Journal of Arid Environments最新文献

{"title":"Biosolids application alters moth communities in a semi-arid grassland","authors":"Conor J. McCune ,&nbsp;Frank I. Doyle ,&nbsp;Karen E. Hodges","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, grasslands have been degraded due to overgrazing. Grassland losses and degradation negatively affect moth communities, yet moths function as herbivores, pollinators, and prey for birds, bats, and small mammals. Increasingly, biosolids, a resource recovered from municipal wastewater treatment, are being used as a restoration tool for degraded grasslands. Biosolids increase above-ground plant biomass and reduce bare ground, however, there is little research into effects on higher trophic levels. We tested whether biosolids application on arid grasslands in central British Columbia, Canada, changed moth abundances or communities 1–2 years after application. We found no difference in the abundances of macromoths or micromoths following biosolids application. Communities did vary: we captured 58 species of macromoths, and found lower species diversity in pastures treated with biosolids 2 years prior, but not 1 year prior. The three most common moth species were 64 % of all moths caught in 2nd year biosolids pastures, but only 38 % of all moths caught in control pastures. Biosolids application affected moth species diversity in the short-term, with effects varying with time since application. It would be valuable to determine whether biosolids-induced community changes of moths persist over longer time frames and to determine the mechanisms driving these changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 105555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of environmental and climatic impacts of sand dune movement using geographic object-based image analysis and machine learning","authors":"H. Lu ,&nbsp;M. Mokarram","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the identification and extraction of sand dunes, analysis of morphometric features, and prediction of active processes in desert areas, and employs Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) in desert environments. To achieve this goal, this study utilizes a combination of self-organizing maps (SOM), analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and decision tree (DT) algorithms to predict erosion risks caused by sand dune migration. This study also evaluates the relationship between sand dune morphometric features and active processes in diverse desert environments based on these features. Furthermore, to forecast climatic parameters and their relationship with sand dune morphometric features, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model is utilized. The results of the neural network analysis based on SOM indicate that transverse and barchan dunes are more susceptible to erosion hazards due to their irregular shape and broad distribution. Star dunes, however, exhibit higher stability and density, and this renders them less vulnerable. Moreover, the results of the correlation between dune morphometry and climatic parameters indicate higher hazards from barchan, star, and seif dunes due to their greater heat absorption than other types of dunes. Finally, climatic parameter prediction via the LSTM method, with R² accuracy of 0.8 and 0.9 and RMSE values of 0.11 for wind speed and 0.26 for temperature, respectively, suggests that the increase in aridity and wind speed in desert areas will intensify the migration of dunes in the future. Therefore, predicting environmental risks caused by sand dune movements and active processes in desert areas based on their morphometric characteristics facilitates better management of desert areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 105495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus spp. mitigate drought and dust stress in Camelina sativa by enhancing physiological resilience and nutrient acquisition","authors":"Hamid Golaraei ,&nbsp;Asghar Mosleh Arani ,&nbsp;Hassan Etesami ,&nbsp;Reza Dehghani Bidgoli ,&nbsp;Mohaddeseh Karimi Mil Sefid ,&nbsp;Mahmood Najafi Zilaie ,&nbsp;Ali Dolati","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the efficacy of two plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, <em>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</em> and <em>B. halotolerans</em>, in alleviating the combined effects of drought and atmospheric dust stress on <em>Camelina sativa</em> L. under realistic field conditions in an arid region. A comprehensive factorial experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design implemented three irrigation intervals (4, 6, and 8 days) and two dust application levels, alongside treatments including control, individual bacterial inoculations, and a combined consortium. The research conclusively demonstrated that the simultaneous application of drought and dust stress was significantly more detrimental than each stressor applied in isolation. This synergistic stress combination severely reduced key indicators including nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, chlorophyll <em>b</em> content, final seed weight per plant, and root and shoot dry biomass, while concurrently increasing calcium concentration, soluble sugars, and carotenoid levels. Drought stress alone notably reduced seed yield and elevated phenolic compounds, whereas dust singularly increased chlorophyll <em>b</em> content without affecting phenols or yield. Crucially, inoculation with both bacterial strains, most notably with <em>B. halotolerans</em> individually, markedly improved the majority of physiological, nutritional, and functional traits, effectively enhancing overall plant resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 105516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145466583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting dune migration risks under climate change context: A hybrid approach combining machine learning, deep learning, and remote sensing indices","authors":"Marzieh Mokarram ,&nbsp;Tam Minh Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the impacts of climate change on increasing aridity, dune migration, and associated risks to adjacent areas and air quality, assessing these hazards is critical for effective land management. This study aims to utilize machine learning and deep learning algorithms to enhance image quality and delineate sand dune extents, identify optimal scales for extracting dune morphometric features, predict dune migration, and forecast climatic parameters and their relationships with morphometric characteristics. Results demonstrate that the deep iterative fusion network model effectively improves image quality for extracting dunes and their morphometric features with high accuracy. Furthermore, integrating morphometric and spectral features into a novel Land-Use Land-Form (LULF) map enables precise identification of landforms and objects in desert environments, including sand dune extents, with high accuracy. The findings also indicate that variations in spectral reflectance, particularly albedo and infrared bands, influence not only dune height detection but also dune migration speed. Additionally, the Markov model results suggest that increased albedo and infrared reflectance in the coming years will heighten the risk of dune migration in surrounding areas. Finally, the autoregressive integrated moving average model predicts future wind speeds ranging from 8.3 to 83.3 km/h, moving from southeast to northwest, reflecting intensified dune migration and increased risks to adjacent regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 105447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the ouricuri palm (Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc.) in supporting epiphyte biodiversity in traditional Caatinga agricultural systems","authors":"Micheline Maria de Lima ,&nbsp;Guilherme Ramos Demetrio ,&nbsp;Eliane Maria de Sousa Nogueira ,&nbsp;Ingrid Carolline Soares Tiburcio ,&nbsp;Flávia Moura","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epiphytes play a crucial role in ecosystem functioning but are highly vulnerable to habitat loss, particularly in dryland biomes like the Caatinga. In agricultural landscapes, remnant trees can function as important refuges, maintaining biodiversity despite land-use changes. This study evaluates the role of the Ouricuri palm (<em>Syagrus coronata</em>) in sustaining epiphyte diversity within grazing areas of the Caatinga. We surveyed 244 palms across three sites in Alagoas, Brazil, assessing the relationships between palm traits and epiphyte richness using generalized linear models. Our results revealed that 218 (91 %) of the palms taller than 2 m hosted epiphyte species in their crowns. Epiphyte richness was high (S = 28) and not influenced by palm diameter or leaf number but declined with increasing plant height. Beta diversity partitioning revealed high species turnover, primarily driven by variations in phorophyte traits. Functional group analysis showed that true epiphytes were favored by intermediate-height palms, while generalist species dominated on taller ones. These findings highlight the ecological importance of remnant <em>S. coronata</em> palms for epiphyte conservation in anthropized landscapes. Preserving these palms can enhance habitat connectivity, mitigate biodiversity loss, and support a wildlife-friendly agricultural model in the Caatinga.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 105471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do nurse plants enhance cactus survival under global warming? Experimental evidence from Coryphantha maiz-tablasensis, a threatened species","authors":"Francisco Arturo Guerra-Coss ,&nbsp;Joel Flores ,&nbsp;José Luis Aragón-Gastelum ,&nbsp;Ernesto I. Badano ,&nbsp;Hugo M. Ramírez-Tobías","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change poses a significant threat to arid and semiarid ecosystems, where drought, high solar radiation, and extreme temperatures limit plant regeneration. This study evaluated whether nurse plants can mitigate the effects of global warming and enhance the survival of <em>Coryphantha maiz-tablasensis</em>, a threatened cactus endemic to the Chihuahuan Desert. The experiment was conducted in San Luis Potosí, Mexico, using open-top chambers to simulate warming in two contrasting habitats: an abandoned agricultural field and beneath the canopy of <em>Neltuma laevigata</em> (mesquite), a common nurse plant. Simulated warming significantly increased air temperature, particularly in open areas. Although rainfall and soil moisture were lower under the mesquite canopy, cactus survival was substantially higher in this habitat—100 % in control plots and 95 % in warming plots—compared to 90 % survival in open control plots and complete mortality in open warming plots. These findings indicate that direct exposure to elevated temperatures and solar radiation is lethal to saplings. The results underscore the critical role of <em>N. laevigata</em> in buffering microclimatic extremes and supporting cactus regeneration. Incorporating nurse plants into conservation and restoration strategies may help reduce population loss under future climate change scenarios and ensure the long-term persistence of threatened cactus species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 105461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of land use land cover change on catchment hydrological response in 576 Iranian catchments","authors":"Afshin Jahanshahi ,&nbsp;Martijn J. Booij ,&nbsp;Sopan D. Patil ,&nbsp;Hoshin Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Land use and land cover (LULC) changes significantly impact hydrological processes in semi-arid regions like Iran, where national-scale studies are scarce. This study assesses LULC change impacts from 2001 to 2022 on runoff and hydrological drought across Iran's 576 catchments (410,000 km²) using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool Plus (SWAT+). This analysis employs a novel SWAT + framework integrating crop-specific calibrations (e.g., wheat, barley, rice), human interventions (e.g., irrigation, reservoir operations, interbasin diversions), and Curve Number (CN) dynamics, achieving robust performance (NSE: 0.50–0.88; KGE: 0.51–0.90). Evergreen forest loss (4.8 %–2.8 %) and agricultural expansion (20 %–27.8 %) increased annual runoff by 1.21 mm/month, with a 2.7 mm/month rise during the March–May rainy season, driven by 10–15 % reduced canopy interception and 5–10 % CN increases in arid catchments. Hydrological drought frequency rose 15 % in western and central catchments, with duration extending 1.2–1.8 months and severity increasing 5 %, linked to higher surface runoff (1.5–2.7 mm/month). Impacts were pronounced in arid and semi-arid regions (150–300 mm/year precipitation). This study advances LULC impact assessments by integrating runoff and drought analyses with CN dynamics, offering policy strategies like reforestation and precision irrigation for sustainable water management in semi-arid environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 105463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crop growth characteristics in semiarid sandy regions: associations with hydrological years and temporal precipitation patterns","authors":"Jiaqi Fan ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoke Guan ,&nbsp;Yan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cultivated land is indispensable for promoting sustainable socioeconomic development. Therefore, investigating crop growth is essential for ensuring the stable utilization of cultivated land. This study assessed the spatial and temporal variations in crop growth across hydrological years and investigated the mechanisms linking the temporal distribution of precipitation to crop phenological responses via an integrated analysis of the MODIS EVI and daily precipitation datasets (2002–2020). The findings indicated significant interannual variability in precipitation throughout the spring maize growing season, with only 23.33 % of the years classified as normal. Spatially, crop performance was better in the eastern and southern regions than in the western and northern regions. Crucially, the alignment between precipitation timing and crop phenological stage emerged as a more significant factor than total precipitation. When the timing of water availability mismatches crop water demands, even high precipitation levels may fail to support optimal growth. To increase water use efficiency, adaptive strategies are proposed: prioritizing water allocation during key growth stages, adopting diverse irrigation approaches, and maintaining water conservancy infrastructures. These outcomes are crucial for promoting the sustainable utilization of cultivated land and safeguarding ecological security in semiarid areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 105462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The expansion of poisonous weed Ligularia virgaurea leads to functional heterogeneity of nematode community","authors":"Xiaoxuan Jiang ,&nbsp;Anning Zhang ,&nbsp;Ziyang Liu ,&nbsp;Jiajia Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxin Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Qi ,&nbsp;Shuyan Chen ,&nbsp;Zi Yang ,&nbsp;Jingwei Chen ,&nbsp;Hanwen Cui ,&nbsp;Beenish Naz ,&nbsp;Hongxian Song ,&nbsp;Shiyou Guo ,&nbsp;Sa Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil nematodes are an important component of underground communities and are highly sensitive to external disturbances and changes. Nitrogen deposition and dominant poisonous weeds are important factors contributing to global climate change. However, much less is known about the interaction between nitrogen deposition and poisonous weed on the taxonomic and functional diversity of nematode community on the Tibetan Plateau. We established a full factorial experiment between nitrogen addition treatment (nitrogen addition and ambient) with poisonous weed treatment (with <em>Ligularia virgaurea</em> and without <em>Ligularia virgaurea</em>) on the Tibetan Plateau. We quantified plant diversity, plant biomass, and edaphic properties to assess the effects of nitrogen addition and poisonous weed <em>Ligularia virgaurea</em> and their interactions on both taxonomic and functional alpha/beta diversity of soil nematode communities. <em>Ligularia virgaurea</em> indirectly decreased nematode taxonomic and functional beta diversity through plant biomass (standardized path coefficients: −0.2146) and directly increased nematode taxonomic and functional beta diversity (standardized path coefficients:0.1891 and 0.3470, respectively). Nitrogen addition directly (standardized path coefficients: −0.2069) and indirectly (through pH and plant biomass, standardized path coefficients: −0.3468 and 0.2144, respectively) affected nematode taxonomic and functional beta diversity. The interaction between <em>Ligularia virgaurea</em> and nitrogen addition indirectly decreased taxonomic and functional beta diversity through plant beta diversity (standardized path coefficients: 0.3665). Our results indicate a pattern of functional heterogeneity of nematode community following the expansion of poisonous weed <em>Ligularia virgaurea</em>, which highlights the important roles of poisonous weed in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem functions and provides an alternative to realize the comprehensive utilization of poisonous weeds on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 105464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144920166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional irrigation knowledge for sustainable water resource management in arid Environments: Insights from the MENA region","authors":"Tarek Ben Hassen ,&nbsp;Hamid El Bilali ,&nbsp;Mohammad S. Allahyari ,&nbsp;Chedli Baya Chatti","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating traditional irrigation knowledge with modern sustainable water management practices offers valuable solutions to water scarcity in arid regions. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region faces significant climate challenges, including low rainfall, rising temperatures, and recurrent droughts. As sustainable agriculture requires harmony between humans and nature, managing scarce water resources is crucial for adapting to climate change and ensuring agricultural resilience in these arid environments. Communities in this region have historically addressed water scarcity by developing traditional and locally adapted irrigation techniques, such as Qanats and rainwater harvesting. These methods have been essential in conserving water resources and mitigating environmental stressors that impact agricultural productivity. This paper examines how traditional irrigation practices contribute to the sustainability and resilience of agricultural systems and the preservation of fragile arid ecosystems in the face of climate uncertainties. The study provides: (i) an analysis of water scarcity issues and the effects of climate change on arid ecosystems in the MENA region, (ii) an exploration of traditional irrigation knowledge and technologies, emphasizing their role in water conservation and ecosystem health, and (iii) a discussion of socio-economic, institutional, and technological barriers to broader adoption of these practices. Case studies from various MENA countries illustrate how traditional practices enhance resilience and support conservation efforts. The paper highlights the importance of culturally appropriate strategies integrating human dimensions into ecosystem management, fostering sustainable and adaptive solutions for the region's challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 105466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}