Endeavour最新文献_第2页

Gentlemen, husbandmen, and industrious wives: The role of gender in imagining Indian agriculture 绅士、丈夫和勤劳的妻子：性别在想象印度农业中的作用

IF 0.5 4区哲学

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100942

Laura Tavolacci

{"title":"Gentlemen, husbandmen, and industrious wives: The role of gender in imagining Indian agriculture","authors":"Laura Tavolacci","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Agricultural and Horticultural Society of India (AHSI), founded in 1820, remains the most important producer of English-language knowledge regarding the cultivation of plants in colonial India. Members included missionaries, colonial officials, tea and indigo planters, merchants and bankers, as well as the Bengali bhadralok elites of Calcutta and some Indian princes. The writings it produced were highly gendered. Often they focus on how “improving” the political economy and agricultural productivity would create masculine identities, such as gentlemen landowners and industrious peasant husbandman. Yet I also argue that women’s agricultural work was fundamental in imagining this path towards “improvement.” Using descriptions of Indian farming and labor practices from the Society’s meeting minutes and published transactions, as well as additional writings by its members and missionary founders, I show how many European members of the Society viewed women working outside of domestic pursuits as a sign of Indian inferiority. At the same time, many argued for the benefits of women’s work, which they viewed as fundamental in making Indian households more productive. Women and their labor were a lynchpin in creating the idea of the effeminate Indian man as well as the solution for improving him. It was this intersection of race with gender which helped to define agriculture as a discipline much closer to practical knowledge than abstract science. While some European women were able to participate in the Society’s production of scientific knowledge because of agriculture’s practical nature, Indian knowledge (whether from men or women) tended to be openly dismissed as tradition or habit rather than truly practical. The overlap of gender with race consequently helped to create a hierarchy between practical knowledge and tradition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141777115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vegetable women: Agricultural education, indigenous knowledge, and becoming settlers in early twentieth century Palestine 蔬菜妇女：二十世纪初巴勒斯坦的农业教育、本土知识和定居者。

IF 0.5 4区哲学

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100941

Erela Teharlev Ben-Shachar , Tamar Novick

引用次数: 0

Virtues and vocation: An historical perspective on scientific integrity in the twenty-first century 美德与使命：从历史角度看二十一世纪的科学诚信

IF 0.6 4区哲学

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100915

Bert Theunissen

引用次数: 0

Vocation as tragedy: Love and knowledge in the lives of the Mills, the Webers, and the Russells 作为悲剧的使命：米尔斯夫妇、韦伯夫妇和罗素夫妇生活中的爱与知识

IF 0.6 4区哲学

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100918

Hanneke Hoekstra

{"title":"Vocation as tragedy: Love and knowledge in the lives of the Mills, the Webers, and the Russells","authors":"Hanneke Hoekstra","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Can love affect knowledge and knowledge affect love? John Stuart Mill and Harriet Taylor-Mill, Max and Marianne Weber, and Bertrand and Dora Russell had a definite vocation: they wanted to change the world. They questioned traditional gender arrangements through publications on equality, marriage, and education. They were liberal thinkers, advocating individual freedom and autonomy, vis à vis the constraints of state and society. Their partnership inspired their work, a living experiment conducted through their own unconventional relationship. Over time, their increasingly radical, avant-garde ideas on marriage complicated the ongoing negotiation over power and intimacy which typified their marriages. Building on the historiography of social science couples, and by means of an analysis of the micro-social dynamics of marriage as documented in the life writings of the Mills, the Webers, and the Russells, I analyse the connections between gender, intimacy, and creativity. These couples’ experiences highlight the non-rational dimension of a most rational endeavour.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160932724000073/pdfft?md5=7ea59c50a538b6e69a8e85530cac9410&pid=1-s2.0-S0160932724000073-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140332650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Re-enchanting the vocation of science 社论：重新认识科学的使命

IF 0.6 4区哲学

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100920

Donald L. Opitz (Editor-in-Chief)

引用次数: 0

Science as a calling and as a profession: The wider setting in Weber’s scholarly endeavor 科学是一种使命，也是一种职业：韦伯学术研究的大背景

IF 0.6 4区哲学

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100914

H. Floris Cohen

{"title":"Science as a calling and as a profession: The wider setting in Weber’s scholarly endeavor","authors":"H. Floris Cohen","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In his 1917 lecture for Munich students (most often entitled in English translation “Science as a Vocation”), Max Weber addressed numerous issues: not only how “profession” and “calling” are related in science and scholarship, but also <em>Entzauberung</em> (“disenchantment”); rationality and its limits; ultimate values; and the field of tension between science and religion. The present essay locates these themes in Weber’s <em>oeuvre</em> from 1911 onward, and analyses how they resonate and culminate in Weber’s address in 1917. It is in 1911 that he decided to engage with the problem that was to stand central in his thinking until his death in 1920: the nature and causes of certain specific turns in the course of European history which, so he argued, have proven to be of “universal significance.” Special attention is given in the present essay to how Weber dealt in this connection with the rise of modern science and the rise of modern tonal harmony. A concluding section explains what, over a century later, makes reading Weber still so rewarding an experience.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160932724000036/pdfft?md5=6e9aedbd9602ab07f1bc9d68b4495bd2&pid=1-s2.0-S0160932724000036-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ferryman between two cultures: The calling of a historian of science 两种文化之间的摆渡人科学史学者的使命

IF 0.6 4区哲学

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100916

Klaas van Berkel

{"title":"Ferryman between two cultures: The calling of a historian of science","authors":"Klaas van Berkel","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In well-established disciplines like history it is not common to find professionals who admit that they are driven by a “calling” or who say they have a “mission” to fulfill. In emerging disciplines, however, the situation is different: in order to gain recognition these new disciplines need highly driven practitioners, who’s calling enables them to overcome opposition or neglect from the side of the established disciplines. A clear example of such a practitioner with a mission in an emerging field of knowledge is the Dutch historian of science Eduard Jan Dijksterhuis (1892–1965). His career as a mathematics teacher, historical scholar, and public intellectual was marked by the desire to re-integrate science and mathematics in culture in general. Dijksterhuis regarded the history of science as a major instrument to bring about this ideal. His magnum opus, <em>The Mechanization of the World Picture</em> (first published in 1950 in Dutch; translated into English in 1961), was the culmination of a lifetime of writing in the service of a cultural vision that can still inspire our own generation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016093272400005X/pdfft?md5=cfa01911f60c4d7a7bbd369b905b99e5&pid=1-s2.0-S016093272400005X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physics and the quest for transcendence: A Durkheimian approach 物理学与对超越的追求：杜克海姆方法

IF 0.6 4区哲学

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100913

Frans H. van Lunteren

引用次数: 0

Specialists with spirit: Re-enchanting the vocation of science 有精神的专家：为科学的使命重新着色

IF 0.6 4区哲学

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100919

Steven Shapin

引用次数: 0

Diogenes’ tub and the double bind of science and vocation in the late Middle Ages 第欧根尼的浴盆与中世纪晚期科学与使命的双重束缚

IF 0.6 4区哲学

Endeavour Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100912

Catrien Santing

{"title":"Diogenes’ tub and the double bind of science and vocation in the late Middle Ages","authors":"Catrien Santing","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intellectuals tend to cherish heroes who embody their ideal way of life. The fact that the personas of the unworldly Greek philosophers Diogenes and Crates were so popular in the late Middle Ages proves that Max Weber’s <em>Idealtypus</em> of the “authentic man of science” (as termed by Steven Shapin) has been problematic for centuries. This finding gives cause to modify Max Weber’s and Shapin's viewpoints about the loss of the “authentic man of science” due to professionalization. The development of the university as an educational institution in the High Middle Ages chained the academic once and for all to a formal training that costs time and money: investments that were expected to have reward. Soon, university-trained experts were highly appreciated by local and national authorities. By combining Frank Rexroth’s and Marcel Bubert’s ideas on the coming into being of an “<em>amor sciendi</em>” in the twelfth century Arts faculties, with David Kaldewey’s and Klaas van Berkel’s appeals for academic autonomy, my article argues that academics have always struggled to protect the pursuit of truth, even while they recognized its vital importance from the beginning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160932724000012/pdfft?md5=5f020690d7e432780af77b368c502e95&pid=1-s2.0-S0160932724000012-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140187277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0