Advances in Immunology最新文献_第5页

The role of properdin and Factor H in disease. properdin和因子H在疾病中的作用。

3区医学

Advances in Immunology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2021.12.001

Claudio Cortes, Caroline Desler, Amanda Mazzoli, Jin Y Chen, Viviana P Ferreira

{"title":"The role of properdin and Factor H in disease.","authors":"Claudio Cortes, Caroline Desler, Amanda Mazzoli, Jin Y Chen, Viviana P Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/bs.ai.2021.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ai.2021.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"The complement system consists of three pathways (alternative, classical, and lectin) that play a fundamental role in immunity and homeostasis. The multifunctional role of the complement system includes direct lysis of pathogens, tagging pathogens for phagocytosis, promotion of inflammatory responses to control infection, regulation of adaptive cellular immune responses, and removal of apoptotic/dead cells and immune complexes from circulation. A tight regulation of the complement system is essential to avoid unwanted complement-mediated damage to the host. This regulation is ensured by a set of proteins called complement regulatory proteins. Deficiencies or malfunction of these regulatory proteins may lead to pro-thrombotic hematological diseases, renal and ocular diseases, and autoimmune diseases, among others. This review focuses on the importance of two complement regulatory proteins of the alternative pathway, Factor H and properdin, and their role in human diseases with an emphasis on: (a) characterizing the main mechanism of action of Factor H and properdin in regulating the complement system and protecting the host from complement-mediated attack, (b) describing the dysregulation of the alternative pathway as a result of deficiencies, or mutations, in Factor H and properdin, (c) outlining the clinical findings, management and treatment of diseases associated with mutations and deficiencies in Factor H, and (d) defining the unwanted and inadequate functioning of properdin in disease, through a discussion of various experimental research findings utilizing in vitro, mouse and human models.","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":"153 ","pages":"1-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10609533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Self-referential immune recognition through C-type lectin receptors. 通过c型凝集素受体的自我参照免疫识别。

3区医学

Advances in Immunology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2022.09.001

Carla Guenther, Masamichi Nagae, Sho Yamasaki

引用次数: 0

RNA methylation in immune cells. 免疫细胞中的RNA甲基化。

3区医学

Advances in Immunology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2022.08.002

Yunzhu Chen, Min-Hee Oh, Richard Flavell, Hua-Bing Li

引用次数: 3

Recent advances in the activation and regulation of the cGAS-STING pathway. cGAS-STING通路的激活与调控研究进展。

3区医学

Advances in Immunology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2022.09.003

Run Fang, Qifei Jiang, Xiaoyu Yu, Zhen Zhao, Zhengfan Jiang

引用次数: 4

Becoming aware of γδ T cells. 开始意识到γδ T细胞。

3区医学

Advances in Immunology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2021.12.002

Willi K Born, Rebecca L O'Brien

{"title":"Becoming aware of γδ T cells.","authors":"Willi K Born, Rebecca L O'Brien","doi":"10.1016/bs.ai.2021.12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ai.2021.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery that B cells and αβ T cells exist was predictable: These cells gave themselves away through their products and biological effects. In contrast, there was no reason to anticipate the existence of γδ T cells. Even the accidental discovery of a novel TCR-like gene (later named γ) that did not encode TCR α or β proteins did not immediately change this. TCR-like γ had no obvious function, and its early expression in the thymus encouraged speculation about a possible role in αβ T cell development. However, the identification of human PBL-derived cell-lines which expressed CD3 in complex with the TCR-like γ protein, but not the αβ TCR, first indicated that a second T cell-type might exist, and the TCR-like γ chain was observed to co-precipitate with another protein. Amid speculation about a possible second TCR, this potential dimeric partner was named δ. To determine if the δ protein was indeed TCR-like, we undertook to sequence it. Meanwhile, a fourth TCR-like gene was discovered and provisionally named x. TCR-like x had revealed itself through genomic rearrangements early in T cell development, and was an attractive candidate for the gene encoding δ. The observation that δ protein sequences matched the predicted amino acid sequences encoded by the x gene, as well as serological cross-reactivity, confirmed that the TCR-like x gene indeed encoded the δ protein. Thus, the γδ heterodimer was established as a second TCR, and the cells that express it (the γδ T cells) consequently represented a third lymphocyte-population with the potential of recognizing diverse antigens. Soon, it became clear that γδ T cells are widely distributed and conserved among the vertebrate species, implying biological importance. Consistently, early functional studies revealed their roles in host resistance to pathogens, tissue repair, immune regulation, metabolism, organ physiology and more. Albeit discovered late, γδ T cells have repeatedly proven to play a distinct and often critical immunological role, and now generate much interest.","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":"153 ","pages":"91-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10609532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibody dependent enhancement: Unavoidable problems in vaccine development. 抗体依赖性增强:疫苗开发中不可避免的问题。

3区医学

Advances in Immunology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2021.08.003

Lele Xu, Zhiqian Ma, Yang Li, Zhaoxia Pang, Shuqi Xiao

引用次数: 27

The transcription factors GFI1 and GFI1B as modulators of the innate and acquired immune response. 转录因子GFI1和GFI1B作为先天和获得性免疫反应的调节剂。

3区医学

Advances in Immunology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2021.03.003

Jennifer Fraszczak, Tarik Möröy

{"title":"The transcription factors GFI1 and GFI1B as modulators of the innate and acquired immune response.","authors":"Jennifer Fraszczak, Tarik Möröy","doi":"10.1016/bs.ai.2021.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ai.2021.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"GFI1 and GFI1B are small nuclear proteins of 45 and 37kDa, respectively, that have a simple two-domain structure: The first consists of a group of six c-terminal C2H2 zinc finger motifs that are almost identical in sequence and bind to very similar, specific DNA sites. The second is an N-terminal 20 amino acid SNAG domain that can bind to the pocket of the histone demethylase KDM1A (LSD1) near its active site. When bound to DNA, both proteins act as bridging factors that bring LSD1 and associated proteins into the vicinity of methylated substrates, in particular histone H3 or TP53. GFI1 can also bring methyl transferases such as PRMT1 together with its substrates that include the DNA repair proteins MRE11 and 53BP1, thereby enabling their methylation and activation. While GFI1B is expressed almost exclusively in the erythroid and megakaryocytic lineage, GFI1 has clear biological roles in the development and differentiation of lymphoid and myeloid immune cells. GFI1 is required for lymphoid/myeloid and monocyte/granulocyte lineage decision as well as the correct nuclear interpretation of a number of important immune-signaling pathways that are initiated by NOTCH1, interleukins such as IL2, IL4, IL5 or IL7, by the pre TCR or -BCR receptors during early lymphoid differentiation or by T and B cell receptors during activation of lymphoid cells. Myeloid cells also depend on GFI1 at both stages of early differentiation as well as later stages in the process of activation of macrophages through Toll-like receptors in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The knowledge gathered on these factors over the last decades puts GFI1 and GFI1B at the center of many biological processes that are critical for both the innate and acquired immune system.","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":"149 ","pages":"35-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/bs.ai.2021.03.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38986921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Series Page 系列页面

3区医学

Advances in Immunology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2776(21)00008-0

引用次数: 0

Thymoproteasome optimizes positive selection of CD8⁺ T cells without contribution of negative selection. 胸腺蛋白酶体优化了CD8+ T细胞的正向选择，而没有负向选择的贡献。

3区医学

Advances in Immunology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2021.03.001

Izumi Ohigashi, Yousuke Takahama

引用次数: 0

Follicular lymphoma dynamics. 滤泡性淋巴瘤动力学。

3区医学

Advances in Immunology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2021.05.002

Pierre Milpied, Anita K Gandhi, Guillaume Cartron, Laura Pasqualucci, Karin Tarte, Bertrand Nadel, Sandrine Roulland

{"title":"Follicular lymphoma dynamics.","authors":"Pierre Milpied, Anita K Gandhi, Guillaume Cartron, Laura Pasqualucci, Karin Tarte, Bertrand Nadel, Sandrine Roulland","doi":"10.1016/bs.ai.2021.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ai.2021.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent yet challenging disease. Despite a generally favorable response to immunochemotherapy regimens, a fraction of patients does not respond or relapses early with unfavorable prognosis. For the vast majority of those who initially respond, relapses will repeatedly occur with increasing refractoriness to available treatments. Addressing the clinical challenges in FL warrants deep understanding of the nature of treatment-resistant FL cells seeding relapses, and of the biological basis of early disease progression. Great progress has been made in the last decade in the description and interrogation of the (epi)genomic landscape of FL cells, of their major dependency to the tumor microenvironment (TME), and of the stepwise lymphomagenesis process, from healthy to subclinical disease and to overt FL. A new picture is emerging, in which an ever-evolving tumor-TME duo sparks a complex and multilayered clonal and functional heterogeneity, blurring the discovery of prognostic biomarkers, patient stratification and reliable designs of risk-adapted treatments. Novel technological approaches allowing to decipher both tumor and TME heterogeneity at the single-cell level are beginning to unravel unsuspected cell dynamics and plasticity of FL cells. The upcoming drawing of a comprehensive functional picture of FL within its ecosystem holds great promise to address the unmet medical needs of this complex lymphoma.","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"43-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/bs.ai.2021.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39112291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16