{"title":"Improving vibration suppression by applying stochastic optimization to a coil-contained vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink within a linear oscillator framework","authors":"Ali Abdollahi , Saeed Bab","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates a coupled system consisting of a linear oscillator (LO) with a damper and spring, interacting with a Vibro Impact Nonlinear Energy Sink (VI-NES) enclosed by a coil. Inside the LO, a ball moves within a cavity, colliding with its boundaries. The research optimizes key parameters- cavity length, restitution coefficient, and coil characteristics -using a Genetic Algorithm (GA). It derives motion equations incorporating electromagnetic and collision forces while assessing an energy-harvesting circuit that converts mechanical vibrations into electrical energy via a load resistance connected to the coil. The analysis highlights transitions in system behavior, ranging from regular to chaotic under certain conditions. Efficiency metrics evaluate the VI-NES effectiveness in energy absorption and dissipation. The optimization method accounts for initial condition variations and introduces an approach to manage uncertainties. Moreover, a multi-objective optimization framework is introduced using the Pareto front approach, defining two objectives: minimizing the vibrational energy of the system and maximizing the electrical energy generated by the coil. Comparing results with prior studies confirms the reliability of this technique, demonstrating that GA optimization significantly reduces LO amplitude response, surpassing approximate methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 116479"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improved analytical model of gear mesh stiffness considering free end effect and contact gap variation","authors":"Feifei Li, Hongkun Li, Jingyu Zhai, Mingyang Yuan, Bin Sun, Zhaorong Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In gear systems, mesh stiffness is regarded as a significant internal excitation with critical influences on the gear dynamics. The existing analytical model for mesh stiffness calculation determines contact stiffness without accounting for stress concentration at the free end, and it neglects variations in the contacting gap when establishing the meshing interval for single and double teeth, resulting in calculation inaccuracies. This paper proposes an analytical method(AM) to achieve highly efficient and precise calculations by considering free end effect and contact gap variation. The method developed correction coefficients using the elastic quarter-space quick correction method, based on Hertz contact theory, half-space theory, and minimum potential energy principle. Hertz contact theory and half-space theory can precisely compute the local contact deformation at the midpoint of tooth width. The elastic quarter-space fast correction method effectively accounts for the free end effect in finite-length space, enabling accurate calculation of local contact stiffness. A mesh stiffness calculation model is built based on the method recommended, considering gear body structure coupling effect and elastic contact gap variation. The precision and efficiency of the proposed method(PM) are verified by finite element method (FEM) benchmarks and existing common methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 116460"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiji Han , Hongdu Wang , Donghao Zhang , Zhijie Liu
{"title":"Distributed curvature control of a continuum arm with intermittently attached cables","authors":"Zhiji Han , Hongdu Wang , Donghao Zhang , Zhijie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a dynamics analysis and curvature control approach for a uniform continuum arm. A pair of cables are intermittently attached to the continuum arm at the tip as well as in several spanwise locations. The dynamical model is based on a set of nonlinear coupled partial differential equations, capturing the complex dynamics of the system. We propose a feedforward plus proportional-derivative feedback control law that ensures exponential stability of the regulation error system in both the <span><math><msup><mi>L</mi><mi>∞</mi></msup></math></span> and <span><math><msup><mi>L</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> norms. The dynamical model with distributed control successfully describes the continuum system’s ability to achieve both C-shaped and S-shaped configurations, which are crucial for various practical applications. Numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, demonstrating precise control over the arm’s bending behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 116461"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolutionary dynamics of information diffusion with sending-receiving interactions","authors":"Zhifang Li, Yikai Wang, Chenxin Ge, Xiaojie Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we systematically investigate the evolutionary dynamics of information diffusion with sending and receiving interactions in both well-mixed and structured populations. We propose an evolutionary game-theoretical model that captures the dual roles of individuals as both senders and receivers, examining not only the strategies of individuals as senders (to send or not to send) but also their strategies as receivers (to accept or deny). By using replicator dynamics, we find that there exists a stable coexistence state between the strategies of “not sending-accepting” and “not sending-denying” in well-mixed populations, with the “sending-accepting” strategy failing to emerge. Furthermore, we theoretically demonstrate that the stable coexistence state is robust against parameter variations. However, in structured populations, we derive a critical mathematical condition under which the emergence of the “sending-accepting” strategy is promoted. This finding highlights the importance of population structure in facilitating efficient information dissemination. Besides, to validate our theoretical results, we conduct computer simulations. All simulation outcomes are in agreement with the theoretical predictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 116457"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data-driven diffusion generative design of energy-absorbing metamaterials using implicit surface representation","authors":"Haoyu Wang , Haisen Xu , Hanlin Xiao , Shan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the design of energy-absorbing materials and structures primarily relies on empirical or heuristic methods. Motivated by advances in generative artificial intelligence techniques, a data-driven diffusion generative approach using implicit surface representation for energy-absorbing metamaterial design is proposed. This approach utilizes the diffusion model to learn the conditional distribution of metamaterial based on specified mechanical properties, converting target properties into potential metamaterial topologies. Additionally, level set-based implicit surface representation ensures that the generated metamaterials have high-quality geometric shapes and clear boundary definitions, enhancing design flexibility while requiring fewer design variables. Numerical simulations and experimental results consistently verify that the proposed approach enables rapid and accurate design of metamaterials tailored to target mechanical performance. This method offers an innovative and efficient solution for the accelerated design of energy-absorbing metamaterials, providing a new perspective and approach to address complex engineering design challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 116467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structural properties of multi-period martingale optimal transport problems and applications","authors":"Brendan Pass, Joshua Hiew","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops new tools to study the structural properties of solutions to multi-period martingale optimal transport (MOT) problems. More precisely, conditions are obtained on how and when two-period martingale couplings may be glued together to obtain multi-period martingales and which among these gluings are optimal for particular MOT problems. Together with a novel linearization of the optimal cost as certain terms vanish, these gluing are used to obtain a complete characterization of limiting solutions in a three-period problem as the interaction between two of the variables vanishes. For the full three-period problem, several structural and uniqueness results under a variety of different assumptions on the marginals and cost function are also obtained. For high-dimensional input data, these approximation methods, if compared with classic direct numerical approximations, are cost-efficient. To illustrate the practicality of these results approximate model independent upper and lower bounds are computed for options prices depending on Amazon stock prices at three different times.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 116466"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Max Barillas , Rogelio Ortigosa , Jesus Martinez-Frutos , Javier Bonet , Alberto García-González
{"title":"A non-intrusive data-driven approach towards a solution of the inverse problem of bending dielectric elastomer actuators","authors":"Max Barillas , Rogelio Ortigosa , Jesus Martinez-Frutos , Javier Bonet , Alberto García-González","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dielectric Elastomer Actuators (DEAs), particularly bending DEAs, have gained significant attention due to their applications in soft robotics, biomimetic systems, and adaptive structures. Recent advancements in computational mechanics and the finite element method (FEM) have enabled accurate simulations of these actuators by incorporating their nonlinear mechanical behavior at large deformations and the coupling between mechanical and electrical responses. However, DEA design often involves solving inverse problems, which become computationally expensive when relying solely on direct simulations. To mitigate this cost, a fast surrogate model is needed. This study proposes a Reduced Order Model (ROM)-based methodology to efficiently determine the optimal locations and magnitudes of applied external potentials in a bending DEA to achieve a desired displacement response. The approach leverages nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques, specifically Kernel Principal Component Analysis (kPCA) and Isometric Mapping (Isomap), to construct a surrogate model that accurately predicts DEA displacement responses from existing data without modifying the underlying FEM formulation. Using this surrogate model, the inverse problem is solved efficiently, achieving high accuracy (<2 % error) while significantly reducing computational cost. The methodology is validated on two different bending DEA geometries, demonstrating its effectiveness in both surrogate modeling and time-efficient inverse problem solving.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 116468"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianpeng Wu , Ao Ding , Wenya Shu , Heyan Li , Liyong Wang , Shuai Han
{"title":"Visual positioning-based microscopic wear failure probability analysis of wet friction component","authors":"Jianpeng Wu , Ao Ding , Wenya Shu , Heyan Li , Liyong Wang , Shuai Han","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The wet friction component, as a crucial part of the power transmission system in mechanical equipment, plays an essential role in ensuring the safety and stability of the equipment’s operation. Consequently, its wear failure directly impacts the power transmission, making the study of its microscopic wear failure significant. This study designs a disc-to-disc test and utilises a white light interferometer to scan the interfacial morphology of the friction component. To facilitate this process, the method employs a visual algorithm to precisely locate the scanned area, allowing for the extraction of microscopic failure characteristics of the friction component. In addition, the study constructs the probability density function of the failure parameters using a kernel density estimator, incorporates it into the limit state function, and applies Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the microscopic failure probability of the friction component. The results indicate that the visual algorithm can accurately locate the overlapping area of the friction component before and after the test, and the failure probability statistical model can precisely calculate the microscopic failure probability of the friction component.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 116475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bobby Minola Ginting , Adel A. Mahmoud , Tatsuhiko Uchida
{"title":"New drag force model for dam-break flows through vegetation under non-hydrostatic conditions and its comparison with high-resolution, fully-resolved model","authors":"Bobby Minola Ginting , Adel A. Mahmoud , Tatsuhiko Uchida","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of vegetation on dam-break flows have been studied only occasionally, often using the conventional drag force formula, which is inadequate for modeling non-uniform flows around emergent obstacles. Therefore, further investigation into drag force formulations is crucial. This study validates numerical simulations against experimental data of dam-break flows through emergent vegetation. In the laboratory, vegetation was modeled as emergent cylinders with various configurations under different initial Froude numbers. Two types of numerical simulations were conducted: (1) fully-resolved modeling using fine-resolution meshes to treat cylinders as wall boundaries, and (2) modeling cylinders as a density value in the drag force formulation. The latter approach introduced a novel drag force formula for non-equilibrium conditions, considering the base drag force component, water surface variations, and pressure gradient, integrated into a semi-implicit computation with the bed friction term evaluated using the Manning formula. Using coarser meshes than the fully-resolved modeling, the proposed approach proved appropriate for quantifying drag force with relatively small errors of less than 10 % against experimental data, while being approximately 690 times less computationally demanding. All non-hydrostatic simulations incurred computational costs up to three times greater than those computed under the hydrostatic assumption alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"150 ","pages":"Article 116458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface effect on frictional contact of piezoelectric material","authors":"Zhanzhou Ma, Tiejun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apm.2025.116456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper focuses on the influence of the surface effect on the frictional contact of a piezoelectric half-plane subjected to a cylindrical indenter. The Fourier integral transform method is adopted to derive the fundamental solution for the frictional contact of piezoelectric materials by considering the surface effect. The distributions of contact stresses and electric displacements on the surface of the piezoelectric material are obtained by numerically solving the governing equations of the sliding frictional contact problem with surface effect. The influence of the friction coefficient, surface residual stress, and surface material constants on the electromechanical response in the frictional contact problem of piezoelectric materials are analyzed. The present research indicates that the surface effect plays a significant role in the frictional contact of piezoelectric materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 116456"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}