Pharmacia最新文献

{"title":"Potential of 10% propolis-based toothpaste on the inhibition of biofilm-forming bacteria growth in vitro","authors":"Suryono Suryono, P. Setiawan, Nur Rahman Ahmad Seno Aji, Christia Aye Waindy Vega, Budi Rodestawati, Endang Lukitaningsih, Friska Ani Rahman, Sherlina Devina, Sholiha Sarah Tsabita, Selcaria Istna Datau, A. Alhasyimi","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e118072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e118072","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: To investigate the potential of 10% propolis-based toothpaste on inhibiting biofilm-forming bacteria growth in vitro.\u0000 Material and method: Organoleptic properties are evaluated, considering color, odor, and taste. Antibacterial tests use a disc diffusion method against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria, while cytotoxicity is assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay on fibroblast cells. Statistical analysis involves mean ± standard deviation. The data were then tested using a one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis, followed by post-hoc test (p < 0.05).\u0000 Results: The organoleptic evaluation of 10% propolis toothpaste reveals a visually clear appearance, consistent orange flavor, and aroma lasting 30 days. Based on the antibacterial results, a 10% level of propolis toothpaste sample inhibited the growth of Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria. The post-hoc test showed that toothpaste demonstrated significant inhibition on S. mutans and S. aureus compared to the negative control (p < 0.05). The toothpaste showed a larger inhibitory zone towards P. gingivalis compared to the adverse control; however, no significant differences were observed (p > 0.05). Cytotoxicity assessment on fibroblast cells shows a high percentage (85.31%) of viable cells. The findings highlight the 10% of propolis toothpaste’s potential and non-toxic as oral care product.\u0000 Conclusions: 10% propolis toothpaste inhibits S. mutans, S. aureus, P. gingivalis growth, and not toxic on fibroblast.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"207 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140445450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of regulatory implementation of regulation 536/2014 by European Union countries and Ukraine regarding the examination of clinical trials data and information","authors":"L. Hala, Oleksandr Nabok","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e109829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e109829","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of regulatory requirements for expertise of clinical trials documentation, submitted for regulatory authority and ethic committees’ approval in EU member countries and Ukraine, outlining the main trends, considering the updated Regulation (EU) No 536/2014, which came into effect on January 31, 2023. Among the positive changes are simplification of safety reporting requirements, use of artificial intelligence in the process of clinical trials documentation examination for obtaining regulatory authority and ethic commission approval, introduction of a single portal for submitting materials for clinical trials, and functioning of database for the submission and review of initial Clinical Trial Application documents and obtaining authorization within the EU to facilitate the interaction between applicants and regulatory authority are highlighted. To harmonize Ukraine’s regulatory requirements with EU legislation, it is advisable to use a single portal for data exchange and document submission for applicants in regards to clinical trials, regulatory authority and local ethics committees. This will expedite the examination process of clinical trial documentation and simplify the monitoring of document review progress.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"258 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoconstituents, antioxidant, and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of the leaves and stem extracts of Artocarpus sericicarpus","authors":"Suciati Suciati, E. R. Laili, Hamizah Haula, L. Tumewu, N. Nuengchamnong, N. Suphrom, A. Widyawaruyanti","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e112499","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of the leaves and stems of Artocarpus sericicarpus and to analyse the phenolic compounds in the extracts. The modified Ellman’s method was used to determine the cholinesterase inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS methods. The total phenolic content (TPC) was measured by spectrometric assay, and compound identification was carried out by LC-MS/MS analysis. The results showed that the leaf and stem extracts of A. sericicarpus exerted significant inhibitory effects against AChE and BChE, as well as antioxidant activities. The stem ethanolic extract exhibited the highest potency against AChE and BChE with IC50 values of 5.81 and 11.46 µg/mL, respectively. The leaf and stem ethanolic extracts gave higher antioxidant activities and TPC compared to the water-based extracts. The LC-MS/MS analysis indicated the presence of phenolic compounds, such as flavones, flavonols, flavanones, prenylated chalcones, and xanthones in the extracts.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140450138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to disease-modifying therapies among patients with multiple sclerosis in Bulgaria – A real world study","authors":"Y. Seitaridou, T. Chamova, M. Kamusheva","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117681","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose was to assess the level of medication adherence (MA) and related factors among individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Bulgaria.\u0000 Materials and methods: A prospective one-year study was conducted among 54 patients with MS diagnosed, treated, and monitored in Clinic of Neurology, University Hospital “Alexandrovska”, Sofia in 2022/2023. Clinical data, patients reported outcomes, patients’ characteristics such as age, gender and reduced work capacity, and other data were collected to define the predictors of non-adherence to medicines. MA level was assessed through a free Morisky–Green 4-item questionnaire.\u0000 Results: Мost of the observed patients were rated with high and moderate adherence to MS therapy (n = 44; 81.48%). The remaining 18.52% of the patients with poor adherence to therapy were women. There was no statistical basis for asserting differences in adherence levels among the various factors considered.\u0000 Conclusion: The current study demonstrates the importance of MA assessment and provides insights into MA among patients with MS in Bulgaria. Still, there are low-adherent patients, and the responsible factors should be further investigated.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"302 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to disease-modifying therapies among patients with multiple sclerosis in Bulgaria – A real world study","authors":"Y. Seitaridou, T. Chamova, M. Kamusheva","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117681","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose was to assess the level of medication adherence (MA) and related factors among individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Bulgaria.\u0000 Materials and methods: A prospective one-year study was conducted among 54 patients with MS diagnosed, treated, and monitored in Clinic of Neurology, University Hospital “Alexandrovska”, Sofia in 2022/2023. Clinical data, patients reported outcomes, patients’ characteristics such as age, gender and reduced work capacity, and other data were collected to define the predictors of non-adherence to medicines. MA level was assessed through a free Morisky–Green 4-item questionnaire.\u0000 Results: Мost of the observed patients were rated with high and moderate adherence to MS therapy (n = 44; 81.48%). The remaining 18.52% of the patients with poor adherence to therapy were women. There was no statistical basis for asserting differences in adherence levels among the various factors considered.\u0000 Conclusion: The current study demonstrates the importance of MA assessment and provides insights into MA among patients with MS in Bulgaria. Still, there are low-adherent patients, and the responsible factors should be further investigated.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"67 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Authority’s (HERA) role in dealing with the monkeypox emergency in the European Union","authors":"Atanas Toshev, Elina S Petkova-Gueorguieva, A. Mihaylova, Galinka Pavlova, Nikoleta Parahuleva, Stefan Balkanski, Lily Peikova, V. Getova, V. Madzharov, S. Gueorguiev","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117944","url":null,"abstract":"The current article examines and analyzes the actions taken by the European Commission, specifically through the Directorate-General Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Authority (HERA) – an organization that anticipates threats and potential health crises, through intelligence gathering and building the necessary response capacities), aimed at supporting member states in limiting the spread of MPOX (monkeypox – an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus). It explores specific pharmaceutical products and vaccines procured by HERA and how they have been distributed among member states. The article raises questions about the compliance in purchasing pharmaceutical products and vaccines lacking approval for use within the European Union, highlighting the potential new regulatory challenges for Bulgaria if it needs to secure medications for treatment of human smallpox disease such as Jynneos and TPOXX (Tecovirimat) for its citizens. In conclusion, the article notes the swift response of HERA through the procurement of the Jynneos vaccine and TPOXX medicinal product. This swift response may have contributed to the decline of MPOX cases in the European region, potentially due to collaborative efforts among health authorities at both European and national levels. This success underscores the importance of cooperation among health authorities at various levels in combating infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139776931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arylnaphthalene lignans with a focus Linum species: a review on phytochemical, biotechnological and pharmacological potential","authors":"Rada Nedelcheva, Y. Zarev, Rositsa Mihaylova, E. Kozuharova, Georgi Momekov, I. Ionkova","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117690","url":null,"abstract":"Lignans are a large group of dimeric phenylpropanoids with a long and distinguished history of medicinal use in the ancient cultures of many peoples. The two main groups, -aryltetralin and arylnaphthalene lignans, are leading compounds with important pharmacological properties and a wide range of biological activities. While the first group is well studied mainly for the production of podophyllotoxin, for arylnaphthalene lignans, the data on the availability of a sustainable resource for their production is are still insufficient. The Linum genus, comprising approximately 180 species, is notable for its arylnaphthalene lignans production like justicidin B and isojusticidin B. The pharmacological potential of arylnaphthalene lignans includes cytotoxic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antiprotozoal effects. The review highlights the use of biotechnology by in vitro cultures for optimising lignan production. Structural elucidation of novel lignans underscores the ongoing diversity and potential discoveries in this botanical domain, providing an important additional information of arylnaphthalene lignans.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139837753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Authority’s (HERA) role in dealing with the monkeypox emergency in the European Union","authors":"Atanas Toshev, Elina S Petkova-Gueorguieva, A. Mihaylova, Galinka Pavlova, Nikoleta Parahuleva, Stefan Balkanski, Lily Peikova, V. Getova, V. Madzharov, S. Gueorguiev","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117944","url":null,"abstract":"The current article examines and analyzes the actions taken by the European Commission, specifically through the Directorate-General Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Authority (HERA) – an organization that anticipates threats and potential health crises, through intelligence gathering and building the necessary response capacities), aimed at supporting member states in limiting the spread of MPOX (monkeypox – an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus). It explores specific pharmaceutical products and vaccines procured by HERA and how they have been distributed among member states. The article raises questions about the compliance in purchasing pharmaceutical products and vaccines lacking approval for use within the European Union, highlighting the potential new regulatory challenges for Bulgaria if it needs to secure medications for treatment of human smallpox disease such as Jynneos and TPOXX (Tecovirimat) for its citizens. In conclusion, the article notes the swift response of HERA through the procurement of the Jynneos vaccine and TPOXX medicinal product. This swift response may have contributed to the decline of MPOX cases in the European region, potentially due to collaborative efforts among health authorities at both European and national levels. This success underscores the importance of cooperation among health authorities at various levels in combating infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"190 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139836553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arylnaphthalene lignans with a focus Linum species: a review on phytochemical, biotechnological and pharmacological potential","authors":"Rada Nedelcheva, Y. Zarev, Rositsa Mihaylova, E. Kozuharova, Georgi Momekov, I. Ionkova","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e117690","url":null,"abstract":"Lignans are a large group of dimeric phenylpropanoids with a long and distinguished history of medicinal use in the ancient cultures of many peoples. The two main groups, -aryltetralin and arylnaphthalene lignans, are leading compounds with important pharmacological properties and a wide range of biological activities. While the first group is well studied mainly for the production of podophyllotoxin, for arylnaphthalene lignans, the data on the availability of a sustainable resource for their production is are still insufficient. The Linum genus, comprising approximately 180 species, is notable for its arylnaphthalene lignans production like justicidin B and isojusticidin B. The pharmacological potential of arylnaphthalene lignans includes cytotoxic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antiprotozoal effects. The review highlights the use of biotechnology by in vitro cultures for optimising lignan production. Structural elucidation of novel lignans underscores the ongoing diversity and potential discoveries in this botanical domain, providing an important additional information of arylnaphthalene lignans.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"59 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139778193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of L-Arginine from Giant Snake Head fish (Channa micropeltes) on neuroinflammation and neuron damage in traumatic brain injury in rats","authors":"Andy Nugroho, D. Tamtomo, D. Indarto, R. Cilmiaty, Soetrisno","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.71.e111239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e111239","url":null,"abstract":"Backgrounds: Traumatic brain injury has high mortality and morbidity. The involvement of neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal damage in traumatic brain injury is the basis for the development of renewable neuroprotective agents, one of which is the amino acid L-Arginine. The amino acid L-Arginine which can be found in Giant Snake Head fish (Channa micropeltes) is thought to inhibit anti-inflammatory effects through the Arg-1 signaling pathway.\u0000 Aims: To prove and analyze the effect of giving L-Arginine Giant Snake Head fish on neuroinflammation and neuronal damage in a rat model of traumatic brain injury.\u0000 Methods: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) study used a posttest-only control group design. Thirty-five male rats (Rattus norvegicus) with the Wistar strain were randomly divided into five treatment groups, namely the normal control group (N), negative control (KN), and 3 treatment groups (A-C). The KN and A-C groups were modeled after traumatic brain injury and given L-Arginine at a dose of 0.5; 1.5; and 3 g/kgBW/day for 7 days specifically A-C. Brain tissue samples were used for the examination of TLR4, TNF-α, GSDMD, Caspase-3, and histopathological features. All data were analyzed using the Kruskall-Wallis test, except for GSDMD expression with a significance <0.05.\u0000 Results: The mean TLR4 expression in A (15.7 ± 5.35), B (12.9 ± 5.67), and C (11.4 ± 6.27) were lower and significant compared to KN, but higher and significant compared to N. The same pattern appears in the decrease in TNF-α expression, Caspase-3 expression, and histopathology of brain tissue damage. The mean relative expression of GSDMD to N in A (1.3 ± 0.53), B (1.2 ± 0.52), and C (1.2 ± 0.60) was higher than in KN, but not significant. Relative expression of GSDMD to Beta Actin, A and B have the same higher expression than C, KN, and N.\u0000 Conclusion: Expression of TLR-4, TNF-α, Caspase-3 and histopathology of brain tissue damage in traumatic brain injury model rats given Giant Snake Head fish L-Arginine were lower than without L-Arginine. Meanwhile, the expression of GSDMD in traumatic brain injury model rats when given Giant Snake Head fish L-Arginine was slightly higher than without L-Arginine.","PeriodicalId":508564,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"43 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139840972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}