Bhumika Banjare, Pratibha Katiyar, Akshay S. Magar, Neha Thakur
{"title":"Exploring the Correlation between Morpho-physiological Traits and Growth Attributes Associated with Yield Characteristics in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Bhumika Banjare, Pratibha Katiyar, Akshay S. Magar, Neha Thakur","doi":"10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i82689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i82689","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to identify the morpho-physiological and growth attributes, and yield associated with yield in rice genotypes. The experiment included 120 rice genotypes and 3 checks, conducted in an alpha lattice design with two replications at the Research Cum Instructional Farm in the Department of Plant Physiology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishawavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, during the two consecutive Kharif seasons of 2021-22 and 2022-23. Conventional spacing of 15 x 20 cm and recommended cultural practices were employed. The objective is to improve the overall efficiency and productivity of rice cultivation to meet the needs of a growing population. It is crucial to emphasize the comprehension and enhancement of the fundamental features associated with canopy structure and growth attributes. Improving these morpho-physiological traits is pivotal for boosting rice yield. By studying and refining the arrangement and growth of the rice plant's leaf canopy, the goal is to enhance the efficiency and productivity of rice cultivation. The results indicated that productive tillers (0.335**) and flag leaf area (0.213*) were positively correlated with higher yields. While leaf angles, specific leaf area, and days to panicle initiation showed negative correlations with yield. The leaf area index at flowering was positively correlated with specific leaf area (0.382***) but negatively with grain yield (-0.199*). Specific leaf weight was positively correlated with yield per hectare (0.178*). Understanding these relationships can guide the selection and breeding of rice genotypes with optimal traits for enhanced grain yield and crop performance.","PeriodicalId":510783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Agriculture International","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141829409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. O. Oso, M. Akinyemi, O. Osaiyuwu, Olarenwaju B. Morenikeji, O. E. Fijabi, Michael O. Adeosun, I. A. Shobanke, K. Ewuola, Temidayo E. Koledafe, Oluwaseyi E. Oso, G. I. Nwokorie
{"title":"The Relationship Between Body Weight and Growth Hormone Gene Polymorphism in Indigenous Turkeys of Nigeria","authors":"M. O. Oso, M. Akinyemi, O. Osaiyuwu, Olarenwaju B. Morenikeji, O. E. Fijabi, Michael O. Adeosun, I. A. Shobanke, K. Ewuola, Temidayo E. Koledafe, Oluwaseyi E. Oso, G. I. Nwokorie","doi":"10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72560","url":null,"abstract":"The candidate gene approach is a valuable tool for improving breeding programs, particularly in poultry, by identifying traits for enhanced production performance. This study investigates the growth hormone (GH) gene as a potential determinant of body weight in Nigerian indigenous turkeys. DNA was extracted from 60 twelve-week-old turkeys using blood samples, and a 466bp DNA fragment was amplified via PCR with primers designed from chicken sequences. The PCR product underwent Msp1 restriction enzyme digestion and was visualized on a 1.5% agarose gel. Genotypes associated with body weight were assessed using a General Linear Model. The GH/Msp1 locus revealed Two alleles (A and G) and three genotypes (AA, AG, and GG), with allele G being predominant. Genotype AG had the highest frequency (0.55), followed by AA (0.42), and GG had the lowest frequency (0.03). However, the least square means analysis showed that the polymorphism in the GH gene of the studied population was not significantly associated with body weight (p> 0.05). Nonetheless, the polymorphic nature of the GH gene in Nigerian turkeys suggests potential for further exploration in quantitative traits.","PeriodicalId":510783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Agriculture International","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Plant Growth Regulator and Crop Geometry on Growth and Yield of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)","authors":"J. L. Prasanna, Shikha Singh, AB Mariam Liangmei","doi":"10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72558","url":null,"abstract":"A field trial was conducted during the Zaid season of 2023 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) on the Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.). The experiment was executed in a Randomized Block Design with ten treatments and replicated three times. Application of brassinolide 0.25% and plant density 35 cm x 10 cm (T2) recorded highest plant height (78.70 cm), dry weight (33.25 g/plant), number of nodules/plant (28.93), number of pods/plant (42.00), number of seeds/pod (14.00), test weight (31.89 g), seed yield (1273.70 kg/ha), stover yield (3401.50 kg/ha) and harvest index (27.24 %). however, maximum crop growth rate (8.87 g/m2/day) was recorded in GA3 0.50% + 25 cm x 15 cm (T7). Maximum gross returns (INR 89,159.00/ha), net returns (INR 56,539.00/ha), and B:C ratio (1.73) were also obtained highest in the same treatment (T2) in Green Gram crop. Therefore, application of brassinolides 0.25% and plant spacing 35 cm x 10 cm (T2) result in significant improvement in the crop production and also proven economically viable in green gram.","PeriodicalId":510783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Agriculture International","volume":"4 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohanraj M, T. Mondal, Manju Prem S, Manobharathi K, Sathish Kumar K
{"title":"A Comprehensive Analysis of Chemical Applications for the Production of Brinjal Crop","authors":"Mohanraj M, T. Mondal, Manju Prem S, Manobharathi K, Sathish Kumar K","doi":"10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72557","url":null,"abstract":"Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.), commonly known as eggplant, is a crucial vegetable crop cultivated extensively in tropical and subtropical regions. Chemical applications in brinjal cultivation, encompassing fertilizers, pesticides, and growth regulators, play a significant role in enhancing yield and quality. This comprehensive analysis reviews the latest advancements and methodologies in the chemical management of brinjal crops. It discusses the optimized use of synthetic and organic fertilizers for nutrient management, the strategic application of pesticides for pest and disease control, and the use of plant growth regulators to improve crop growth and productivity. Recent studies emphasize the importance of integrated pest management (IPM) practices to minimize chemical residues and environmental impact. In the Puducherry district, data was collected from five brinjal-growing villages out of sixty-two, utilizing a combination of closed-ended questionnaires for independent variables and open-ended questionnaires for dependent variables. In-person interviews were conducted to gather comprehensive data, which was then evaluated using a range of appropriate and standardized statistical tools. The study identified three dependent variables and fifteen independent factors, focusing on the evaluation of chemicals used in brinjal production, methods for handling these chemicals, and their effects on human health.","PeriodicalId":510783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Agriculture International","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suchismita Dwibedi, R. Jha, Abdus Sattar, Rajan Kumar, Shiveshwar Pratap Singh, Ashutosh Singh
{"title":"Examining the Effects of Diverse Irrigation Regimens and Planting Timelines on Wheat Growth, Yield, and Yield Characteristics","authors":"Suchismita Dwibedi, R. Jha, Abdus Sattar, Rajan Kumar, Shiveshwar Pratap Singh, Ashutosh Singh","doi":"10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72561","url":null,"abstract":"In the Rabi season spanning 2021 to 2022, a field trial was carried out on sandy loam soil. at a research station near the Center for Advanced Studies on Climate Change, Dr. RPCAU, Pusa, Bihar (India). Positioned at a latitude of 25°98' N and a longitude of 85°66' E. the experimental plot ascended to an elevation of 52.3 meters above mean sea level. The primary objective was to assess the effects of different irrigation levels and planting dates on the development, yield, and yield characteristics of wheat. The investigation included four irrigation management protocols (irrigation at 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 IW/CPE) assigned to the main plot, along with four sowing dates (15 Nov, 30 Nov, 15 Dec, and 30 Dec) allocated to the sub plot. This layout was replicated thrice in a split-plot configuration. The results indicated that the maximum values of growth factors (specifically plant height), yield factor (effective tillers/m2), and yield (both grain and straw) were observed when irrigation was administered at 1.2 IW/CPE (I4). This method, statistically comparable to irrigation at 1 IW/CPE (I3), exhibited notable superiority over the other treatments. Conversely, the minimum values of plant height, effective tillers/m2, grain yield, and straw yield were documented under the irrigation regimen of 0.6 IW/CPE (I1).","PeriodicalId":510783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Agriculture International","volume":"9 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141265743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohanalakshmi. M, V. Jegadeeswari, K. R. Vijayalatha, K. Padmadevi, G. Sidhdharth, J. Kalaivani
{"title":"Effect of Different Planting Density in Cocoa (Theobroma cacao l.) on Leaf Macro and Micronutrient Levels Grown under Coconut Ecosystem","authors":"Mohanalakshmi. M, V. Jegadeeswari, K. R. Vijayalatha, K. Padmadevi, G. Sidhdharth, J. Kalaivani","doi":"10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72556","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment investigating the impact of different cocoa densities on leaf macro and micronutrient levels within a coconut ecosystem was conducted at the Coconut Farm of the Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. The study employed a Randomized Block Design (RBD) comprising eight treatments, each replicated three times. Notably, among the various spacing configurations, T1 (3m x 1.2m) exhibited the highest levels of leaf nitrogen (1.86%), phosphorus (0.084%), potassium (1.39%), and boron (91.33 ppm) content. This suggests that under Tamil Nadu conditions, high-density planting in the T1 treatment not only resulted in elevated nutrient levels but also correlated with a notable increase in revenue. These findings underscore the potential benefits of adopting high-density planting practices in cocoa cultivation within coconut ecosystems. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term implications of spacing configurations and nutrient interactions on crop productivity and profitability.","PeriodicalId":510783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Agriculture International","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samar Pal Singh, D. Rana, Brijesh Yadav, Kailash, Jai Parkash
{"title":"Impact of Foliar Application of Boron on Yield and Yield Attributes, Assimilate Supply, Production Efficiency and Fertilizers Productivity of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) in Field Experiments","authors":"Samar Pal Singh, D. Rana, Brijesh Yadav, Kailash, Jai Parkash","doi":"10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72559","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments were conducted for three consecutive rabi seasons from 2018 to 2020 to assess the impact of foliar application of boron fertilizer on yield and yield attributes, assimilate supply, production efficiency and fertilizers productivity of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. &Coss.]. The results showed that the number of primary branches/ plant (7.00 to 8.08), number of siliquae/plant (427.2 to 468.8), number of seeds/siliqua (13.03 to 14.01), test weight of seed (3.60 to 3.80 g) and plant dry matter production (38.10 to 41.20 g/plant) were significantly increased with T2 treatment (100% NPKS + foliar application of Boron @ 0.5% Borax) as compared to farmer’s practice T1 (100% NPKS + without boron) during three years of experiments. Significantly higher seed yield (22.5 to 24.7 q/ha) of the mustard crop was also reported with T2 (100% NPKS + foliar application of Boron @ 0.5% Borax) as compared to farmers’ practice T1 (100% NPKS + without boron) (seed yield 19 to 22.5 q/ha) during the studies. Similarly, Treatment T2 resulted in significantly higher production efficiency and assimilates supply of mustard crop than that of T1 (farmer’s practice). The fertilizer productivity in the mustard crop that is directly related to seed yield and the partial factor of productivity of N, P, K and S fertilizers (PFPNPKS) were also increased significantly with the T2 compared to farmers practiceT1(farmer’s practice), during 3 years of studies. The highest gross return and net return and benefit-cost ratio were obtained with T2 (100% NPKS + foliar application of Boron @ 0.5% Borax) treatment over T1 (100% NPKS + without boron).","PeriodicalId":510783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Agriculture International","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Premika B. P., Venkataravana P., Sowjanya B. A., Priyadarshini S.K.
{"title":"Stability Assessment of Groundnut ABLs Using AMMI and GGE Biplot Analysis for Yield Performance under Multi-environments","authors":"Premika B. P., Venkataravana P., Sowjanya B. A., Priyadarshini S.K.","doi":"10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72554","url":null,"abstract":"The current study focused on Identification of stable line among the eight groundnut ABLs and two checks were assessed in three different environments in Karnataka during the 2020-2021 Kharif and Rabi seasons with randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p≤0.01) among the genotypes, environments, and the genotype by environment interaction (G×E) for kernel yield. The AMMI analysis also showed highly significant differences (p≤0.01) for varieties, environments, and their interaction on kernel yield. The IPCA1 and IPCA2 components explained 72.72% and 25.00% of the total G×E sum of squares, respectively. The variations in kernel yield were attributed to the environment (16.44%), ABLs (81.87%), and ABLs by environment interaction (1.68%). ABLs T65, T77, T81, and T82 were identified as stable across all three environments based on ASV and SI for kernel yield per plant. These stable lines can be used as parents in breeding programs. The AMMI model and GGE biplots were effective tools for evaluating the adaptability and stability of groundnut genotypes in diverse environments.","PeriodicalId":510783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Agriculture International","volume":"50 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141268643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zohuir A. Al-Balawna, I. Abu-Abdoun, Othman Y. Saleh, Ala Alden M. Khamis, Taleb M. Al-Talb
{"title":"Chemical Analysis and Agricultural Utilizations of Dams Reservoir Sediments","authors":"Zohuir A. Al-Balawna, I. Abu-Abdoun, Othman Y. Saleh, Ala Alden M. Khamis, Taleb M. Al-Talb","doi":"10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72555","url":null,"abstract":"Sediment samples were collected from King Talal Dam (KTD) and subjected to chemical, physical, and mineralogical study to test their suitability as soil replacement. The concentration of Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Arsenic (As), Cobalt (Co), and Zinc (Zn) was obtained by atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and the elements phosphorus (P) and boron (B) were determined by using the spectrophotometric technique. \u0000These elements concentration was compared with the average concentration of soil in near by area of Jordan valley, It was found that the concentration of Cu and Zn, P, Fe, Mn, and K is within the standard range for soil fertility, and the concentration of Pb, Ni, As, Co, and Cd is within the standard range of agricultural human health safety regulation’s, the highest concentration on of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in sediment were found to be 1.48% and 15.0 ppm respectively. The lowest average concentration in KTD sediment was identified for cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) and was found to be <0.01 and <0.05 ppm respectively. The Laboratory tests carried out indicate that the water of King Talal Dam is free of heavy metals pollutants, and reservoir sediments can be used for soil replacement and amendment. It is highly recommended to keep the percentage of sediments of KTD to soil used in agriculture within the range of 25%-50%.","PeriodicalId":510783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Agriculture International","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hepsibha, Shikha Singh, S. B. Vineetha, B. B. Christina
{"title":"Effect of Bio Fertilizers and Micro Nutrients on Growth and Yield of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.)","authors":"M. Hepsibha, Shikha Singh, S. B. Vineetha, B. B. Christina","doi":"10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72553","url":null,"abstract":"The field experiment was conducted during ZAID season, 2023 at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. In the present study, effect of bio fertilizers and micro nutrients on growth and yield of black gram. The treatments consist of three levels of bio fertilizers i.e, AMF – 25 g/kg seeds, Pseudomonas - 10 g/kg seed, Rhizobium – 20g/ kg seeds along with three different micro nutrients i.e, Zinc - 0.5 %, Iron - 0.5% and Molybdenum - 0.4%. There are 10 treatments each replicated thrice. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 6.9), available in medium nitrogen (138.700 kg/ha) medium phosphorus (17.5 kg/ha) and medium potassium (157.9 kg/ha). Results revealed that maximum plant height (44.40cm), plant dry weight (9.53 g/plant), number of nodules/ plant (27.20), no of branches (18.43), number of pods (10.07), number of seeds/pod (9.67), test weight (39 g), grain yield (1213.33 kg/ha), stover yield (2233.33kg/ha) was recorded in T8 (Rhizobium – 20g/kg seed + Iron - 0.5 %). Maximum gross return (INR 63,350.00), net return (INR 41,900.00) and B:C ratio (1.95) which was significantly superior over other treatment (Rhizobium – 20g/kg seed + Iron - 0.5 %). It is concluded that the application of Rhizobium -20g/kg seed along with foliar spray Iron-0.5% (T8 ) produce higher yield and benefit cost ratio in Black gram.","PeriodicalId":510783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Agriculture International","volume":"1 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}