American Journal of Dermatopathology最新文献

{"title":"Extradigital Symplastic Glomus Tumor and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Eva B Niklinska, Jonathan Miller, Jeffrey P Zwerner, Alan S Boyd","doi":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002883","DOIUrl":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Symplastic glomus tumors are a rare subtype of glomus tumor defined by nuclear atypia without additional markers of malignancy such as large size, deep location, or atypical/prevalent mitotic figures. Glomus tumors, including the symplastic subtype, most commonly present in the subungual area with rarer extradigital presentation. To our knowledge, there have been less than 25 cases of symplastic glomus tumors described in the literature. Herein, we present a case of extradigital symplastic glomus tumor with review of the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":50967,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Dermatopathology","volume":" ","pages":"42-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lucio Phenomenon: a Review.","authors":"Mario Magaña, María Fernanda Vargas Bornacini, Ana Paula Landeta-Sa, Cristina Aguilar-Mena","doi":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/DAD.0000000000002833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Mycobacterium leprae and M. lepromatosis, the causative agents of leprosy, have left a mark on human history. Despite advances in health care, leprosy continues to affect millions worldwide, often leading to complications, mostly neural, due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. This persisting prevalence emphasizes the need for continued research and effective management strategies. Leprosy presents in many forms, mainly lepromatous and tuberculoid, influenced by the patient's immunological status and exhibits specific clinical characteristics. Studies have shown that Mycobacterium lepromatosis is frequently associated with the lepromatous forms of the disease, characterized by generalized skin lesions and systemic involvement. This connection has led to the distinction of M. lepromatosis as the main cause of Lucio Leprosy and Lucio phenomenon (LPh); this last one is an immune-mediated response, including necrotizing panvasculitis and systemic manifestations. Once considered endemic to Mexico and Central America, migration expanded its geographical reach. Triggers include infections and certain medical conditions. Histopathologically, LPh represents a necrotizing panvasculitis, ischemic necrosis, and the presence of immune components in small vessels. Diagnosis relies on clinical characteristics and histopathological findings. Treatment lacks standardization; however, effective management involves antileprosy medication and systemic glucocorticoids. In conclusion, the historical impact of leprosy and LPh persists in medical discussions. Prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment challenges continue, necessitating ongoing research to improve patient outcomes and bring down this health concern.</p>","PeriodicalId":50967,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Dermatopathology","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic Mesothelioma of the Tunica Vaginalis Presenting as Scrotal and Abdominal Nodules: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Aubre Gilbert, Rebekah Wieland, Natasha Zacher, Kerri Rieger, Gerald J Berry, Roberto Novoa","doi":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002848","DOIUrl":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis (MMTVT) is a rare neoplasm comprising <3% of all cases of malignant mesothelioma (MM). MMTVT derives from the tunica vaginalis testis, an outpouching of the mesothelial-lined abdominal peritoneum that detaches from the abdominal cavity after the descent of the testis. Similar to pleural mesothelioma, asbestos exposure is a known risk factor. However, MMTVT has a better prognosis than pleural mesothelioma. Cutaneous metastases from MMTVT are exceedingly rare. Herein, we describe a case of a 67-year-old man with a history of asbestos exposure presenting with scrotal pain and indurated plaques on his lower abdomen and scrotum. Histologic sections showed a sheet-like dermal proliferation comprising epithelioid cells with necrosis and increased mitotic activity. The clinical and histologic differential diagnosis was broad, including metastatic carcinoma, melanoma, sarcoma, germ cell tumor, hematologic malignancy, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and malignant mesothelioma. By immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells were positive for WT1, D2-40, and AE1/AE3, with rare positivity for calretinin, consistent with a diagnosis of mesothelioma. Additional immunohistochemical studies provided no support for the other diagnostic considerations listed above. BAP1 showed retained nuclear expression (normal) by immunohistochemistry. A DNA sequencing panel identified copy number losses in CDKN2A, MTAP, CDKN2B, and NF2, which are frequently identified genetic alterations in malignant mesothelioma. Subsequent testicular imaging demonstrated a diffusely thickened scrotal wall with an enlarged left testicle. Overall, this represents a case of malignant mesothelioma presenting with cutaneous metastases to the scrotum and lower abdomen, with clinical and imaging features suggestive of primary MMTVT. The International Mesothelioma Interest Group recommends using at least 2 mesothelial markers, such as calretinin, WT1, CK5/6 or D2-40, and 2 epithelial markers, such as claudin-4, CEA, MOC-31, as well as a broad-spectrum cytokeratin stain (AE1/AE3) as part of an initial immunohistochemical panel. Metastatic mesothelioma should be included in the differential diagnosis of malignant epithelioid dermal tumors with unusual staining patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":50967,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Dermatopathology","volume":" ","pages":"e6-e11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LMNA::NTRK1 and PRDX1::NTRK1 Atypical Spitz Tumor: A Report of Two Additional Cases With Histological, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Insights.","authors":"Gerardo Cazzato, Anna Colagrande, Leonardo Resta, Irma Trilli, Carmelo Lupo, Giuseppe Ingravallo, Concetta Caporusso, Isabella Giovannoni, Sabina Barresi","doi":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002865","DOIUrl":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Over the past decade, advancements in molecular biology have contributed to changes in the diagnostic classification of Spitz neoplasms, including Spitz nevi, atypical Spitz tumors, and Spitz melanomas. The recent World Health Organization classification of skin tumors identifies fusion kinases, including NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3, as critical drivers of these lesions. New fusion genes have continued to expand the spectrum of known molecular alterations, particularly within the category of Spitz NTRK-rearranged lesions. We present 2 new cases of NTRK-rearranged Spitz lesions: an atypical Spitz tumor with common LMNA::NTRK1 fusion and an atypical Spitz tumor with a rare PRDX1::NTRK1 fusion. Clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analyses were performed to diagnose these patients. This report adds to the growing body of knowledge on NTRK-rearranged Spitz lesions and underscores the importance of integrating molecular findings with morphological and immunohistochemical data for the accurate classification and understanding of these neoplasms.</p>","PeriodicalId":50967,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Dermatopathology","volume":" ","pages":"22-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utility of PRAME and Ki-67 as Prognostic Markers for Cutaneous Melanoma.","authors":"Marcel Arakaki Asato, Francisco Alves Moraes Neto, Marcelo Padovani de Toledo Moraes, Juliana Polizel Ocanha-Xavier, Luiz Carlos Takita, Maxwell A Fung, Mariangela Esther Alencar Marques, José Cândido Caldeira Xavier-Júnior","doi":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002863","DOIUrl":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Cutaneous melanoma can lead to metastasis, and it is associated with high mortality. Currently, there are no widely accepted immunohistochemistry markers for melanoma prognosis in routine staging. Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a possible biomarker for prognosis in several noncutaneous neoplasms. Ki-67 is a cell proliferation marker correlated with poor outcomes in many cancers. This study assessed PRAME and Ki-67 as potential prognostic markers for sentinel lymph node outcomes and survival among melanoma patients. This is a retrospective study analyzing cutaneous melanoma cases from a Brazilian cancer center (2005-2021). All cases were tested using immunohistochemistry to evaluate PRAME expression and Ki-67 index. Descriptive analysis, Spearman correlations, means comparison, Kaplan-Meier analysis, χ 2 , and Cox models were performed. In univariate analysis of 123 cutaneous melanoma cases, high extent ( P = 0.0267) and elevated intensity ( P = 0.043) of PRAME were associated with decreased overall survival. The Ki-67 index was associated with overall survival ( P = 0.05) and sentinel lymph node status ( P = 0.0403), with a positive correlation between the markers ( P = 0.0004) and between Ki-67 and Breslow thickness ( P = 0.0001). However, in multivariate analysis, only Breslow thickness significantly influenced overall survival ( P = 0.0003). Then, the present results can suggest that elevated PRAME and Ki-67 expression are associated with poor overall survival in cutaneous melanoma; however, in multivariate analysis, only the Breslow thickness had a significant influence. These findings highlight the potential of PRAME and Ki-67 as prognostic markers, opening frontiers that could improve strategies for treating cutaneous melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":50967,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Dermatopathology","volume":" ","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superficial Papular Neuroma: Two Cases of a Distinctive Dermal Neoplasm.","authors":"Ronan Knittel, David Paton, Trevor W Beer","doi":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002872","DOIUrl":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Superficial papular neuroma is a rare cutaneous spindle cell lesion, with only 5 cases reported in 2 studies. We document 2 additional cases in a 45-year-old man and a 43-year-old woman (the first case identified in a woman). Clinically, superficial papular neuromas appear as a single, non-specific papule on the head, neck, or back. Histologically, these lesions are within the papillary and superficial reticular dermis, with nerve-like structures composed of bland spindle-shaped cells intersecting normal tissue with mild reactive acanthosis. The cells are SOX10 positive with neurofilament protein staining multiple axons within. The nerve-like structures in this study were occasionally surrounded by a thin rim of CD34 positivity, with no epithelial membrane antigen staining, similar to normal sensory neurons. Superficial papular neuroma are rare benign neoplasms with no reports of recurrence, even when incompletely excised.</p>","PeriodicalId":50967,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Dermatopathology","volume":" ","pages":"59-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchronous Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Multiple Cutaneous Reticulohistiocytomas With a Common BRAF- V600E/D Mutation Driver.","authors":"Ourania Parra, Natalia Georgantzoglou, Donald Green, Jessica G Wilson, Konstantinos Linos","doi":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002871","DOIUrl":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Histiocytoses constitute a group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by involvement of variable organs by neoplastic macrophage or dendritic cells. They may affect both adults and children with a predilection to the skin, bone, lungs, lymph nodes, and CNS. The coexistence of different types of histiocytoses in the same patient is an extremely rare phenomenon. We describe a very rare case of co-occurring pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis with multiple cutaneous reticulohistiocytomas with a common BRAF- V600E mutation as the driver genetic event in both the lung and skin lesions. The presence of a common BRAF- V600E mutation provides evidence of their clonal relation and contributes to our understanding in the pathogenesis of multiple, co-occurring histiocytic proliferations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50967,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Dermatopathology","volume":" ","pages":"30-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive Cuniculatum Carcinoma of the Groin Mimicking Hidradenitis Suppurativa.","authors":"Natacha Stchepinsky, Marie-Ange Alkassir, Aurélie Charissoux, Justine Lavaud, Philippe Bernard","doi":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002809","DOIUrl":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002809","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50967,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Dermatopathology","volume":" ","pages":"80-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Facial Deep Dermatophytosis Caused by Trichophyton rubrum in an Immunocompromised Patient.","authors":"Wilson Loginus, Chi-Kai Wong, Yang-Chi Lin, Yu-Hung Wu","doi":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002861","DOIUrl":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002861","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50967,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Dermatopathology","volume":"47 1","pages":"75-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathologic Perspective of Nail Lichen Planus: A 10-year Case Series From a Tertiary Care Center in South India.","authors":"Ashrita Laura Fernandez, Maria Frances Bukelo, Pernaje Ishwara Bhat, Inchara Yeliur Kalegowda","doi":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002870","DOIUrl":"10.1097/DAD.0000000000002870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Nail involvement is seen in 10% of lichen planus patients, with a subset developing severe destruction of the nail matrix. Nail biopsy is a complex procedure usually done when nails are the only site of involvement. The pathology of nail lichen planus (NLP) has been the subject of very few studies. Most studies refer to the major and minor histopathologic criteria proposed by Hanno et al. This study aims to characterize the histopathologic features of NLP. Twenty five patients of NLP with nail biopsies, diagnosed in the last 10 years were included in the study. Lichen planus was suspected in all patients, and the alternative diagnosis was psoriasis/onychomycosis and melanoma. On histopathology, the common features included acanthosis (88%), lichenoid lymphocytic inflammation (96%), and hypergranulosis (72%). Detachment of epithelium from the subepithelium, a hitherto unreported feature, was noted in 60% of cases. Less common features were lymphocytic exocytosis (48%), melanophages (40%), basal vacuolar alteration (24%), apoptotic keratinocytes (28%), fraying of the nail plate (24%), and spongiosis (20%). Understanding the common and less common histopathologic features and their correlation with clinical findings is essential to diagnose NLP accurately rather than stressing histologic criteria as major/minor, which may lead to the underdiagnosis of cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":50967,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Dermatopathology","volume":" ","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}