American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials最新文献

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Efficacy and Safety of BRCA-targeted Therapy (Polyadenosine Diphosphate-ribose Polymerase Inhibitors) in Treatment of BRCA-mutated Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 治疗 BRCA 基因突变乳腺癌的 BRCA 靶向疗法(多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶抑制剂)的有效性和安全性:系统回顾与元分析》。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000001120
Zaheer Qureshi, Abdur Jamil, Faryal Altaf, Rimsha Siddique, Adnan Safi
{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of BRCA-targeted Therapy (Polyadenosine Diphosphate-ribose Polymerase Inhibitors) in Treatment of BRCA-mutated Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Zaheer Qureshi, Abdur Jamil, Faryal Altaf, Rimsha Siddique, Adnan Safi","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001120","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the second leading cause of women's cancer deaths after lung cancer. Risk factors such as environment, lifestyle, and genetics contribute to its development, including mutation in the breast cancer (BRCA) gene. Polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) target these mutations, benefiting patients with advanced cancers. This review summarizes PARPi' safety and efficacy in the treatment of BRCA-mutated breast cancer. PubMed, The Cochrane Library for Clinical Trials, and Science Direct, were searched for articles from inception to April 2024. Eligible articles were analyzed, and data were extracted for meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 software with a random-effect model. Out of 430 articles identified from online databases, only 6 randomized control trials including 3610 patients were included in the analysis. PARPi therapy improved progression-free survival (hazard ratio: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.73; P < 0.00001) and overall survival (hazard ratio: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.98 P = 0.02), according to the analysis. In our safety analysis, the risk of adverse events was not statistically different between PARPi versus chemotherapy (relative risk [RR]: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.44, 2.68; P = 0.86), and combined PARPi and standard chemotherapy (RR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.07; P = 0.80). The only statistically significant difference was observed in anemia, where PARPi increased the risk of developing anemia compared with standard chemotherapy (RR: 6.17; 95% CI: 2.44, 15.58; P = 0.0001). In BRCA-mutated breast cancer, PARPi treatment shows better overall survival and progression-free survival compared with standard chemotherapy or placebo. Furthermore, PARPi, either alone or in combination therapy, does not increase the risk of adverse events in these patients, as per the meta-analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"555-562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disparities in Receipt of Adjuvant Immunotherapy among Stage III Melanoma Patients. III 期黑色素瘤患者接受辅助免疫疗法的差异。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000001117
Kathleen M Mulligan, Hanna Kakish, Omkar Pawar, Fasih Ali Ahmed, Mohamedraed Elshami, Luke D Rothermel, Jeremy S Bordeaux, Iris Y Sheng, Ankit Mangla, Richard S Hoehn
{"title":"Disparities in Receipt of Adjuvant Immunotherapy among Stage III Melanoma Patients.","authors":"Kathleen M Mulligan, Hanna Kakish, Omkar Pawar, Fasih Ali Ahmed, Mohamedraed Elshami, Luke D Rothermel, Jeremy S Bordeaux, Iris Y Sheng, Ankit Mangla, Richard S Hoehn","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001117","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Melanoma survival has greatly improved with the advent of immunotherapy, but unequal access to these medications may exist due to nonmedical patient factors such as insurance status, educational background, and geographic proximity to treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the National Cancer Database to assess patients with nonmetastatic cutaneous melanoma who underwent surgical resection and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with tumor involvement from 2015 to 2020. We evaluated rates of adjuvant immunotherapy among this patient population based on patient, tumor, and facility variables, including insurance status, socioeconomic status, pathologic stage (IIIA-IIID), and treatment facility type and volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjuvant immunotherapy was associated with improved survival for stage III melanoma, with a slight increase in 5-year OS for stage IIIA (87.9% vs. 85.9%, P=0.044) and a higher increase in stages IIIB-D disease (70.3% vs. 59.6%, P<0.001). Receipt of adjuvant immunotherapy was less likely for patients who were older, low socioeconomic status, or uninsured. Low-volume and community cancer centers had higher rates of adjuvant immunotherapy overall for all stage III patients, whereas high-volume and academic centers used adjuvant immunotherapy much less often for stage IIIA patients compared with those in stages IIIB-D.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate inconsistent use of adjuvant immunotherapy among patients with stage III melanoma despite a significant association with improved survival. Notably, there was a lower use of adjuvant immunotherapy in patients of lower SES and those treated at high-volume centers. Equity in access to novel standards of care represents an opportunity to improve outcomes for patients with melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"509-516"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141472227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety and Efficacy of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan for Metastatic HER2+ and HER2-low Breast Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials. 曲妥珠单抗德鲁司坦治疗转移性HER2+和HER2-low乳腺癌的安全性和有效性:临床试验的最新系统回顾和元分析》。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000001126
Zaheer Qureshi, Faryal Altaf, Abdur Jamil, Rimsha Siddique, Eeshal Fatima
{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan for Metastatic HER2+ and HER2-low Breast Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.","authors":"Zaheer Qureshi, Faryal Altaf, Abdur Jamil, Rimsha Siddique, Eeshal Fatima","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001126","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is a novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) promising in treating metastatic HER2+ and HER2-low breast cancer. This updated systematic review and meta-analysis, integrating data from the latest clinical trials, aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of T-DXd in this patient population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to January 2024, focusing on clinical trials that assessed T-DXd's efficacy and safety. Eligibility criteria were based on the PICOS framework, and selected studies underwent rigorous quality assessment and data extraction. The primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and the incidence of adverse events. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies involving 2,201 patients met the inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis revealed that T-DXd significantly improved PFS (OR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.27-0.52), indicating a robust efficacy in slowing disease progression. However, treatment was associated with an increased risk of anemia (OR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.36-3.25), fatigue (OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.21-2.02), nausea (OR=6.42, 95% CI: 4.37-9.42), vomiting (OR=6.21, 95% CI: 3.14-12.25), constipation (OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.53-3.34), and notably, drug-related interstitial lung disease (OR=10.89, 95% CI: 3.81-31.12). The efficacy outcomes demonstrated significant heterogeneity, which was addressed through sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>T-DXd shows significant efficacy in treating metastatic HER2+ and HER2-low breast cancer, offering a valuable therapeutic option for patients with advanced disease. However, the treatment is associated with notable adverse events, including a heightened risk of ILD. These findings underscore the need for careful patient selection, monitoring, and management strategies to mitigate risks. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment protocols and exploring methods to enhance safety profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"535-541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141477926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case Study on Analysing the Early Disease Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in Korean Association for Clinical Oncology. 韩国临床肿瘤学协会胰腺导管腺癌早期疾病检测分析案例研究。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000001118
Sijithra Ponnarassery Chandran, N Santhi
{"title":"Case Study on Analysing the Early Disease Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in Korean Association for Clinical Oncology.","authors":"Sijithra Ponnarassery Chandran, N Santhi","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001118","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most pervasive sort of pancreatic malignant growth. Due to the lack of early symptoms and effective methods for early detection and screening, the majority of patients (80% to 85%) are diagnosed with advanced metastatic or locally advanced disease, resulting in a low 5-year survival rate of 12%. The case study represents a comprehensive investigation into the intricate landscape of pancreatic cancer diagnosis within the Korean population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Grounded in epidemiological bits of knowledge, the review plans to disentangle the particular examples, commonness, and segment attributes of PDAC in Korea. By scrutinizing current diagnostic modalities, including conventional imaging techniques, molecular markers, and emerging technologies, the research seeks to evaluate the strengths and limitations of existing approaches within the Korean clinical context. Central to the study is an exploration of the collaborative initiatives spearheaded by the Association of Clinical Oncology in Korea in the domain of PDAC early detection. Analysing research projects, clinical trials, and interdisciplinary collaborations, the case study sheds light on the association's pivotal role in driving innovation and progress in oncology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The goal is to offer a detailed analysis of how the association helps in furthering knowledge and enhancing results in the management of PDAC. The case study delves into the implications of early PDAC detection for patient outcomes, emphasizing the significance of timely interventions and tailored treatment strategies. By outlining the potential benefits and challenges associated with early diagnosis, the study aims to inform health care policies, shape clinical guidelines, and guide future research priorities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through a holistic approach, the case study endeavours to offer important experiences into the multifaceted landscape of PDAC early detection within the Korean health care system, contributing to the broader discourse on effective oncological practices and patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"475-484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proceedings of the American Radium Society ® 106th Annual Meeting. 美国镭学会第 106 届年会论文集。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000001139
{"title":"Proceedings of the American Radium Society ® 106th Annual Meeting.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001139","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"S1-S51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Performance Status and End-of-Life Outcomes in Patients With Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Treated With Androgen Receptor Targeted Therapy. 采用雄激素受体靶向疗法治疗的转移性钙化耐药前列腺癌患者的表现状态和临终结局
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000001115
George Mellgard, Nathaniel Saffran, Zakaria Chakrani, Stephen McCroskery, Nicole Taylor, Mann Patel, Bobby Liaw, Matthew Galsky, William Oh, Che-Kai Tsao, Vaibhav Patel
{"title":"Performance Status and End-of-Life Outcomes in Patients With Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Treated With Androgen Receptor Targeted Therapy.","authors":"George Mellgard, Nathaniel Saffran, Zakaria Chakrani, Stephen McCroskery, Nicole Taylor, Mann Patel, Bobby Liaw, Matthew Galsky, William Oh, Che-Kai Tsao, Vaibhav Patel","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001115","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Androgen receptor targeted therapies (ARTs) are widely preferred over taxane chemotherapy due to their good tolerability and similar efficacy. However, there is a paucity of data that support the use of ART therapy or describe end-of-life (EOL) outcomes in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with reduced performance status (PS) (European Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] ≥2).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective, single-institution study of 142 patients with mCRPC who received ART therapy between 2010 and 2021. We assessed each record for baseline demographic and clinical information, ART treatment course, and survival and EOL outcomes. Our primary aim was to compare overall survival (OS) between the two groups (ECOG ≥2 vs 0 to 1), and our secondary aim was to describe EOL outcomes. Fisher exact tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to compare baseline characteristics. Cox regression was used to compare OS for patients with ECOG ≥2 at the start of treatment with those who had an ECOG of 0 or 1. Descriptive analyses were performed to assess EOL outcomes between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with mCRPC and decreased PS experienced shorter OS on ART compared with those with higher PS. Moreover, when examining EOL outcomes, a near majority of these patients died in the hospital, with a greater percentage among those with an ECOG ≥2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the need for continual assessment of PS, improved shared decision-making in ART treatment, and additional research exploring the association between PS and EOL outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"459-464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wilms' Tumor 1-Associating Protein Promotes Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer Through the Expression of Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5. Wilms' Tumor 1-Associating Protein 通过表达癌胚抗原相关细胞粘附分子 5 促进非小细胞肺癌的发生
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000001116
Changjiang Liu, Feng Gao, Jie Yang, Chengang Liu, Ziqiang Tian
{"title":"Wilms' Tumor 1-Associating Protein Promotes Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer Through the Expression of Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5.","authors":"Changjiang Liu, Feng Gao, Jie Yang, Chengang Liu, Ziqiang Tian","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001116","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the functional roles and molecular mechanism of Wilms' tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP) in the tumorigenesis of nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis was used. Tumor tissues and surrounding nontumor tissues of 150 patients with NSCLS who were surgically resected in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected. The expression of WTAP in NSCLC tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathologic parameters were then subjected to univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis in purpose of uncovering the independent risk factors for overall survival time. MTS (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-zyl]-5-[3-carboxymethoxyphenyl]-2-[4-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazoliuzolium, inner salt) assay, colony formation assay, and transwell assays were performed to estimate cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Meanwhile, the relationship between WTAP and the cell migration and invasion marker-related proteins were evaluated by Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. WTAP expression was knocked-down in cell lines by shRNA, and RNA-Seq was performed to investigate the pathways regulated by WTAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In NSCLC patients, WTAP was highly expressed in tumor tissues and the higher expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) ( P <0.01). Compared with the control group in vitro, the overexpression of WTAP could significantly promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ( P <0.01), while knock-down WTAP significantly reduces the above effects ( P <0.01). In a mouse orthotopic implantation model, higher WTAP abundance could significantly promote tumor enlargement compared with the control group ( P <0.01). Compared with the control group, the knock-down of WTAP significantly inhibit the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) in cell lines ( P <0.01). Besides, in NSCLC, knocked-down CEACAM5 significantly reduced the impact of WTAP on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion compared with the control group ( P <0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that high expression of WTAP was associated with poor clinical outcomes. CEACAM5 may play a synergistic role with WTAP to jointly promote NSCLC progression by enhancing cell proliferation, invasion, and migration.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"465-474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modifiable Lifestyle Risk Factors in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Nationally Representative Study. 儿童癌症成年幸存者中可改变的生活方式风险因素:一项具有全国代表性的研究。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000001123
Minh D Ton, Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan, Danish Iltaf Satti, Erin C Peckham-Gregory, Brandon A Mahal, Derek Isrow, Edward Christopher Dee, Nishwant S Swami
{"title":"Modifiable Lifestyle Risk Factors in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Nationally Representative Study.","authors":"Minh D Ton, Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan, Danish Iltaf Satti, Erin C Peckham-Gregory, Brandon A Mahal, Derek Isrow, Edward Christopher Dee, Nishwant S Swami","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001123","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Given the vulnerable health condition of adult childhood cancer survivors, it is essential that they develop positive health behaviors to minimize controllable health risks. Therefore, we evaluated if adult survivors of non-childhood cancer and childhood cancer differ in the odds of each modifiable risk factor compared with each other and compared with the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This nationally representative study leveraged the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) sample from 2000 to 2018 and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) sample from 2016 to 2021. Our study population included adults diagnosed with cancer when they were ≤14 years of age. Outcomes included physical activity, body mass index (BMI), current smoking, ever-smoking, alcohol use, and binge drinking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Insufficient physical activity was not statistically significant in the BRFSS, but in the NHIS, childhood cancer survivors had significantly more insufficient physical activity compared with non-childhood cancer survivors (aOR 1.29, P =0.038) and the general population (aOR 1.40, P =0.006). Childhood cancer survivors also had a higher likelihood of being significantly underweight (aOR 1.84, P =0.018) and having ever-smoked (aOR 1.42, P =0.001) compared with the general population in the NHIS. There was a significantly higher likelihood of smoking among childhood cancer survivors in the BRFSS (aOR 2.02, P =0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The likelihoods of many risky behaviors between adult childhood cancer survivors and general population controls were comparable, although rates of physical activity may be decreased, and rates of smoking may be increased among childhood cancer survivors. Targeted interventions are needed to promote healthy behaviors in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"485-495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rituximab as a Therapeutic Strategy in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Efficacy, Outcomes, and Survival-Insights From a Systematic Review. 利妥昔单抗作为嗜血细胞淋巴组织细胞增多症的治疗策略:疗效、结果和生存期--系统性综述的启示。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000001119
Zaheer Qureshi, Faryal Altaf, Abdur Jamil, Rimsha Siddique
{"title":"Rituximab as a Therapeutic Strategy in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Efficacy, Outcomes, and Survival-Insights From a Systematic Review.","authors":"Zaheer Qureshi, Faryal Altaf, Abdur Jamil, Rimsha Siddique","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001119","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe immunologic disorder that can be fatal if left untreated. The condition is characterized by excessive immune system activation and is often triggered by infections such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has been suggested as a treatment, particularly for EBV-associated HLH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines, with a literature search spanning PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria focused on studies that assessed rituximab's efficacy in treating HLH. Quality assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 783 identified records, 24 studies were included in the final analysis. Rituximab was typically administered at 375 mg/m 2 , with varying doses and treatment frequency. Clinical response, often seen within 1 month, was assessed by improvements in clinical symptoms and laboratory findings. Survival rates posttreatment displayed a wide range, with instances of complete remission and disease-free periods, as well as reports of relapse and mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rituximab demonstrates the potential for significant clinical benefit in treating HLH, particularly when associated with EBV, showing promise in reducing disease activity and contributing to remission. These findings encourage further research and clinical trials to refine the therapeutic protocols and better understand the long-term effects of rituximab in HLH management.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"498-508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accuracy of Medical Oncology Prognosis for Metastatic Cancer Patients Evaluated for Enrollment Onto an Ongoing Randomized Clinical Trial. 对转移性癌症患者进行肿瘤内科预后评估以加入正在进行的随机临床试验的准确性。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000001122
Shearwood McClelland
{"title":"Accuracy of Medical Oncology Prognosis for Metastatic Cancer Patients Evaluated for Enrollment Onto an Ongoing Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Shearwood McClelland","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001122","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>For patients with metastatic cancer, a key aspect of interdisciplinary care has involved the overall prognosis provided by Medical Oncology. This study represents prospective evaluation of Medical Oncology prognosis accuracy for patients considered for enrollment onto an ongoing randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Spine Patient Optimal Radiosurgery Treatment for Symptomatic Metastatic Neoplasms (SPORTSMEN) phase 2 randomized clinical trial examines optimal radiation therapy treatment of symptomatic spinal metastases with a primary end point of pain freedom at 3 months post-treatment. A key eligibility criterion for trial enrollment is overall prognosis exceeding 3 months, typically provided by Medical Oncology. During the first year of trial enrollment, Medical Oncology prognosis for patients considered for SPORTSMEN inclusion was prospectively assessed for accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven patients with documented Medical Oncology prognosis were considered for SPORTSMEN enrollment. The prognosis administered by Medical Oncology exceeded 3 months in 26 patients, and <3 months in 1 patient. The overall accuracy of Medical Oncology prognosis was correct for 15 of 27 patients (56%), significantly worse for inpatients than outpatients ( P =0.0381).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with metastatic spine disease, the estimated prognosis provided by Medical Oncology is often optimistic, as nearly half of patients assigned a prognosis of >3 months failed to reach this threshold before experiencing death or hospice. These findings indicate that a more heuristic approach to assessing patient prognosis may be necessary to avoid unwarranted prognostic optimism, particularly for inpatients. Such an approach could potentially provide a more compassionate and cost-effective management of these patients' remaining lifespan thereby optimizing quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"496-497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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