Advances in ImmunologyPub Date : 2019-01-01Epub Date: 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2019.05.001
Luke R Bonser, David J Erle
{"title":"The airway epithelium in asthma.","authors":"Luke R Bonser, David J Erle","doi":"10.1016/bs.ai.2019.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ai.2019.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is a genetically and phenotypically complex disease that has a major impact on global health. Signs and symptoms of asthma are caused by the obstruction of airflow through the airways. The epithelium that lines the airways plays a major role in maintaining airway patency and in host defense. The epithelium initiates responses to inhaled or aspirated substances, including allergens, viruses, and bacteria, and epithelial-derived cytokines are important in the recruitment and activation of immune cells in the airway. Changes in the structure and function of the airway epithelium are a prominent feature of asthma. Approximately half of individuals with asthma have evidence of active type 2 immune responses in the airway. In these individuals, epithelial cytokines promote type 2 responses, and responses to type 2 cytokines result in increased epithelial mucus production and other effects that cause airway obstruction. Recent work also implicates other epithelial responses, including interleukin-17, interferon and ER stress responses, that may contribute to asthma pathogenesis and provide new targets for therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":"142 ","pages":"1-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/bs.ai.2019.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37415293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advances in ImmunologyPub Date : 2019-01-01Epub Date: 2019-05-14DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2019.04.002
Yoshihide Kanaoka, K Frank Austen
{"title":"Roles of cysteinyl leukotrienes and their receptors in immune cell-related functions.","authors":"Yoshihide Kanaoka, K Frank Austen","doi":"10.1016/bs.ai.2019.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ai.2019.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs), leukotriene C<sub>4</sub>, (LTC<sub>4</sub>), LTD<sub>4</sub>, and LTE<sub>4</sub>, are lipid mediators of inflammation. LTC<sub>4</sub> is the only intracellularly synthesized cys-LT through the 5-lipoxygenase and LTC<sub>4</sub> synthase pathway and after transport is metabolized to LTD<sub>4</sub> and LTE<sub>4</sub> by specific extracellular peptidases. Each cys-LT has a preferred functional receptor in vivo; LTD<sub>4</sub> to the type 1 cys-LT receptor (CysLT<sub>1</sub>R), LTC<sub>4</sub> to CysLT<sub>2</sub>R, and LTE<sub>4</sub> to CysLT<sub>3</sub>R (OXGR1 or GPR99). Recent studies in mouse models revealed that there are multiple regulatory mechanisms for these receptor functions and each receptor plays a distinct role as observed in different mouse models of inflammation and immune responses. This review focuses on the integrated host responses to the cys-LT/CysLTR pathway composed of sequential ligands with preferred receptors as seen from mouse models. It also discusses potential therapeutic targets for LTC<sub>4</sub> synthase, CysLT<sub>2</sub>R, and CysLT<sub>3</sub>R.</p>","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":"142 ","pages":"65-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/bs.ai.2019.04.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37415295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibody responses to the HIV-1 envelope high mannose patch.","authors":"C. N. Daniels, K. Saunders","doi":"10.1016/BS.AI.2019.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/BS.AI.2019.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":"143 1","pages":"11-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/BS.AI.2019.08.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54025324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neuronal regulation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells and type 2 inflammation.","authors":"Saya Moriyama, D. Artis","doi":"10.1016/BS.AI.2019.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/BS.AI.2019.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":"143 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/BS.AI.2019.08.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54025287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advances in ImmunologyPub Date : 2019-01-01Epub Date: 2019-09-16DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2019.09.001
David A Anderson, Kenneth M Murphy
{"title":"Models of dendritic cell development correlate ontogeny with function.","authors":"David A Anderson, Kenneth M Murphy","doi":"10.1016/bs.ai.2019.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ai.2019.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid advances have been made to uncover the mechanisms that regulate dendritic cell (DC) development, and in turn, how models of development can be employed to define dendritic cell function. Models of DC development have been used to define the unique functions of DC subsets during immune responses to distinct pathogens. More recently, models of DC function have expanded to include their homeostatic and inflammatory physiology, modes of communication with various innate and adaptive immune lineages, and specialized functions across different lymphoid organs. New models of DC development call for revisions of previously accepted paradigms with respect to the ontogeny of plasmacytoid DC (pDC) and classical DC (cDC) subsets. By far, development of the cDC1 subset is best understood, and models have now been developed that can separate deficiencies in development from deficiencies in function. Such models are lacking for pDCs and cDC2s, limiting the depth of our understanding of their unique and essential roles during immune responses. If novel immunotherapies aim to harness the functions of human DCs, understanding of DC development will be essential to develop models DC function. Here we review emerging models of DC development and function.</p>","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":"143 1","pages":"99-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10931540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54025795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contributors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s0065-2776(19)30010-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2776(19)30010-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/s0065-2776(19)30010-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55885531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Copyright","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s0065-2776(19)30052-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2776(19)30052-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50862,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/s0065-2776(19)30052-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55885592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}