Agricultural Economics最新文献_第9页

Does private sector involvement improve the distribution efficiency of subsidized fertilizer? A natural experiment from Nepal 私营部门的参与是否提高了补贴肥料的分配效率?一个来自尼泊尔的自然实验

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-02-19 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12768

Ganesh Thapa, Yam Kanta Gaihre, Dyutiman Choudhary, Shriniwas Gautam

{"title":"Does private sector involvement improve the distribution efficiency of subsidized fertilizer? A natural experiment from Nepal","authors":"Ganesh Thapa, Yam Kanta Gaihre, Dyutiman Choudhary, Shriniwas Gautam","doi":"10.1111/agec.12768","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12768","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the government spending significant amounts on fertilizer subsidies, Nepal's average fertilizer application rate is lower than in other South Asian countries. The low application is attributed to poor access to fertilizer and an inefficient distribution system. The government of Nepal issued a “Fertilizer Distribution Directive (FDD) 2020” to improve the distribution system. We assessed the impacts of involving the private sector in selling fertilizer to farmers. We examined whether the market transaction cost proxied by farmers’ search cost (communication and travel cost), travel time to visit the stores, and the opportunity cost of time spent in purchasing fertilizer have been reduced by FDD 2020. A difference-in-difference approach refined with propensity score matching was used to estimate the fertilizer distribution efficiency using survey data from 619 households across six districts. Private sector involvement was found to reduce travel time to fertilizer retailers by about 10 min and transaction costs to purchase subsidized fertilizer by about 20 Nepalese Rupees (NPR) per season, compared to the conventional approach of sale by farmer cooperatives. Implementation of the directive has removed the bias of cooperatives selling fertilizer only to members, especially medium and large-scale farmers. The directive and private sector involvement have led to a more equitable and efficient distribution of subsidized fertilizer. However, the government should routinely monitor and regulate the fertilizer mainly targeted to the private fertilizer retailers.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42868669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Markups, organic agriculture and downstream concentration at the example of European dairy farmers 加价、有机农业和下游集中度以欧洲奶农为例

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12762

Maximilian Koppenberg

{"title":"Markups, organic agriculture and downstream concentration at the example of European dairy farmers","authors":"Maximilian Koppenberg","doi":"10.1111/agec.12762","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12762","url":null,"abstract":"A competitive environment, highly concentrated processing and retailing sectors as well as increasing decoupling of direct payments from production volumes and the area under cultivation incentivizes farmers to find alternative ways to improve their bargaining position towards downstream companies. This article explores the possibilities of organic agriculture to enhance the bargaining power of farmers along with the role of concentration in downstream industries. Using a dataset with more than 200,000 observations from approximately 40,000 dairy farms, I estimate markups of price over marginal cost in dairy farming as a measure of market power in the EU. The results show that organic farmers achieve a significant markup premium over conventional farmers. With increasing market shares of organic milk in total milk production markups of conventional farmers diminish whereas those of organic farmers are unaffected. Farm-level markups decrease with increasing market shares of medium-sized dairy processors and increase with increasing market shares of large processors. The presence of large multinational retail chains shows an adverse impact on farmers’ markups.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/agec.12762","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42219361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Intersectoral labor migration and agriculture in the United States and Japan 美国和日本的跨部门劳动力迁移与农业

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-17 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12761

A. Ford Ramsey, Tadashi Sonoda, Minkyong Ko

{"title":"Intersectoral labor migration and agriculture in the United States and Japan","authors":"A. Ford Ramsey, Tadashi Sonoda, Minkyong Ko","doi":"10.1111/agec.12761","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12761","url":null,"abstract":"In spite of important differences in their agricultural sectors, the past century has seen a significant decline in the number of people employed in agriculture in the U.S. and Japan. Economic models of intersectoral labor migration focus on expected return differentials as the primary cause of migration from one sector to another. Empirical applications typically assume that migration occurs as soon as the return differential exceeds Marshallian migration costs, but recent work has focused on embedding the migration decision in a real options framework. Structural and institutional elements can also affect the speed at which the share of agricultural labor declines. We consider the factors influencing intersectoral labor migration in the U.S. and Japan using aggregate migration equations and several definitions of agricultural labor and return differentials. We show that real options, although relevant at the household level, have limited implications for sector-level empirical models. Our estimates are inconclusive regarding the importance of the Marshallian trigger in the migration decision, with heterogeneity across the two countries and labor definitions. We argue that this heterogeneity in the wage and migration relationship is driven by differences in the structures of the agricultural sectors.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/agec.12761","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44885697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drought shocks and price adjustments in local food markets in Chile: Do product quality and marketing channel matter? 智利当地食品市场的干旱冲击和价格调整:产品质量和营销渠道重要吗?

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12760

César Salazar, Andrés Acuña-Duarte, José Maria Gil

{"title":"Drought shocks and price adjustments in local food markets in Chile: Do product quality and marketing channel matter?","authors":"César Salazar, Andrés Acuña-Duarte, José Maria Gil","doi":"10.1111/agec.12760","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12760","url":null,"abstract":"Lately, economies have been facing an increase in the frequency and magnitude of droughts, which come with potential consequences on food prices. This article aims to analyze how drought disturbances affect price differences in local food markets. Special attention is paid to differences in product quality and marketing channels. To study the mechanism behind price differences, our analysis is framed within the food market integration theory. Our methodology follows a dyadic regression approach, which allows us to exploit the panel data structure of our market price data. We use monthly Asterix potato and long shelf-life tomato market prices from traditional markets and supermarkets in Chile. To measure drought intensity, we use remote sensing data to construct a drought index. Results show that drought shocks reduce market price differentials around harvesting and commercialization periods, which is supported by the existence of market integration. We also find that prices of high-quality products, less perishable products, and those taken from traditional markets respond more intensively to droughts and take more time to be transmitted. A direct link between droughts and crop quality, as well as supermarkets’ larger capacity for buffer stock, may be behind these interpretations. Product differentiation and retail price rigidity arguments are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45184325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

But it came from a food pantry: Product stigma and quality perceptions of food pantry offerings 但它来自食品储藏室：食品储藏室产品的污名和质量观念

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-08 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12755

Anne T. Byrne, David R. Just, Christopher B. Barrett

{"title":"But it came from a food pantry: Product stigma and quality perceptions of food pantry offerings","authors":"Anne T. Byrne, David R. Just, Christopher B. Barrett","doi":"10.1111/agec.12755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12755","url":null,"abstract":"Among the millions of food insecure people in high income countries, only a modest fraction uses food pantries. Stigma is commonly cited as a barrier to use and may arise due to the perceived low product quality of pantry offerings. This study tests the hypothesis that “product stigma” is present among prospective pantry clients. In an online experimental survey of low-income respondents, we ask participants to evaluate food items under four different treatments. In a two-by-two randomized design, in one dimension they are told the food is from a grocery store or from a food pantry, and in the other dimension they are or are not provided with photos of the food items, in some cases indicating a popular brand. The study finds that respondents exhibit a negative perception of the quality of food from a pantry, but that perception is largely offset when they are shown an informative visual depiction of that food. The effect of brand information is explored in a second online experimental survey and found to be an important component of consumer perception, partly mitigating the product stigma effect of food pantry offerings, but less so than a photo does. Results suggest that food banks and food pantries may combat product stigma through marketing that uses photos, brand names, or both to depict the quality of the products they offer. Such interventions may encourage current users to visit more frequently and needy non-users to visit at all.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50124923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How convergent are rice export prices in the international market? 大米出口价格在国际市场上的趋同程度如何?

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-01-06 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12758

Harold Glenn A. Valera, Mark J. Holmes, Valerien O. Pede, Jean Balié

{"title":"How convergent are rice export prices in the international market?","authors":"Harold Glenn A. Valera, Mark J. Holmes, Valerien O. Pede, Jean Balié","doi":"10.1111/agec.12758","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12758","url":null,"abstract":"This study revisits the issue of long-term price convergence of rice export prices for India, Pakistan, Thailand, Uruguay, the United States, and Vietnam using a two-stage pairwise unit root testing approach. To deduce evidence or lack of proof of convergence in price series, we also examine convergence using sigma and beta convergence specified in both unconditional and conditional frameworks. The methodology used is driven by the need to address three key concerns: (i) the likelihood of finding stationary price differentials, (ii) the magnitude of these differentials, and (iii) their speed of adjustment. To evaluate these concerns, we use monthly data for 18 price series drawn from these six countries from September 2011 to February 2021. The evidence points to a lack of international convergence. This gives rise to the possibility that a shield from a general downward export price trend is already in place for some exporters. Furthermore, we find that the likelihood of convergence is greater between pairs of price series that are characterized as high quality or having the same country of origin or having similar market share. Evidence also suggests that a converged pairing is more likely to have a smaller price differential if both price series are for low-quality rice.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46000934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk effects of GM corn: Evidence from crop insurance outcomes and high-dimensional methods 转基因玉米的风险效应:来自作物保险结果和高维方法的证据

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12757

Serkan Aglasan, Barry K. Goodwin, Roderick M. Rejesus

引用次数: 0

The following articles for this Special Issue were published before the original collection was released. They can be found in their respective issues 本期特刊的以下文章是在原始合集发行之前发表的。它们可以在各自的问题中找到

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2022-12-21 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12756

引用次数: 0

Research performance, academic promotion, and gender disparities: Analysis of data on agricultural economists in Chinese higher education 研究绩效、学术晋升与性别差异:中国高等教育农业经济学家数据分析

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12752

Lijuan Cao, Jing Zhu, Hua Liu

{"title":"Research performance, academic promotion, and gender disparities: Analysis of data on agricultural economists in Chinese higher education","authors":"Lijuan Cao, Jing Zhu, Hua Liu","doi":"10.1111/agec.12752","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12752","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overall picture of women's representation and gender parity in the field of Agricultural Economics by constructing and analyzing a database of agricultural economists in China. We find that female scholars “occupy half the sky” in number, but not all the way up to the higher-ranking academic positions. Women lag behind men in terms of research performance and academic promotion; even more so, gender disparity becomes more prominent when moving up the ranking ladder. A closer examination of agricultural economists of different age cohorts indicates that the gender gap, both in numbers engaged in the profession and academic performance measured by Chinese paper publications and nation-level projects chaired, is narrowing. However, gaps in the number of high-quality paper publications and the time span before promotion, alongside the phenomenon of a “leaky pipeline” in academia, are growing significantly over time. The representation of “star scientists” shows similar, yet steeper trends. In the absence of detailed studies, the paper explores possible explanations of the converging gender gap in scale but increasing gender disparity that is termed a “leaky pipeline.” It concludes that the Policy of Enrollment Expansion in Higher Education provides vulnerable young females with more opportunities to access higher education, which increases both the number and proportion of women in the profession.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48733323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Price predictors in an extended hedonic regression framework: An application to wholesale cattle markets in Ethiopia 扩展享乐回归框架中的价格预测因子:埃塞俄比亚牲畜批发市场的应用

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12751

Fantu Bachewe, Derek Headey, Bart Minten

{"title":"Price predictors in an extended hedonic regression framework: An application to wholesale cattle markets in Ethiopia","authors":"Fantu Bachewe, Derek Headey, Bart Minten","doi":"10.1111/agec.12751","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12751","url":null,"abstract":"Livestock markets influence income generation for producers, but also accessibility and affordability of highly nutritious animal-sourced foods for consumers. Despite their importance, the functioning of livestock markets in lower-income countries is poorly understood and rarely studied compared to more developed countries. This study analyzes wholesale cattle markets in Ethiopia using a uniquely rich large-scale dataset covering both prices and cattle characteristics in 39 markets (in both highland and lowland areas) over a 10-year period, and hedonic regression models structured to understand both cattle price formation and seasonal and secular price dynamics. We show that cattle prices are influenced by a wide range of factors, including proxies for meat quality, religious fasting practices, climate-based seasonality but also climate shocks and availability of grazing land, competition from animal traction services, and rising consumer incomes. However, the implied effects of these factors are often significantly different in highland mixed crop-livestock areas compared to agro-pastoralist lowland areas, emphasizing the dualistic nature of cattle markets in Ethiopia. The analyses help inform the systemic challenges that Ethiopia will need to overcome to meet rising demand for beef products in the face of sustained income and population growth, as well as the adverse effects of climate change.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/agec.12751","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46799571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1