Engineering and Technology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Tannin Extraction in Coconut Shell Powder (Cocodust) to Improve the Quality of Cocopeat and Obtain Tannin Products","authors":"Murni Yuniwati, Munadatin Munadatin, Bambang Kusmartono, Muhammad Yusuf","doi":"10.47191/etj/v9i07.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v9i07.20","url":null,"abstract":"Coconut, as a plant that is widespread in Indonesia, produces fruit pulp which has high potential to be developed as a valuable food raw material, as does coconut water. The meat and water in coconuts contain high calories, so more and more people are using them. However, the more consumption of coconut meat and water, the more waste in the form of coconut shells accumulates. One of the components of coconut skin is coconut husk powder (cocodust) which contains many macro and micro nutrients including N (Nitrogen), (K) Potassium, (P) Phosphorus, (Ca) Calcium, (Mg) Magnesium and several minerals. others that can fertilize plants. However, coconut shell powder also contains chlorine gas which causes an acidic atmosphere, and tannin compounds which interfere with plant growth because they block the absorption of nutrients by plants. The process of separating coconut husk powder from coconut skin is usually done by soaking the coconut husk in water, so that it becomes soft so that the coconut husk powder is easily separated. Apart from that, soaking in water is expected to reduce the acid and tannin content in the powder, but it turns out that the reduction in tannin content is not very significant. In fact, tannin is a very important compound that is used in the health sector as an antioxidant that can bind free radicals. Apart from that, tannin is widely used in industry as a leather tanner, dye, adhesive and so on. If we can extract tannin optimally, we will obtain two products that can be used, namely tannin as an antioxidant, and a high quality planting medium (cocopeat) because of the tannin content. becomes very small. In this research, tannin was extracted using an extraction method with various variables, to be able to determine optimal process conditions in order to obtain the maximum percentage of tannin extraction. The results of the research show that by using a water solvent under atmospheric conditions, the best conditions are obtained using a process temperature of 100oC, a stirring speed of 500 rpm, a ratio of solvent volume to mass of material is 10:1 and a process time of 1.5 hours. With these process conditions, the tannin content in the powder Coconut shells can be extracted perfectly, or the percentage of tannin extraction in coconut shell powder reaches 100%.","PeriodicalId":507832,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Technology Journal","volume":"92 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isothermal and Non-Isothermal Study of 8OCB Liquid Crystal using DSC and Logger Pro.","authors":"Grace Petrarca, Dipti Sharma (PhD)","doi":"10.47191/etj/v9i07.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v9i07.19","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this research is to explore the isothermal and non-isothermal properties of 4-oxy-4'-cyano­biphenyls (8OCB) Liquid Crystal (LC). This paper reports on the data collected from the technique of DSC and the behavior of 8OCB when heated 0°C/100°C and cooled 100°C/-40°C for ramp rates of 5, 10, and 20 °C/min. The thermal speed, acceleration, and jerk we calculated using the program LoggerPro to further understand the molecules' behavior to observe the effects of repetitive heating and cooling on 8OCB and how that would relate to LC’s use in Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), specifically looking at if there is any type of degradation in the nematic phase. This data can be used to compare to data collected on the heat flow during, before, and in between the heating and cooling phases to understand how the molecule is further affected by increased ramp rates of constant heating and cooling at times when the temperature is not changing. The isothermal segments of the DSC were seen to have increased heat flow as the ramp rate was increased which is important to consider when applying to the application of nematic LCDs.","PeriodicalId":507832,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Technology Journal","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Mesophase Transitions of 8CB Liquid Crystal using DSC and Logger Pro","authors":"William LeBrun, Dipti Sharma (PhD)","doi":"10.47191/etj/v9i07.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v9i07.18","url":null,"abstract":"The main focus of this research is to perform a detailed analysis of 4-octyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) Liquid Crystal (LC). 8CB is a family member of the nCB liquid crystal and it is a thermotropic LC that shows a change in phase transition when it is heated or cooled. The phase transitions for 8CB occur in four phases, including a crystalline (K), Smectic A (SmA), Nematic (N), and Isotropic (I) state. As 8CB goes through these states, it shows mesophases and mesophase transitions. 8CB has a tail made of eight C-H bonds and a body made of two benzene and CN groups. Further, this paper presents findings derived from the utilization of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and explores the thermal characteristics of 8CB when subjected to heating from 0°C to 100°C and subsequent cooling from 100°C to -40°C, using ramp rates of 5, 10, and 20 °C/min respectively. This paper also includes results that can be found in this study when thermal Speed, thermal acceleration, and thermal Jerk are calculated using Logger Pro for 8CB against the time taken for these mesophase transitions. It can be seen how the peaks of these mesophases change as a function of thermal speed, thermal acceleration, and thermal jerk. These results can be explained in terms of molecular alignment and effect of temperature on their mesophases and the flexibility of 8CB’s tail.","PeriodicalId":507832,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Technology Journal","volume":"30 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Optimized Approach to Solve Assignment Problems Using the Fuzzy Hungarian Method","authors":"Amit Kumar Nandan, J. P. Tripathi, V. K. Tiwari","doi":"10.47191/etj/v9i07.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v9i07.17","url":null,"abstract":"The assignment method assigns a particular (employee) to a particular (work) \"Assuming an equal number of jobs and workers.\" In this paper, we are introducing a pentagonal ranking method by which we can convert the cost values (Fuzzy numbers) of the Fuzzy Assignment Problem (FAP) into crisp values. By the Hungarian method, we can optimize the cost of the FAP. A numerical value illustrates the method.","PeriodicalId":507832,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Technology Journal","volume":"9 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Islamic Religious Values on Construction Workers (Case Study: Pt. Alcos Graha Jaya)","authors":"Nurlaelah Nurlaelah, Basit Al Hanif, Otti Ilham Khair","doi":"10.47191/etj/v9i07.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v9i07.12","url":null,"abstract":"Workers in a construction company are a very important element for the whole company. Therefore, the presence of workers who have high enthusiasm and outstanding achievements in their fields is very important, so that they can create optimal performance. Workers who are able to provide good performance will have a positive impact and produce high-quality work. To achieve this goal, there are several factors that support, one of which is applying religious values, especially in the Islamic context to construction work. By using the questionnaire method given to construction workers at PT ALCOS GRAHA JAYA, regression results were obtained with a t value of 11.290 greater than t table 2.00958, while the correlation result is 0.850 which means that there is a perfect correlation between the application of Islamic values and the performance of construction workers in the contractor company.","PeriodicalId":507832,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Technology Journal","volume":"59 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Data Breaches on Internet of Things (IoT) Devices within the Proliferation of Daily-Life Integrated Devices","authors":"Rohith Vallabhaneni","doi":"10.47191/etj/v9i07.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v9i07.13","url":null,"abstract":"IoT has revolutionized life around us very quickly. All houses, offices, and even most of the cities in turn are a blanket or mosaic figured out by inter-woven devices keeping to each other; this shows how life was finally distracted. It is presented as a technological marvel that will make life simpler, more efficient, and connected more than it has ever been. However, beneath this gleaming surface lurks a growing threat: the widespread nature of vulnerabilities in IoT devices. The systematic review method is the basis of this study, using Google Scholar and keywords such as \"IoT security and consequences\", to retrieve scholarly articles pertaining between 2015 – 2023. Research articles that had strict inclusion criteria were considered to evaluate their applicability in the relationship between IoT security vulnerabilities and ordinary lives. These consequences include from information leakage to denial-of-service attacks and unauthorized access. The risks and scale differences from economic losses to life safety hazards that threaten public security due to an intensifying interdependency of IoT applications. The repercussions impact the key segments such as health care and military applications, where more stringent security measures can be highlighted.","PeriodicalId":507832,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Technology Journal","volume":"47 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"0-1 Knapsack Problem Solving using Genetic Optimization Algorithm","authors":"Mubarak Altamimi, Emrullah Sonuç, Nehad Ramaha, Ijibadejo William","doi":"10.47191/etj/v9i07.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v9i07.10","url":null,"abstract":"A 0-1 knapsack problem with m constraints is known as the 0-1 multidimensional knapsack problem, and it is challenging to solve using standard techniques like branch and bound algorithms or dynamic programming. The goal of the Knapsack problem is to maximize the utility of the items in a knapsack while staying within its carrying capacity. This paper presents a genetic algorithm with Python code that can solve publicly available instances of the multidimensional knapsack problem in a very quick computational time. By identifying the significant genes, the attribute reduction method that uses the rough set theory reduces the search space and guarantees that useful information is not lost. To regulate convergence, the algorithm makes use of many additional hyperparameters that can be adjusted in the code.","PeriodicalId":507832,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Technology Journal","volume":"49 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identify Vulnerabilities on the Ministry of Health's Ayo Sehat Website Through Penetration Testing","authors":"Nur Siti Aisyah, Fasya Zulia Puspitasari, Kalpin Oktavianus Angga, Brili Rey Shandi","doi":"10.47191/etj/v9i07.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v9i07.11","url":null,"abstract":"This research identifies security vulnerabilities on the \"Ayo Sehat Kemenkes\" website managed by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia through penetration testing using the ISSAF (Information Systems Security Assessment Framework) framework. The methods used include information gathering, network mapping, vulnerability identification, and exploitation. Tools such as CMD, Whois, Nmap, and Subgraph Vega are used in the testing process. The research results found several vulnerabilities with different levels of severity: a high level vulnerability in the form of a social security number which can cause the risk of identity theft, a medium level vulnerability in the form of a local file system path which provides information about the structure of directories and files on the web server, and a low level vulnerability in the form of lots of email addresses and password forms with an active autocomplete feature. These findings demonstrate the importance of preventative measures to improve website security and protect user data.","PeriodicalId":507832,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Technology Journal","volume":"91 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Phytochemical and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts Red Cambodia Sap (Plumeria Rubra L.)","authors":"Imran Imran, N. Nohong, Zainal S. Arifin, Risfan Qaemudin, A. T. Nurwahidah","doi":"10.47191/etj/v9i07.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v9i07.14","url":null,"abstract":"Red Cambodian (Plumeria rubra L.) is a medicinal plant cultivated by the community with antimicrobial, anti-cancer, and antioxidant bioactivity. This research aims to obtain information regarding secondary metabolite content by phytochemical testing on red Cambodian sap (Plumeria rubra L). Phytochemical screening is carried out by looking at the colour-testing reaction using a reagent of methanol and n-hexane. The antioxidant test was carried out using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) at a wavelength of 517 nm. The results showed that the methanol faction contained alkaloids and saponins. Meanwhile, the n-hexane fraction contained flavonoid compounds, tannins, terpenoids and saponins. The antioxidant test was based on the IC50 calculation; the n-hexane fraction had an IC50 value of 19.8282 mg/L.","PeriodicalId":507832,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Technology Journal","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Workplace Safety in Oil Refining: A Study on Contractor Safety Management Systems","authors":"Arman Jayady, Anang Susanto, M. H. Zulfiar","doi":"10.47191/etj/v9i07.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v9i07.16","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of workplace accidents in the oil and gas industry remains a significant threat, with the global Fatal Accident Rate (FAR) at 0.75 deaths per 100 million work hours in 2021. Indonesia, ranked 21st in global oil production, reported 634 workplace accidents in the upstream oil and gas sector from 2016 to 2021. To address these risks, the Indonesian government implemented the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (SMK3) through Government Regulation No. 50 of 2012. This study evaluates the implementation of the Contractor Safety Management System (CSMS) at the PTPKI-RUK oil refinery in eastern Indonesia. A case study approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, including interviews, surveys, field observations, and document analysis. Results indicate high knowledge and compliance with CSMS among managers and supervisors, but lower among field workers and contractors. While 10% of respondents reported minor workplace accidents, the perception of CSMS effectiveness is positive, with an average rating of 4.2. This study highlights the need for improved training, socialization, personal protective equipment, and communication between management and workers, offering recommendations for better CSMS implementation to enhance operational safety in the oil and gas sector.","PeriodicalId":507832,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Technology Journal","volume":"31 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141806290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}