American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials最新文献

{"title":"Long-Lasting Cigarette Smoking Alterations in Immune Function Occur in Cannabis Smokers, Possibly Rendering Them Vulnerable to Smoking-Related Tumors in Later Life.","authors":"Steven Lehrer, Peter Rheinstein","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000001203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Active cigarette smoking leads to increased CXCL5 production. CXCL5 mediates the immune response by attracting immune cells to areas of inflammation. Elevated CXCL5 levels are associated with various inflammatory diseases and tumorigenesis. In addition, smoking is linked to an increase in the level of the cytokine CEACAM6 in the bloodstream of smokers. CEACAM6 is increased in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, and other cancers and promotes tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Although cytokine secretion in the innate immune response returns to nonsmoker levels after quitting smoking, the effects on the adaptive response appear to persist for years or decades due to epigenetic memory. As a result, epigenetic changes induced by smoking may contribute to long-lasting alterations in immune function, including elevated CXCL5 and CEACAM6. The effects of cannabis smoking might be similar.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the current study we used UK Biobank (UKB) data to assess the relationship of CXCL5, CEACAM6, and pulmonary function to cigarette and cannabis smoking. Our UK Biobank application was approved as UKB project 57245 (S.L. and P.H.R.). Our analysis included all subjects with smoking and/or marijuana use data in the UK Biobank database. Circulating levels of CXCL5 and CEACAM6 were from UKB Olink data. Individual CXCL5 and CEACAM6 levels are NPX, Normalized Protein expression, Olink arbitrary unit in Log2 scale (Olink Proteomics AB, Uppsala, Sweden; http://www.olink.com).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Current smokers and past smokers had elevated circulating levels of CXCL5 and CECAM6. In multivariate analysis, current, past, or no smoking history was significantly related to CXCL5 level and CECAM6 levels, independent of the effects of age, sex. Frequency of cannabis use had a similar effect. In multivariate analysis, frequency of cannabis use was significantly related to CXCL5 level and CECAM6 levels, independent of the effects of age, sex, and years between last cannabis use and enrollment in study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We can confirm a previous report of epigenetic changes induced by cigarette smoking that may contribute to long-lasting alterations in immune function related to CXCL5 and CEACAM6. In addition, we have found that these same long-lasting smoking alterations in immune function related to CXCL5 and CEACAM6 occur in cannabis smokers, possibly rendering them vulnerable to smoking-related tumors in later life.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Breast and Adjuvant Radiation Therapy: A Review of Literature.","authors":"Imed Taleb, Sarah Witmeyer, Hélène Charitansky, Sophie Auriol, Camille Chakiba, Nathalie Quenel Tueux, Adeline Petit, Benoite Méry, Wafa Bouleftour, Nicolas Magné","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000001194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the breast is a rare special histologic type of breast cancer. This tumor is classified as low-grade and has a favorable prognosis, with rare occurrence of metastasis and distinctive characteristics. Due to the uncommon nature of this tumor, there are no specific recommendations regarding the therapeutic management of this malignancy. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of breast ACC clinical characteristics with a special focus on radiotherapy management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review was conducted up to January 2024 through a PubMed search using different combinations of pertinent keywords (eg, Adenoid cystic carcinoma alone, Adenoid cystic carcinoma AND breast Cancer AND radiotherapy; Adenoid cystic carcinoma AND breast cancer AND radiation therapy).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review highlighted the lack of prospective and randomized data guiding treatment algorithms for ACC. Four retrospective studies explored the impact of postoperative radiation and concluded that postoperative radiation contributes to improved survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thus, a consideration for radiotherapy indications in ACC of the breast could be further elucidated through prospective randomized studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors and Patterns of Recurrence in Vulvar Cancer.","authors":"Francesca De Maria, Francesco Raspagliesi, Vito Chiantera, Umberto Leone Roberti Maggiore, Simone Bruni, Camilla Valsecchi, Ilaria Cuccu, Valentina Chiappa, Fabio Ghezzi, Giovanni Scambia, Jvan Casarin, Giorgio Bogani","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000001200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify prognostic factors predicting recurrence in vulvar cancer patients undergoing surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated data from consecutive patients with vulvar cancer treated between 2002 and 2024 in 2 Italian centers. Basic descriptive statistics and multivariable analysis were used to create predictive models for patient outcomes. Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 283 patients diagnosed with vulvar cancer (239 with squamous cell carcinoma). The most frequent stages were stage I (50.9%) and stage III (30.4%). After a median follow-up of 27 months, 91 (32.2%) recurrences were observed, of which 20% were local, 6% were regional, and 6% were distant. The five-year DFS and OS were 46% and 60%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified the presence of positive lymph nodes (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-12.08), age (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1-1.04), FIGO stage II (HR: 3.12, 95% CI: 1.24-7.87), and FIGO stage IV (HR: 3.85, 95% CI: 1.19-12.43) as factors associated with worse DFS. Positive nodes (HR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.2-5.8) and tumor diameter >4 cm (HR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.05-3.42) were associated with OS. FIGO stage >I was predictive of regional and distant recurrences, but no factor was found to correlate with local recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FIGO stage >I was predictive of regional and distant recurrences, while no factors influencing local recurrence were identified. Positive nodes, age, and FIGO stage >I correlated with DFS, whereas tumor diameter >4 cm and positive nodes influenced OS.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standard Versus Extended Pelvic Lymphadenectomy in Patients With Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Hunaina Aman, Muhammad Hamza, Asad Ramzan, Mariam Saqib, Zain Ul Abideen, Abdul Haseeb, Hira Habib, Aiza Bint-E-Shafqat, Abdul Azeez Umar Azad, Hira Waris, Mushood Ahmed, Muhammad Ayyan, Nouman Aziz","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000001206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>For decades, pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) has been a critical component of radical cystectomy in patients with bladder cancer. Although its role in curative surgery for high-risk non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive cases is well-established, the therapeutic advantages of extended PLND remain a topic of ongoing debate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search of major bibliographic databases was performed from inception to November 2024. Studies comparing extended PLND (extended or super extended) with standard PLND were identified. Data for clinical outcomes was extracted and pooled estimates were calculated using a random effects model with RevMan 5.4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 11 studies (2 RCTs and 9 observational) were included reporting data for 4001 patients. The pooled analysis demonstrated that extended PLND was associated with significantly better recurrence-free survival (HR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.60-0.74). Standard PLND led to significantly higher 5-year recurrence rates (RR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.28-1.62) compared with the extended approach. The pooled estimates for disease-specific survival (HR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.62-1.19), overall survival (HR=0.99, 95% CI: 0.86-1.16), and complications remained comparable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Extended PLND can lead to favorable recurrence-free survival and 5-year recurrence rates. However, retrospective observational studies mainly drive the evidence, and additional RCTs are required to reach a definitive conclusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Race and Ethnicity on Location and Delivery of Palliative Radiotherapy.","authors":"Anthony K Heng, Ted Gooley, Simon S Lo, Jonathan T Yang, Erin F Gillespie, Lia M Halasz, Yolanda D Tseng","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000001202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Among patients that underwent palliative RT (pRT) at a single institution, we evaluated whether differences exist across race and ethnicity in location of pRT consultation and delivery of pRT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included cancer patients aged 18 years or older who received pRT between 10/2021 and 10/2022. Logistic regression models were used to examine univariable (UVA) and multivariable (MVA) associations between race and pRT consult in the inpatient (vs. outpatient) setting. A subset analysis of quality metrics for pRT delivery was limited to patients who had outpatient consults for pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four hundred forty patients underwent 548 pRT consults (104 inpatient and 444 outpatient) followed by a course of pRT. Most patients were male (58.2%), White non-Hispanic (WNH) (72.6%), and English-speaking (92.9%). On MVA adjusting for histology, language, and insurance type, consults for Black/African American (BAA) patients had 2.92 higher odds of being performed in the inpatient setting compared with consults for WNH patients (95% CI: 1.28-6.70, P=0.011), although the global P-value was P=0.217. Among 290 outpatient consults for painful lesions, no differences in time to pRT start (global P=0.84), number of prescribed fractions of RT (global P=0.94), or new prescriptions for opioids (global P=0.69) were noted by race and ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, BAA race was associated with the location of pRT consultation, but no discernible differences were noted regarding the outpatient delivery of pRT for pain. These findings support the importance of inpatient pRT programs to ensure equitable access. More research is needed to understand barriers to outpatient consult.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practice Patterns of Surveillance in Sentinel Lymph Node-Positive Malignant Melanoma​​​: An International Survey.","authors":"Paul Wong, Michael O'Leary, Kelly Mahuron, Hans F Schoellhammer, Moshe Faynsod, Benjamin Paz, Laleh G Melstrom","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000001196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To understand surveillance practice patterns in melanoma patients with a positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey was designed, tested for item relevance, readability, and content validity, and subsequently distributed to melanoma surgeons through institutional emails and international societies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Majority of the 59 respondents were <10 years from training (59.3%), in academia (74.1%), or dedicated >25% of their practice to melanoma (50.8%). Nearly all surgeons (98.3%) would not recommend complete lymph node dissection (CLND) for a 2 mm melanoma with nodal metastasis <1 mm. 79.7% of surgeons claim a significant role in determining the surveillance regimen, and most (57.6%) opt for a combination of nodal basin ultrasound and CT or PET/CT, while 39.0% follow with ultrasound only. No difference in surveillance modality was seen when stratifying time since training (≤10 vs. >10 y; P=0.798). However, for those who dedicate >25% of their practice to melanoma, significantly fewer surgeons report use of ultrasound only (>25%: 13.3% vs. ≤25%: 65.5%; P<0.001). Whereas 33.9% of surgeons state their surveillance strategy is agnostic to patient factors, others claim adherence to appointments (30.5%), distance from hospital (18.9%), and insurance (15.8%) shift their management. Breslow depth >4 mm (27.4%), ulceration (22.2%), and mapping to >1 basin (16.2%) are the most common reasons surgeons obtain cross-sectional imaging. Reasons that deter surgeons against ultrasound as the surveillance modality of choice include reproducibility/interpretation of the results (42.6%), patient preference (25.0%), and medical oncology preference (22.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite trials aimed to inform the management of SLN-positive melanoma, surveillance strategies remain largely dependent on provider preference and individual patient factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Pegylated Filgrastim as Primary Prophylaxis Following Pediatric Dose-intensive Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Meena Haldorai, Jagdish P Meena, Aditya K Gupta, Ravindra M Pandey, Anita Chopra, Rachna Seth","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000001199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Large trials and meta-analyses in adults suggest a similar efficacy and safety of a single dose of peg-filgrastim compared with daily filgrastim in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. However, there is no large prospective data in the pediatric population. This trial was designed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of peg-filgrastim in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an open-labelled randomized trial. Children with solid tumors receiving chemotherapy in which growth factor support was indicated were screened before chemotherapy and randomized to either the filgrastim arm (5 mcg/kg daily) or peg-filgrastim arm (100 mcg/kg single dose 24 h postchemotherapy). Patients were followed up till absolute neutrophil count (ANC) recovery clinically as well as by thrice weekly complete blood counts. The primary outcome was the incidence of FN, and secondary outcomes included the reduction in the depth of ANC nadir, shortening of the duration of grade-4 neutropenia, reduction in ANC recovery time, and adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 344 chemotherapy cycles were screened. After the exclusion of 29 cycles, 315 chemotherapy cycles in 61 patients were randomized to peg-filgrastim (n=160) and filgrastim arm (n=155). The median age of included patients was 3 years (2; 6.5), and males were predominant. The incidence of FN in peg-filgrastim and filgrastim arms was 8% and 18% (P=0.01) (RR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.24-0.84). Duration of ANC recovery, depth of ANC nadir, and adverse events reported were not significantly different in both arms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The incidence of FN in the peg-filgrastim arm was significantly lesser. No significant adverse events attributable to the study drug were reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Tolerability of Concurrent Radiotherapy and Sacituzumab Govitecan in Metastatic Breast Cancer.","authors":"Pierre Loap, Salma Chabli, Paul Cottu, Youlia Kirova","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000001195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sacituzumab govitecan, an anti-TROP2 antibody-drug conjugate, is approved for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) from the second-line setting and for hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer from the third line. Radiotherapy is frequently required in metastatic settings for symptom control, but its combination with sacituzumab govitecan has not been formally evaluated. This study aims to assess the safety and tolerability of concurrent sacituzumab govitecan and radiotherapy in metastatic breast cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, single-center study included all metastatic breast cancer patients who received sacituzumab govitecan and underwent external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) at Institut Curie. Clinical and pathologic data, treatment details, toxicities graded per CTCAE v5.0, and survival outcomes were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen patients were included, with a mean age of 54 years. The majority (61.5%) had TNBC. A total of 19 metastatic sites were irradiated, including 10 brain and 9 bone metastases. No radiation-induced toxicity was observed, and no patients required treatment interruption. Grade 3 to 4 toxicities were limited to neutropenia (15.4%). The median OS from radiotherapy completion was 6 months, with a 6-month OS rate of 45.1% and a 12-month OS rate of 16.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The concurrent administration of sacituzumab govitecan and radiotherapy appears well tolerated, with no increased toxicity. This combination may be feasible in metastatic breast cancer patients when clinically indicated. Further studies with larger cohorts are necessary to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Separation Surgery Followed by Conformal Postoperative Spine Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Does Not Increase Risk of Adjacent Spine Level Progression in the Management of Spine Metastases.","authors":"Michael J Strong, Joseph R Linzey, Peyton Goethe, Varun Kathawate, Lila Tudrick, Johan Lee, Oludotun Ogunsola, Mark M Zaki, Ayobami L Ward, Noah Willett, Rushikesh S Joshi, Whitney Muhlestein, Yamaan S Saadeh, Robert Y North, Joseph R Evans, Nicholas J Szerlip, William C Jackson","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001164","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine if piecemeal separation surgery, in conjunction with smaller treatment volumes utilized with spine stereotactic radiation therapy (S-SBRT), increased the risk of adjacent level progression (ALP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of adult spine oncologic patients who underwent SBRT to the spine at University of Michigan from 2010 to 2021. We compared ALP in patients undergoing SBRT who had pretreatment surgery with those who did not.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four hundred and ninety-eight treatment sites were identified in 417 patients. Of these, 366 (73.5%) were treated with SBRT alone and 132 (26.5%) were treated with surgery followed by S-SBRT. Patients treated with SBRT alone were significantly older (63.3 y) compared with the surgery plus SBRT group (60.2 y; P =0.02). More radiosensitive histologies were treated with SBRT alone (34%) compared with 11% for the surgery plus SBRT group ( P <0.001). Lesions treated in the surgery plus SBRT group had significantly more severe metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (65%) compared with the SBRT only group (8%) ( P <0.001). Both infield progression (9.3% vs. 7.6%; P =0.43) and ALP (21.3% vs. 18.9%; P =0.37) were not significantly different between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spine oncology patients treated with surgery followed by conformal postoperative S-SBRT had similar infield and ALP compared with patients receiving SBRT alone, suggesting that piecemeal separation surgery does not locally spread tumor cells, leading to an increased risk of ALP failure, and supporting the use of conformal postoperative S-SBRT.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":" ","pages":"200-205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Talazoparib for the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Zaheer Qureshi, Eeshal Fatima, Adnan Safi, Mikail Khanzada, Faryal Altaf","doi":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001159","DOIUrl":"10.1097/COC.0000000000001159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast and prostate cancer are among the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. Recent advances in tumor sequencing and gene studies have led to a paradigm shift from treatment centered on the type of tumor to therapy more focused on specific immune phenotype markers and molecular alterations. In this review, we discuss the utility and function of talazoparib concerning prostate cancer treatment and summarize recent and planned clinical trials on talazoparib. We searched medical databases for articles relating to the use of talazoparib in prostate cancer from inception. Poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) is a family of 17 necessary DNA repair enzymes responsible for base excision repair, single-strand break repair, and double-strand break repair. PARP inhibitors are a class of oral targeted therapies that compete for the NAD + binding site on PARP molecules. Talazoparib, a potent PARP inhibitor, has emerged as a significant therapeutic option in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), particularly for patients with specific genetic alterations. Its role as a PARP inhibitor makes it a targeted therapy, focusing on cancer cells with DNA repair deficiencies. Talazoparib's role as a biomarker-directed therapy in advanced prostate cancer has been increasingly recognized. The TALAPRO-1 demonstrated durable antitumor activity in mCRPC patients. TALAPRO-2 is a notable clinical trial, specifically examining the effectiveness of Talazoparib when used in combination therapies. Current investigations demonstrate a significant improvement in survival outcomes for the patients of mCRPC, making Talazoparib a promising intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":50812,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology-Cancer Clinical Trials","volume":"48 4","pages":"206-214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}