American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Oral Health and the Medical Costs of Dementia: A Longitudinal Study of Older Japanese.","authors":"Mizuki Saito, Yoshihiro Shimazaki, Toshiya Nonoyama, Kazushi Ohsugi","doi":"10.1177/1533317521996142","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317521996142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Oral health status may be associated with dementia, which in turn results in higher medical costs among older people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This STUDY enrolled 4,275 older individuals. Generalized linear models were constructed with the medical costs of dementia as the dependent variable, and number of teeth, Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and other factors as independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with fewer teeth or with poor periodontal condition had significantly higher medical costs ratios for dementia independent of other confounding variables. The adjusted medical costs ratios of dementia were 4.13 (95% CI [confidence interval]; 1.79-9.56) for those with ≤9 teeth compared with those with ≥20 teeth and 3.48 (95% CI; 1.71-7.08) for those with personal CPI code 4 compared with those with personal CPI code 0-2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oral health status was associated with the medical costs of dementia. Preventing tooth loss and maintaining periodontal health may contribute to controlling dementia costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10624073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25404505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Subjective Cognitive Decline Scale for Mandarin-Speaking Population.","authors":"Hsing-Fang Tsai, Chi-Hsun Wu, Chih-Cheng Hsu, Chien-Liang Liu, Yen-Hsuan Hsu","doi":"10.1177/15333175211038237","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175211038237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been considered a high-risk group preceding mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, methods to quantify and track the complaints have not been well-established. The present study aimed to develop a questionnaire tailored for Mandarin-speaking individuals with SCD. A total of 175 adults aged above 55 years completed a comprehensive set of items evaluating cognitive problems and neuropsychological examinations. After item reduction, internal consistency, construct, and concurrent validity were examined. The 14-item Subjective Cognitive Decline Scale (SCDS) has acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's <i>α</i> = .93) and construct validity with a three-factor structure. Individuals with SCD and MCI scored higher than the control group. The SCDS demonstrated significant but small correlations with multiple cognitive tests and emotional variables. The SCDS provides an alternative approach to measure cognitive complaints, while an influence of emotional status shall be taken into consideration when interpreting the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39390671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease During SARS-COV-2 Pandemic in Peru.","authors":"Nilton Custodio, Sheila Castro-Suárez, Rosa Montesinos, Virgilio E Failoc-Rojas, Rossana Cruz Del Castillo, Eder Herrera-Perez","doi":"10.1177/15333175211039089","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175211039089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their association with cognition and functionality during lockdown of the COVID-19's first wave. We included 91 patients and caregivers of people with AD from a memory clinic. The RUDAS, M@T, and CDR were administered to patients and NPI/ADCS-ADL to caregivers. Baseline and lockdown measurements scales were analyzed to compare the frequencies at baseline versus lockdown and conditional Odds Ratio (ORc) was calculated for the neuropsychiatric symptoms. During the pandemic, significant increase in the number of cases was observed in depression (23%), agitation (36.8%), aberrant motor activity (12%), sleep disorders (26.3%), and appetite change (12.1%). In worsening of pre-existing symptoms, the most frequent were delusions (75%), followed by sleep disorders (71.7%). Lockdown induces a rapid increase of neuropsychiatric symptoms affecting cognitive symptoms and functionality of Peruvian patients with AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39329982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Cilostazol and Inflammation in Cognitive Impairment After Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Ling-Chun Huang, Sun-Wung Hsieh, Chia-Chan Tsai, Chun-Hung Chen, Yuan-Han Yang","doi":"10.1177/15333175211016185","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175211016185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study is to examine the potential effect of cilostazol and inflammation on cognitive impairment after stroke in an Asian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-five patients with cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke using cilostazol were enrolled as the study group and 45 patients using aspirin or clopidogrel were enrolled as the control group. Neuropsychiatric assessments were administered at the start of the study and after 6 months. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between the cognitive change and cilostazol use. Macrophage polarization were assessed using flow cytometry in 7 patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were a significantly higher number of patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease in the cilostazol group. No significant differences were observed in the cognitive change between the cilostazol and control groups. M1 macrophage subset increment were observed in the patient having a declined cognitive change.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cilostazol did not make a significant difference in cognitive change after ischemic stroke. M1 macrophage subset increment may indicate post stroke cognitive decline. Due to limited number of subjects, these findings should be examined further in large-scale randomized clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10624089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38915226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on Dementia Caregivers and Factors Associated With their Anxiety Symptoms.","authors":"Yeji Hwang, LaShauna M Connell, Anjali R Rajpara, Nancy A Hodgson","doi":"10.1177/15333175211008768","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175211008768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about the family experience of caregiving for persons living with dementia (PLWD) at home during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of COVID-19 on concerns of current family caregivers of PLWD. Study participants were recruited from the parent study, Healthy Patterns Clinical Trial (NCT03682185). Data was collected from 34 caregivers via semi-structured telephone interviews. Over 70% of the study participants reported worrying about spreading COVID-19 to the PLWD, 41% reported they had taken on additional caregiving duties for others in their family since COVID-19, and 62% reported one or more anxiety symptoms. Dementia caregivers who reported anxiety symptoms reported lower scores on functional independence of their care recipients compared to dementia caregivers who did not report anxiety symptoms (<i>p=0.036</i>). Health care professionals should be alert to the concerns expressed by dementia caregivers for their well-being during this unprecedented pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8573819/pdf/nihms-1749649.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25588466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Dementia: A Hypothesis Generated but Not Adequately Tested.","authors":"Mishah Azhar, Lawrence Fiedler, Patricio S Espinosa, Charles H Hennekens","doi":"10.1177/15333175211062413","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175211062413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We reviewed the evidence on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and dementia. PPIs are among the most widely utilized drugs in the world. Dementia affects roughly 5% of the population of the United States (US) and world aged 60 years and older. With respect to PPIs and dementia, basic research has suggested plausible mechanisms but descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies are not inconsistent. In addition, a single large-scale randomized trial showed no association. When the evidence is incomplete, it is appropriate for clinicians and researchers to remain uncertain. Regulatory or public health authorities sometimes need to make real-world decisions based on real-world data. When the evidence is complete, then the most rational judgments for individual patients the health of the general public are possible At present, the evidence on PPIs and dementia suggests more reassurance than alarm. Further large-scale randomized evidence is necessary to do so.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39608540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Neu1 in Alzheimer's Disease Via the Immune System.","authors":"Aiza Khan, Sumit Das, Consolato Sergi","doi":"10.1177/1533317521996147","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317521996147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is pathologically characterized by the accumulation of soluble oligomers causing extracellular beta-amyloid deposits in form of neuritic plaques and tau-containing intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles in brain. One proposed mechanism explaining the formation of these proteins is impaired phagocytosis by microglia/macrophages resulting in defective clearance of soluble oligomers of beta-amyloid stimulating aggregation of amyloid plaques subsequently causing AD. However, research indicates that activating macrophages in M2 state may reduce toxic oligomers. NEU1 mutation is associated with a rare disease, sialidosis. NEU1 deficiency may also cause AD-like amyloidogenic process. Amyloid plaques have successfully been reduced using NEU1.Thus, NEU1 is suggested to have therapeutic potential for AD, with lysosomal exocytosis being suggested as underlying mechanism. Studies however demonstrate that NEU1 may activate macrophages in M2 state, which as noted earlier, is crucial to reducing toxic oligomers. In this review, authors discuss the potential therapeutic role of NEU1 in AD via immune system.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10624071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25478896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MiR-130a-3p Has Protective Effects in Alzheimer's Disease via Targeting DAPK1.","authors":"Yanbo Wang, Min Shi, Zhenmei Hong, Junling Kang, Haiyan Pan, Ci Yan","doi":"10.1177/15333175211020572","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175211020572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study investigated the role and potential mechanisms of miR-130a-3p in AD. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with Aβ 1-42 to construct AD cell models. APP/PS1 mice were used for the animal experiments.  MiR-130a-3p was downregulated in Aβ-induced SH-SY5Y cells. Overexpression of miR-130a-3p attenuates Aβ induced SH-SY5Y cell apoptosis. Low miR-130a-3p expression was detected in the hippocampus tissues of AD mice. The Morris water maze (MWM) results indicated that miR-130a-3p upregulation reduced the escape latency time and increased the time of AD mice spent in the target quadrant. DAPK1 was the target gene of miR-130a-3p. High DAPK1 mRNA level was detected in Aβ treated PC 12 cells and in the hippocampus tissues of AD mice. It was concluded that overexpression of miR-130a-3p may attenuate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and improve the cognitive function of AD mice via targeting DAPK1.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39232858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Validation of the Triana Test: A New Story Recall Test Based on Emotional Material.","authors":"Andrea Luque-Tirado, Silvia Rodrigo-Herrero, María Bernal Sánchez-Arjona, Emilio Franco-Macías","doi":"10.1177/15333175211025911","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15333175211025911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To first validate the diagnostic accuracy of the \"Triana Test,\" a new story recall test based on emotional material.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A phase I study of validation. We included 55 patients with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and 69 healthy controls, diagnosed according to the \"Memory Associative Test of the district of Seine-Saint-Denis\" (TMA-93), and matched by age, gender, and educational level. The Triana Test's diagnostic accuracy was calculated by ROC curve analysis and Spearman correlations estimated its convergent validity with a hippocampal memory test, the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test with Immediate Recall (FCSRT+IR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The \"Triana Test\" immediate and delayed recalls showed adequate diagnostic accuracy (AUC ≥ 0,74). The delayed free recall showed the highest diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.86). Correlations with the FCSRT+IR were moderate to strong.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The \"Triana Test\" demonstrated accuracy for discriminating amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment patients from healthy controls and convergent validity with the FCSRT+IR.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39251348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Severity of Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Che-Wei Chang, Yung-Shun Juan, Yuan-Han Yang, Hsiang-Ying Lee","doi":"10.1177/1533317521992657","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1533317521992657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urinary incontinence (UI) is more prevalent in elderly populations with dementia than those without dementia. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Urge UI, the most common type of UI in AD patients, causes more morbidity and mortality. However, it is inconvenient to obtain the report of urodynamic study from AD patient to diagnose urinary incontinence. Nevertheless, it is easier to obtain subjective or objective questionnaires from the patients or the caregivers. The data collected from the questionnaires are used to evaluate if severity of dementia is associated with urge UI and other lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTs).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 43 AD patients were enrolled in this study, all of whom were checked post-void residual (PVR) urine amount by sonography after voiding. The severity of dementia was evaluated by questionnaire including Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), and Clinical Dementia Rating Sub-of-Box (CDR-SB). The LUTs were assessed with International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) and Overactive bladder symptom scores (OABSS) questionnaire. Independent t test and Pearson's correlation analysis were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age in both AD with/without urge UI patients is 78 years old. The scores of CDR-SB, OABSS and ICIQ are significantly different in these 2 groups (p = 0.023, p = 0.003, p = 0.001; respectively). However, the neurophysiological scores of CASI, MMSE, CDR, CDR-SB is not correlated with OABSS (r = 0.047, p = 0.382; r = 0.074, p = 0.317; r = 0.087, p = 0.288; r = 0.112, p = 0.237; respectively). Interestingly, if we separate each individual symptom of OAB, there is a significant correlation between CDR-SB and urge UI score (r = 0.314, p = 0.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher lower urinary tract symptom scores are noted in AD patients with urge UI. The CDR-SB score is highly correlated with urge UI in AD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50816,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25407334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}