and voluntary participation. The social network analysis revealed that the current governance regime in Tafresh County, Iran is fragmented, characterized by low cohesion and adaptability. Strengthening the local community network is crucial for enhancing social capital, decentralization, and the sustainability of the socio-ecological rangeland system. Employing social network analysis facilitates the evaluation of governance structures' effectiveness and adaptability, promoting collaboration among stakeholders and actors. This approach aids in developing strategies aimed at bolstering the resilience of socio-ecological rangeland systems. Leveraging the capabilities and resources within the local community network is essential for strengthening the governance regime and ensuring the adaptability and sustainability of the integrated organizational-community network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 105397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xuxu Gao , Fengjin Xiao , Qiufeng Liu , Changwen Yu , Dapeng Huang , Yonglin Chi , XinYi Zheng
{"title":"Increasing influence of compound dry-hot events on vegetation in northern China in recent years","authors":"Xuxu Gao , Fengjin Xiao , Qiufeng Liu , Changwen Yu , Dapeng Huang , Yonglin Chi , XinYi Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the Copula function in combination with the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized temperature index (STI), the compound dry-hot index (CDHI) was developed to evaluate the compound dry-hot events (CDHEs) in northern China. The spatiotemporal variations in CDHEs during summer from 1982 to 2020 were investigated to explore the response of vegetation to CDHEs. The results revealed that under the influence of global warming, the CDHEs intensified markedly in eastern Xinjiang, Gansu, southern Qinghai, central and eastern Inner Mongolia, northern Hebei and Beijing. The extent of areas where STI contributes more than 50 % to CDHEs is significantly greater than SPI. In most regions, detrended and standardized normalized different vegetation index (SNDVI) and SPI are positively correlated, with grasslands exhibiting the highest correlation, followed by farmlands and forest. However, the relationship between SNDVI and STI exhibits spatial heterogeneity, which is possibly affected by altitude. Different vegetation types have varying loss to CDHEs, 0.51 (farmlands) > 0.50 (grasslands) > 0.31 (forest). The rate of vegetation loss in arid and semi-arid regions is significantly higher than humid and semi-humid areas. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of vegetation responses to climate extreme events, providing critical scientific support for ecosystem risk management under climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 105393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}