ACM Transactions on Graphics最新文献

{"title":"Cirrus: Adaptive Hybrid Particle-Grid Flow Maps on GPU","authors":"Mengdi Wang, Fan Feng, Junlin Li, Bo Zhu","doi":"10.1145/3731190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731190","url":null,"abstract":"We propose the <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">adaptive hybrid particle-grid flow map</jats:italic> method, a novel flow-map approach that leverages Lagrangian particles to simultaneously transport impulse and guide grid adaptation, introducing a fully adaptive flow map-based fluid simulation framework. The core idea of our method is to maintain flow-map trajectories separately on grid nodes and particles: the grid-based representation tracks long-range flow maps at a coarse spatial resolution, while the particle-based representation tracks both long and short-range flow maps, enhanced by their gradients, at a fine resolution. This hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian flow-map representation naturally enables adaptivity for both advection and projection steps. We implement this method in <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cirrus</jats:italic> , a GPU-based fluid simulation framework designed for octree-like adaptive grids enhanced with particle trackers. The efficacy of our system is demonstrated through numerical tests and various simulation examples, achieving up to 512 × 512 × 2048 effective resolution on an RTX 4090 GPU. We achieve a 1.5 to 2× speedup with our GPU optimization over the Particle Flow Map method on the same hardware, while the adaptive grid implementation offers efficiency gains of one to two orders of magnitude by reducing computational resource requirements. The source code has been made publicly available at: https://wang-mengdi.github.io/proj/25-cirrus/.","PeriodicalId":50913,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MiSo: A DSL for Robust and Efficient Solve and MInimize Problems","authors":"Federico Sichetti, Enrico Puppo, Zizhou Huang, Marco Attene, Denis Zorin, Daniele Panozzo","doi":"10.1145/3731207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731207","url":null,"abstract":"Many problems in computer graphics can be formulated as finding the global minimum of a function subject to a set of non-linear constraints (Minimize), or finding all solutions of a system of non-linear constraints (Solve). We introduce MiSo, a domain-specific language and compiler for generating efficient C++ code for low-dimensional Minimize and Solve problems, that uses interval methods to guarantee conservative results while using floating point arithmetic. We demonstrate that MiSo-generated code shows competitive performance compared to hand-optimized codes for several computer graphics problems, including high-order collision detection with non-linear trajectories, surface-surface intersection, and geometrical validity checks for finite element simulation.","PeriodicalId":50913,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arenite: A Physics-based Sandstone Simulator","authors":"Zhanyu Yang, Aryamaan Jain, Guillaume Cordonnier, Marie-Paule Cani, Zhaopeng Wang, Bedrich Benes","doi":"10.1145/3731201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731201","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce Arenite, a novel physics-based approach for modeling sandstone structures. The key insight of our work is that simulating a combination of stress and multi-factor erosion enables the generation of a wide variety of sandstone structures observed in nature. We isolate the key shape-forming phenomena: multi-physics fabric interlocking, wind and fluvial erosion, and particle-based deposition processes. Complex 3D structures such as arches, alcoves, hoodoos, or buttes can be achieved by creating simple 3D structures with user-painted erodable areas and vegetation and running the simulation. We demonstrate the algorithm on a wide variety of structures, and our GPU-based implementation achieves the simulation in less than 5 minutes on a desktop computer for our most complex example.","PeriodicalId":50913,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing Pin-pression Gripper and Learning its Dexterous Grasping with Online In-hand Adjustment","authors":"Hewen Xiao, Xiuping Liu, Hang Zhao, Jian Liu, Kai Xu","doi":"10.1145/3730880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3730880","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a novel design of parallel-jaw grippers drawing inspiration from pin-pression toys. The proposed pin-pression gripper features a distinctive mechanism in which each finger integrates a 2D array of pins capable of independent extension and retraction. This unique design allows the gripper to instantaneously customize its finger's shape to conform to the object being grasped by dynamically adjusting the extension/retraction of the pins. In addition, the gripper excels in in-hand re-orientation of objects for enhanced grasping stability again via dynamically adjusting the pins. To learn the dynamic grasping skills of pin-pression grippers, we devise a dedicated reinforcement learning algorithm with careful designs of state representation and reward shaping. To achieve a more efficient grasp-while-lift grasping mode, we propose a curriculum learning scheme. Extensive evaluations demonstrate that our design, together with the learned skills, leads to highly flexible and robust grasping with much stronger generality to unseen objects than alternatives. We also highlight encouraging physical results of sim-to-real transfer on a physically manufactured pin-pression gripper, demonstrating the practical significance of our novel gripper design and grasping skill. Demonstration videos for this paper are available at https://github.com/siggraph-pin-pression-gripper/pin-pression-gripper-video.","PeriodicalId":50913,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NeurCross: A Neural Approach to Computing Cross Fields for Quad Mesh Generation","authors":"Qiujie Dong, Huibiao Wen, Rui Xu, Shuangmin Chen, Jiaran Zhou, Shiqing Xin, Changhe Tu, Taku Komura, Wenping Wang","doi":"10.1145/3731159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731159","url":null,"abstract":"Quadrilateral mesh generation plays a crucial role in numerical simulations within Computer-Aided Design and Engineering (CAD/E). Producing high-quality quadrangulation typically requires satisfying four key criteria. First, the quadrilateral mesh should closely align with principal curvature directions. Second, singular points should be strategically placed and effectively minimized. Third, the mesh should accurately conform to sharp feature edges. Lastly, quadrangulation results should exhibit robustness against noise and minor geometric variations. Existing methods generally involve first computing a regular cross field to represent quad element orientations across the surface, followed by extracting a quadrilateral mesh aligned closely with this cross field. A primary challenge with this approach is balancing the smoothness of the cross field with its alignment to pre-computed principal curvature directions, which are sensitive to small surface perturbations and often ill-defined in spherical or planar regions. To tackle this challenge, we propose <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">NeurCross</jats:italic> , a novel framework that simultaneously optimizes a cross field and a neural signed distance function (SDF), whose zero-level set serves as a proxy of the input shape. Our joint optimization is guided by three factors: faithful approximation of the optimized SDF surface to the input surface, alignment between the cross field and the principal curvature field derived from the SDF surface, and smoothness of the cross field. Acting as an intermediary, the neural SDF contributes in two essential ways. First, it provides an alternative, optimizable base surface exhibiting more regular principal curvature directions for guiding the cross field. Second, we leverage the Hessian matrix of the neural SDF to implicitly enforce cross field alignment with principal curvature directions, thus eliminating the need for explicit curvature extraction. Extensive experiments demonstrate that NeurCross outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of singular point placement, robustness against surface noise and surface undulations, and alignment with principal curvature directions and sharp feature curves.","PeriodicalId":50913,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Tours: A Clip-based System for Authoring Long-take Touring Shots","authors":"Xinrui Liu, Longxiulin Deng, Abe Davis","doi":"10.1145/3731423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731423","url":null,"abstract":"Long-take touring (LTT) shots are characterized by smooth camera motion over a long distance that seamlessly connects different views of the captured scene. These shots offer a compelling way to visualize 3D spaces. However, filming LTT shots directly is very difficult, and rendering them based on a virtual reconstruction of a scene is resource-intensive and prone to many visual artifacts. We propose <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hybrid Tours</jats:italic> , a hybrid approach to creating LTT shots that combines the capture of short clips representing potential tour segments with a custom interactive application that lets users filter and combine these segments into longer camera trajectories. We show that Hybrid Tours makes capturing LTT shots much easier than the traditional single-take approach, and that clip-based authoring and reconstruction leads to higher-fidelity results at a lower cost than common image-based rendering workflows.","PeriodicalId":50913,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","volume":"707 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Divide-and-Conquer Approach for Global Orientation of Non-Watertight Scene-Level Point Clouds Using 0-1 Integer Optimization","authors":"Zhuodong Li, Fei Hou, Wencheng Wang, Xuequan Lu, Ying He","doi":"10.1145/3730923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3730923","url":null,"abstract":"Orienting point clouds is a fundamental problem in computer graphics and 3D vision, with applications in reconstruction, segmentation, and analysis. While significant progress has been made, existing approaches mainly focus on watertight, object-level 3D models. The orientation of large-scale, non-watertight 3D scenes remains an underexplored challenge. To address this gap, we propose <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DACPO</jats:italic> (Divide-And-Conquer Point Orientation), a novel framework that leverages a divide-and-conquer strategy for scalable and robust point cloud orientation. Rather than attempting to orient an unbounded scene at once, DACPO segments the input point cloud into smaller, manageable blocks, processes each block independently, and integrates the results through a global optimization stage. For each block, we introduce a two-step process: estimating initial normal orientations by a randomized greedy method and refining them by an adapted iterative Poisson surface reconstruction. To achieve consistency across blocks, we model inter-block relationships using an an undirected graph, where nodes represent blocks and edges connect spatially adjacent blocks. To reliably evaluate orientation consistency between adjacent blocks, we introduce the concept of the <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">visible connected region</jats:italic> , which defines the region over which visibility-based assessments are performed. The global integration is then formulated as a 0-1 integer-constrained optimization problem, with block flip states as binary variables. Despite the combinatorial nature of the problem, DACPO remains scalable by limiting the number of blocks (typically a few hundred for 3D scenes) involved in the optimization. Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate DACPO's strong performance, particularly in challenging large-scale, non-watertight scenarios where existing methods often fail. The source code is available at https://github.com/zd-lee/DACPO.","PeriodicalId":50913,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DesignManager: An Agent-Powered Copilot for Designers to Integrate AI Design Tools into Creative Workflows","authors":"Weitao You, Yinyu Lu, Zirui Ma, Nan Li, Mingxu Zhou, Xue Zhao, Pei Chen, Lingyun Sun","doi":"10.1145/3730919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3730919","url":null,"abstract":"Creative design is an inherently complex and iterative process characterized by continuous exploration, evaluation, and refinement. While recent advances in generative AI have demonstrated remarkable potential in supporting specific design tasks, there remains a critical gap in understanding how these technologies can enhance the holistic design process rather than just isolated stages. This paper introduces DesignManager, a novel AI-powered design support system that aims to transform how designers collaborate with AI throughout their creative workflow. Through a formative study examining designers' current practices with generative AI, we identified key challenges and opportunities in integrating AI into the creative design process. Based on these insights, we developed DesignManager as an interactive copilot system that provides node-based visualization of design evolution, enabling designers to track, modify, and branch their design processes while maintaining meaningful dialogue-based collaboration. The system offers two collaboration modes: DesignManager-guiding and Designer-guiding. Designers can engage in conversational interactions with the DesignManager to obtain design inspiration and tool recommendations, and proactively advance the design progress. The system employs an agent framework to manage decoupled contextual information emerged during the design process, facilitating deep understanding of designers' needs and providing context-aware assistance. Our technical evaluation validated the effectiveness of context decoupling and the use of agent framework, while the open-ended user study with experts demonstrated that DesignManager successfully supports intuitive intention expression, flexible process control, and deeper creative articulation. This work contributes to the understanding of how AI can evolve from task-specific tools to collaborative partners in creative design processes.","PeriodicalId":50913,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PhysicsFC: Learning User-Controlled Skills for a Physics-Based Football Player Controller","authors":"Minsu Kim, Eunho Jung, Yoonsang Lee","doi":"10.1145/3731425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731425","url":null,"abstract":"We propose PhysicsFC, a method for controlling physically simulated football player characters to perform a variety of football skills-such as dribbling, trapping, moving, and kicking-based on user input, while seamlessly transitioning between these skills. Our skill-specific policies, which generate latent variables for each football skill, are trained using an existing physics-based motion embedding model that serves as a foundation for reproducing football motions. Key features include a tailored reward design for the Dribble policy, a two-phase reward structure combined with projectile dynamics-based initialization for the Trap policy, and a Data-Embedded Goal-Conditioned Latent Guidance (DEGCL) method for the Move policy. Using the trained skill policies, the proposed football player finite state machine (PhysicsFC FSM) allows users to interactively control the character. To ensure smooth and agile transitions between skill policies, as defined in the FSM, we introduce the Skill Transition-Based Initialization (STI), which is applied during the training of each skill policy. We develop several interactive scenarios to showcase PhysicsFC's effectiveness, including competitive trapping and dribbling, give-and-go plays, and 11v11 football games, where multiple PhysicsFC agents produce natural and controllable physics-based football player behaviors. Quantitative evaluations further validate the performance of individual skill policies and the transitions between them, using the presented metrics and experimental designs.","PeriodicalId":50913,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conformal First Passage for Epsilon-free Walk-on-Spheres","authors":"Paul Himmler, Tobias Günther","doi":"10.1145/3730942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3730942","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, grid-free Monte Carlo methods have gained increasing popularity for solving fundamental partial differential equations. For a given point in the domain, the <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Walk-on-Spheres</jats:italic> method solves a boundary integral equation by integrating recursively over the largest possible sphere. When the walks approach boundaries with Dirichlet conditions, the number of path vertices increases considerably, since the step size becomes smaller with decreasing distance to the boundary. In practice, the walks are terminated once they reach an epsilon-shell around the boundary. This, however, introduces bias, leading to a trade-off between accuracy and performance. Instead of using spheres, we propose to utilize geometric primitives that share more than one point with the boundary to increase the likelihood of immediately terminating. Along the boundary of those new geometric primitives a sampling probability is needed, which corresponds to the exit probability of a Brownian motion. This is known as a first passage problem. Utilizing that Laplace equations are invariant under conformal maps, we transform exit points from unit circles to the exit points of our geometric primitives, for which we describe a suitable placement strategy. With this, we obtain a novel approach to solve the Laplace equation in two dimensions, which does not require an epsilon-shell, significantly reduces the number of path vertices, and reduces inaccuracies near Dirichlet boundaries.","PeriodicalId":50913,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}