Agricultural Economics最新文献_第7页

Gender gaps in land rights: Explaining different measures and why households differ in Myanmar 土地权中的性别差距:解释不同的衡量标准和缅甸家庭差异的原因

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-07-26 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12789

Isabel Brigitte Lambrecht, Kristi Mahrt, Nang Lun Kham Synt, Hnin Ei Win, Khin Zin Win

{"title":"Gender gaps in land rights: Explaining different measures and why households differ in Myanmar","authors":"Isabel Brigitte Lambrecht, Kristi Mahrt, Nang Lun Kham Synt, Hnin Ei Win, Khin Zin Win","doi":"10.1111/agec.12789","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12789","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring and understanding gender differences in property rights is key to informing policy decisions and guiding investments aimed at fostering gender equality. However, there are a myriad ways of assessing property rights. Firstly, we assess which indicators to use and why it matters, focusing on rural Myanmar. Myanmar provides an interesting setting, as a large part of the population customarily follows joint property rights in marriage and upon dissolution of marriage and inheritance. However, documented property rights are in the household head's name – usually a male household member. We find that capturing de facto transfer rights is essential, but understanding discrepancies between reported transfer rights and documented rights will be key to policymakers. Capturing agricultural decision-making should remain a priority for agricultural projects. Second, we perform household- and intra-household level analyses to explore why we find joint land rights in some, but not all, households; and why some household members have less land rights than others. A common property rights regime positively reinforces women's land rights, but incompletely so. Within households, a person's role in the household, age, and key life cycle events such as parenthood and marriage are key determinants of having land rights.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/agec.12789","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42997564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Risk and ambiguity aversion: Incentives or disincentives for adoption of improved agricultural land management practices? 风险和模糊性规避:采用改良农业土地管理实践的激励因素或抑制因素?

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12788

Amanuel Hadera, Tewodros Tadesse

{"title":"Risk and ambiguity aversion: Incentives or disincentives for adoption of improved agricultural land management practices?","authors":"Amanuel Hadera, Tewodros Tadesse","doi":"10.1111/agec.12788","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12788","url":null,"abstract":"Farmers grapple with uncertainties related to the adoption of improved agricultural practices. Adoption decisions on these practices may vary in response to risk in which farmers may be able to predict the chances of occurrence on outcomes of their decisions, and/or ambiguity where adoption-decision outcome probabilities are unknown. Also, these uncertainties may emanate from imperfect information on production returns from adoption and adoption-related fixed costs. In this paper, we study whether risk and ambiguity aversion create incentives or disincentives for intensity and duration of adoption of improved agricultural practices. For this, we combine experimental with survey data. We find that ambiguity aversion reduces incentives for high-intensity adoption while risk aversion attenuates this disincentive. As expected, risk aversion increases incentives for longer adoption of improved agricultural practices. Experience was expected to allow farmers to learn enough about payoff probabilities from adoption and render ambiguity aversion less important. Yet, we find it reduces the duration of adoption of soil and water conservation structures, which could be explained by adoption-related high fixed costs. On the other hand, ambiguity aversion appears to matter little with adoption of agroforestry despite the associated high fixed and management costs attributed to integrated agri-silviculture and agro-silvopastoral systems. Given the complementary nature of the practices, agricultural policy should be directed at interventions that attenuate the deterrent effect of ambiguity aversion through providing information related to production returns from the adoption of improved practices that involve high fixed (management) costs.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44813188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Separability, spillovers, and segmented markets : Evidence from dairy in India 可分离性、溢出效应和细分市场:来自印度乳制品的证据

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12786

Sudha Narayanan, Digvijay S Negi, Tanu Gupta

{"title":"Separability, spillovers, and segmented markets : Evidence from dairy in India","authors":"Sudha Narayanan, Digvijay S Negi, Tanu Gupta","doi":"10.1111/agec.12786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12786","url":null,"abstract":"A long history of empirical research has focused on testing whether and when household consumption and production decisions are separable. If markets were perfect, household consumption would be independent of production. In this article, we propose that market channel choice complicates this relationship. Our analysis of household panel data from rural India, focusing on dairy, leads us to four key conclusions. First, milk consumption is correlated with production, and markets are not a complete substitute for household production. Second, a large presence of formal milk buyers in a village is associated with lower milk consumption in dairy households, overturning the positive association of participation in formal value chains with household milk consumption. Third, contrary to expectations, for households that do not own dairy animals and net buyers, the presence of formal value chains remains uncorrelated with milk consumption. Fourth, we infer, test for and find suggestive evidence of segmented milk markets, that is, different types of households participate in different markets for milk that do not seem to interact with each other. Policymakers focused on market development or production-based strategies need to factor in the possibility of market segmentation based on market channels while designing interventions.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/agec.12786","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138140476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Will climate change jeopardize the Vietnamese target of maintaining farmland for food security? A fractional multinomial logit analysis of land use choice 气候变化会危及越南维护农田以保障粮食安全的目标吗？土地利用选择的分数多项式logit分析

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12787

Trinh Nguyen Chau, Frank Scrimgeour

{"title":"Will climate change jeopardize the Vietnamese target of maintaining farmland for food security? A fractional multinomial logit analysis of land use choice","authors":"Trinh Nguyen Chau, Frank Scrimgeour","doi":"10.1111/agec.12787","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12787","url":null,"abstract":"The Vietnamese government is concerned with long-term food security due to the rising demand for food and potential climate-induced conversion of areas under food production. This article is among the first studies which examine the climate-induced uptake of crop substitution and its likely impact on the national target of maintaining food areas to sustain food security. In contrast to most crop choice analyses which obtain cross-household evidence using a Multinomial Logit model, we model within household competition across alternative uses of land using a Fractional Multinomial Logit model. Our empirical findings suggest that Vietnamese farmers have adapted to the changing climate by selecting different crops. Increases in winter and summer temperatures mean that farmers are more likely to substitute cereals for others. Farmers choose annual industrial crops in locations with warmer springs and autumns. The choice of perennial industrial crops is sensitive to spring and autumn temperatures. Precipitation has small impacts on land use choice. The projected climate changes are not likely to jeopardize the national target of maintaining 40 percent of farmland under food production. However, we expect projected climate changes to result in large shifts from cereals to annual industrial crops in the main rice bowl of Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/agec.12787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47655600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aspirations and investments in livestock: Evidence of aspiration failure in Kenya 对牲畜的渴望和投资：肯尼亚渴望失败的证据

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12785

Martin Paul Jr. Tabe-Ojong, Thomas Heckelei, Sebastian Rasch

{"title":"Aspirations and investments in livestock: Evidence of aspiration failure in Kenya","authors":"Martin Paul Jr. Tabe-Ojong, Thomas Heckelei, Sebastian Rasch","doi":"10.1111/agec.12785","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12785","url":null,"abstract":"Aspirations influence future-oriented behavior and ensuing outcomes but they may also fail to do so when the aspired-to-status is far away from the current one. Theoretical predictions suggest an inverted U-shaped relationship between this aspiration gap and the effort to achieve what is aspired to. Aspirations that are ahead but not too far ahead of the current status serve as the best incentives for investments. We examine the income aspiration gap of smallholder households and relate it to livestock in a pastoral setting in Northern Kenya. Our focus on livestock is guided by the burgeoning recognition of livestock as an investment and saving conduit for many households in pastoral communities in developing nations. Employing different empirical strategies including parametric and semi-parametric techniques, we find livestock to be increasing with aspirations up to a threshold, from which it then declines to lead to an aspiration failure. Delving into livestock heterogeneity, we uncover evidence that cattle and poultry respond more to the aspiration gap than small ruminants such as sheep and goats. Different U-shaped tests confirm this relationship, bolstering the evidence of an aspiration failure. These findings are robust to the inclusion of relevant controls, truncations at zero, and different variable transformations. We also show that the findings are unlikely to be driven by unobserved heterogeneity. Additionally, we find that internal locus of control, that is the degree to which individuals believe they control outcomes in their lives is associated with livestock investments.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/agec.12785","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42553958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Time preferences and obesity: Evidence from urban India 时间偏好与肥胖:来自印度城市的证据

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12777

Archana Dang

{"title":"Time preferences and obesity: Evidence from urban India","authors":"Archana Dang","doi":"10.1111/agec.12777","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12777","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the relationship between agents’ behavioral attributes (or time preferences) and the problem of obesity and, more generally, problems of both overnutrition and undernutrition. Through a primary survey in western Delhi data were gathered on participants’ food choices and body mass index. Time preferences, as posited by the (<math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>β</mi>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mi>δ</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>${{beta}},{{delta}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>) quasi-hyperbolic discounting model, were elicited using an incentivized, choice-based experiment. Estimating a simultaneous two-equation model, the article finds that individuals in the sample with lower β and/or lower δ (or higher time preferences) make unhealthy food choices, which, in turn, significantly increases their BMI. In addition, a supplementary empirical exercise analyzes a large, secondary unit record data set, with savings as a proxy for time preferences, to provide evidence that these behavioral attributes also explain the problem of underweight (germane in developing countries).","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46256306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender pay gaps in economics: A deeper look at institutional factors 经济学中的性别薪酬差距：对制度因素的深入研究

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12778

MinSub Kim, Joyce J. Chen, Bruce A. Weinberg

引用次数: 1

Beyond the “inverse relationship”: Area mismeasurement may affect actual productivity, not just how we understand it 超越“反向关系”：面积测量错误可能会影响实际生产力，而不仅仅是我们如何理解它

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12775

William J. Burke, Stephen N. Morgan, Thelma Namonje, Milu Muyanga, Nicole M. Mason

{"title":"Beyond the “inverse relationship”: Area mismeasurement may affect actual productivity, not just how we understand it","authors":"William J. Burke, Stephen N. Morgan, Thelma Namonje, Milu Muyanga, Nicole M. Mason","doi":"10.1111/agec.12775","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12775","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement error in agricultural field area and productivity data for developing countries is widely acknowledged, but there is a shortage of evidence on what this implies, especially for farmers. By comparing self-reported to global positioning system measurements, we investigate area measurement errors using a nationally representative dataset of Zambian smallholder maize plots. We examine the implications for researchers’ understanding of productivity, but also how actual productivity may be affected. We find land area tends to be overstated on smaller fields and understated on larger fields. Correcting measurement error strengthens evidence of an inverse relationship between field size and productivity. Input use patterns indicate farmers believe the inaccurately reported area figures, suggesting measurement errors affect input choices and thus actual productivity. Improving farmer understanding of area measurements could improve productivity. Improving the accuracy of area data will improve researchers’ understanding of productivity.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/agec.12775","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43803898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Free power, irrigation, and groundwater depletion: Impact of farm electricity policy of Punjab, India 免费电力、灌溉和地下水枯竭:印度旁遮普农业电力政策的影响

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-05-20 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12773

Disha Gupta

引用次数: 0

Weather shocks, livelihood diversification, and household food security: Empirical evidence from rural Bangladesh 天气冲击、生计多样化和家庭粮食安全：来自孟加拉国农村的经验证据

IF 4.1 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1111/agec.12776

Masanori Matsuura, Yir-Hueih Luh, Abu Hayat Md. Saiful Islam

{"title":"Weather shocks, livelihood diversification, and household food security: Empirical evidence from rural Bangladesh","authors":"Masanori Matsuura, Yir-Hueih Luh, Abu Hayat Md. Saiful Islam","doi":"10.1111/agec.12776","DOIUrl":"10.1111/agec.12776","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme weather events have occurred more frequently because of global climate change. For farmers, diversification, including crop and income diversification, is one of the most effective strategies to improve rural livelihoods by managing risk and coping with weather shocks. We investigate the empirical linkages among weather shocks, livelihood diversification, and household food security, exploiting three waves of nationally representative rural household panel data merged with granular weather data in Bangladesh. Using instrumental variable methods to control for the possible endogeneity of livelihood diversification decisions, we find that weather shocks are significant drivers of crop and income diversification. Moreover, both crop and income diversification are found to impact per capita food expenditure, while their effects on household dietary diversity are not robust. In particular, the distributional effects of income diversification are uniformly positive and significant for all quantiles of a per capita food expenditure distribution but are more sizable for the richest households. The findings, therefore, highlight the unequal effect of livelihood diversification within the context of rural South Asia, suggesting the need for diversification interventions targeting rural low-income groups with the goal of improving socioeconomic status, institutional conditions, and infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49465374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1