Annals of Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in nonagenarian patients: A retrospective population-based cohort study","authors":"Matteo Franchi ,&nbsp;Marco Gennari ,&nbsp;Gaia Severgnini ,&nbsp;Fausto Biancari ,&nbsp;Alice Bonomi ,&nbsp;Federico De Marco ,&nbsp;Gianluca Polvani ,&nbsp;Marco Agrifoglio","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To compare the overall survival and the risk of all-cause and heart failure-specific hospitalization in nonagenarian patients hospitalized for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or conservative treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Population-based retrospective cohort study based on healthcare utilization databases of the Italian region of Lombardy. The cohort included all nonagenarians hospitalized for AS between 2017 and 2021, who underwent TAVI within 90 days from first diagnosis or conservative treatment. The association between TAVI and clinical outcomes was assessed through Cox or Fine&amp;Grey regression models. High-dimensional propensity score matching was used to reduce the heterogeneity between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 16,848 nonagenarians hospitalized for AS were identified. Among these, 320 patients underwent TAVI, of which 193 were matched to as many control patients. The 2-year survival rates were 76.0 % and 37.7 %, respectively, in TAVI and control patients, corresponding to an HR of 0.24 (95 % CI 0.15–0.37). The 2-year cumulative incidence of rehospitalization for heart failure was 11.1 % and 26.5 %, respectively, corresponding to an HR of 0.64 (95 % CI 0.40–0.99).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study further supports the usefulness of TAVI in nonagenarians, as it showed to improve their survival rate, reduce their risk of rehospitalization, and likely increase their quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"102 ","pages":"Pages 81-85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School neighborhood deprivation is associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension","authors":"Elizabeth A. Onugha MD MSCI ,&nbsp;Ankona Banerjee MS ,&nbsp;Kenneth J. Nobleza MS ,&nbsp;Duc T. Nguyen MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Omar Rosales MS ,&nbsp;Abiodun Oluyomi PhD ,&nbsp;Jayna M. Dave PhD ,&nbsp;Joshua Samuels MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To examine the association between socioeconomic characteristics of school neighborhoods and the prevalence of hypertension in adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We performed a secondary data analysis of over 21,000 adolescents who participated in a school BP surveillance program between 2000 and 2017. BP status was confirmed by BP measurements on up to 3 occasions to diagnose sustained hypertension according to standard pediatric hypertension guidelines. We assessed school neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) via the area deprivation index (ADI), a composite measure of area-level socioeconomic deprivation and categorized into quartiles. Q1 represented schools in neighborhoods with the least social deprivation while Q4 represented neighborhood with the most socioeconomic deprivation. We performed a cross-sectional analysis using both univariate and multivariable regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 21,392 children included in our analysis, the prevalence of sustained hypertension was 2.6 %. Hispanics and African Americans were overrepresented in the schools in more deprived neighborhoods. The highest sustained hypertension rate was observed among students attending Q3 (5.5 %) and Q4 (4.2 %) schools compared to Q1 (2.7 %) and Q2 (2.0 %) schools (p &lt; 0.001). Multivariable regression analysis showed that being male, obese, and attending school in a disadvantaged neighborhood were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of hypertension.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest that school neighborhood deprivation measured by ADI may be a risk factor for hypertension and may contribute to the racial/ ethnic disparities observed in hypertension prevalence in adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"103 ","pages":"Pages 9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic cigarette use and heavy metal exposure: Evidence from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","authors":"Bo Ram Yang ,&nbsp;Seung-Mi Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study investigated the association between electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and serum concentrations of heavy metals (lead, mercury, and cadmium) in the Korean population, utilizing data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), a nationally representative cross-sectional survey.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from KNHANES 2013, 2016, and 2017 were analyzed. Participants were classified as e-cigarette users (individuals who had ever used e-cigarettes, including dual users who had also used conventional cigarettes), conventional smokers (individuals who had smoked at least 100 conventional cigarettes [5 packs], but not e-cigarettes, in their lifetime), and non-smokers (individuals who had never used e-cigarettes and either never smoked conventional cigarettes or smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes). Linear regression models were employed to evaluate the association between smoking status and heavy metal concentrations, adjusting for covariates including age, sex, income, education, and health behaviors. Subgroup analyses were performed based on sex, age, and obesity status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>E-cigarette users exhibited significantly higher serum concentrations of heavy metals than non-smokers. Lead levels were 10.0 % higher (exponentiated β = 1.100; p &lt; 0.001), mercury levels were 13.7 % higher (β = 1.137; p &lt; 0.001), and cadmium levels were 61.4 % higher (β = 1.614; p &lt; 0.001). Conventional smokers demonstrated elevated levels of these metals compared to non-smokers, but generally lower levels than e-cigarette users. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger associations among younger participants, males, and individuals with obesity, particularly for cadmium.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Dual use of e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes is associated with elevated exposure to heavy metals compared to exclusive smoking cigarettes. These findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions and stricter regulatory standards to address the risks associated with e-cigarette use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"103 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender diversity and daily steps: Findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study","authors":"Jason M. Nagata M.D., M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Shirley Sui ,&nbsp;Angela E. Kim M.Phil. ,&nbsp;Iris Yuefan Shao M.P.H., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Christopher D. Otmar Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Kyle T. Ganson Ph.D., M.S.W. ,&nbsp;Alexander Testa Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Erin E. Dooley M.S., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Holly C. Gooding M.D., MS.c. ,&nbsp;Fiona C. Baker Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Kelley Pettee Gabriel M.S., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To examine the association between multiple dimensions of gender diversity and physical activity (daily steps) in a diverse national sample of early adolescents in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study analyzed Year 2 data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (<em>N</em> = 6038, <em>M</em>_<em>age</em>=12.0 years). Linear regression models were used to estimate the associations of gender diversity across multiple measures (transgender identity, felt gender, gender expression, gender non-contentedness) with daily step count measured by wrist-worn Fitbit devices.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this sample of early adolescents, 49.7 % were assigned female at birth, 39.4 % were from racial/ethnic minority groups, and 1 % to 16.9 % identified as gender diverse, depending on the measure used. Transgender identity was associated with 1394 (95 % confidence interval 284–2504) fewer steps per day compared to cisgender identity after adjusting for all covariates. Greater gender diversity, as measured by felt gender and gender non-contentedness, was also associated with lower daily steps.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Transgender and gender-diverse adolescents engage in less physical activity than their cisgender peers. This research has important implications for public health and policies focused on supporting physical activity among transgender and gender-diverse early adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National trends in drug overdose mortality among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander populations","authors":"David T. Zhu ,&nbsp;Andrew Park","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To analyze drug overdose mortality trends among Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (AANHPI) populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We obtained data on drug overdose deaths and population totals from CDC WONDER and the American Community Survey (2018–2022). Crude mortality rates per 100,000 were calculated overall and by sex, U.S. Census Division, and drug type. Disaggregated analyses included six Asian American subgroups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese) and three NHPI subgroups (Native Hawaiian, Guamanian, and Samoan).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2022, Asian Americans had 1226 drug overdose deaths and NHPI individuals had 154. The mortality rate for NHPI individuals (17.52 [95 % CI: 14.76–20.29] per 100,000) tripled that of Asian Americans (5.85 [95 % CI: 5.52–6.18] per 100,000). Fentanyl was the leading drug-related death among Asian Americans (3.17 [95 % CI: 2.93–3.41] per 100,000), while methamphetamine led for NHPI individuals (11.38 [95 % CI: 9.15–13.61] per 100,000). Disaggregated mortality rates were highest for Korean Americans (9.06 [95 % CI: 8.88–9.24] per 100,000) and Guamanians (43.16 [95 % CI: 39.05–48.24] per 100,000) among the Asian American and NHPI subgroups, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>AANHPI populations experience distinct overdose mortality patterns, with NHPI individuals and specific ethnic subgroups disproportionately affected, warranting targeted public health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 36-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 on breast cancer mortality trends in Brazil: A time-series study","authors":"Adriano Hyeda ,&nbsp;Élide Sbardellotto Mariano da Costa ,&nbsp;Sérgio Cândido Kowalski","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There is a lack of research on whether COVID-19 disruptions in breast cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment affected mortality rates over time.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This ecological time series study, covering the period between 2013 and 2023, utilizes the inflection point regression model and calculates the Annual Percentage Change (APC). The study used open-access data from the Brazilian Mortality Information System. The dependent variables measured were mortality rates due to breast cancer as an underlying cause and contributing cause in women aged 20 and over. The double exponential smoothing method was applied to predict mortality rates for 2020–2023.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the study period, the mortality rate due to breast cancer as a contributing cause increased approximately tenfold compared to mortality as an underlying cause (APC 6.9 % vs. 0.7 %). On average, 12 % of breast cancer-related deaths were attributed to the disease as a contributing cause. Breast cancer deaths as an underlying cause declined in 2020 and 2021, remaining below the 95 % predicted interval (95 % PI), but showed recovery until 2023. Mortality due to breast cancer as a contributing cause increased early in the pandemic, with deaths related to COVID-19 as an underlying cause comprising 39.6 % of cases in 2021. Breast cancer-related deaths, both as an underlying and contributing cause, showed an upward trend until 2021 and remained within the 95 % PI until 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>During the pandemic, deaths due to breast cancer as an underlying cause decreased while contributing deaths increased, with total mortality remaining within the predicted range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations for using participatory systems modeling as a tool for implementation mapping in chronic disease prevention","authors":"Travis R. Moore ,&nbsp;Erin Hennessy ,&nbsp;Yuilyn Chang Chusan ,&nbsp;Laura Ellen Ashcraft ,&nbsp;Christina D. Economos","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective chronic disease prevention requires a systems approach to the design, implementation, and refinement of interventions that account for the complexity and interdependence of factors influencing health outcomes. This paper proposes the Participatory Implementation Systems Mapping (PISM) process, which combines participatory systems modeling with implementation strategy development to enhance intervention design and implementation planning. PISM leverages the collaborative efforts of researchers and community partners to analyze complex health systems, identify key determinants, and develop tailored interventions and strategies that are both adaptive and contextually relevant. The phases of the PISM process include strategize, innovate, operationalize, and assess. We describe and demonstrate how each phase contributes to the overall goal of effective and sustainable intervention implementation. We also address the challenges of data availability, model complexity, and resource constraints. We offer solutions such as innovative data collection methods and participatory model development to enhance the robustness and applicability of systems models. Through a case study on the development of a chronic disease prevention intervention, the paper illustrates the practical application of PISM and highlights its potential to guide epidemiologists and implementation scientists in developing interventions that are responsive to the complexities of real-world health systems. The conclusion calls for further research to refine participatory systems modeling techniques, overcome existing challenges in data availability, and expand the use of PISM in diverse public health contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 42-51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11728936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploration of potential risk factors for gastroschisis using decision tree learning","authors":"Julie M. Petersen ,&nbsp;Jaimie L. Gradus ,&nbsp;Martha M. Werler ,&nbsp;Samantha E. Parker","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Despite a wealth of research, the etiology of the abdominal wall defect gastroschisis remains largely unknown. The strongest known risk factor is young maternal age. Our objective was to conduct a hypothesis-generating analysis regarding gastroschisis etiology using random forests.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were from the Slone Birth Defects Study (case-control, United States and Canada, 1998–2015). Cases were gastroschisis-affected pregnancies (n = 273); controls were live-born infants, frequency-matched by center (n = 2591). Potential risk factor data were ascertained via standardized interviews. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) using targeted maximum likelihood estimation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The strongest associations were observed with young maternal age (aOR 3.4, 95 % CI 2.9, 4.0) and prepregnancy body-mass-index &lt; 30 kg/m² (aOR 3.3, 95 % CI 2.4, 4.5). More moderate increased odds were observed for parents not in a relationship, non-Black maternal race, young paternal age, marijuana use, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, lower parity, oral contraceptive use, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, daily fast food/processed foods intake, lower poly- or monounsaturated fat, higher total fat, and lower parental education.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our research provides support for established risk factors and suggested novel factors (e.g., certain aspects of diet), which warrant further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A web-based tool for cancer risk prediction for middle-aged and elderly adults using machine learning algorithms and self-reported questions","authors":"Xingjian Xiao ,&nbsp;Xiaohan Yi ,&nbsp;Nyi Nyi Soe ,&nbsp;Phyu Mon Latt ,&nbsp;Luotao Lin ,&nbsp;Xuefen Chen ,&nbsp;Hualing Song ,&nbsp;Bo Sun ,&nbsp;Hailei Zhao ,&nbsp;Xianglong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>From a global perspective, China is one of the countries with higher incidence and mortality rates for cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Our objective is to create an online cancer risk prediction tool for middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults by leveraging machine learning algorithms and self-reported data.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Drawing from a cohort of 19,798 participants aged 45 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011 - 2018), we employed nine machine learning algorithms (LR: Logistic Regression, Adaboost: Adaptive Boosting, SVM: Support Vector Machine, RF: Random Forest, GNB: Gaussian Naive Bayes, GBM: Gradient Boosting Machine, LGBM: Light Gradient Boosting Machine, XGBoost: eXtreme Gradient Boosting, KNN: K - Nearest Neighbors), which are mainly used for classification and regression tasks, to construct predictive models for various cancers. Utilizing non-invasive self-reported predictors encompassing demographic, educational, marital, lifestyle, health history, and other factors, we focused on predicting \"Cancer or Malignant Tumour\" outcomes. The types of cancers that can be predicted mainly include lung cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and other rare cancers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The developed tool, MyCancerRisk, demonstrated significant performance, with the Random Forest algorithm achieving an AUC of 0.75 and ACC of 0.99 using self-reported variables. Key predictors identified include age, self-rated health, sleep patterns, household heating sources, childhood health status, living conditions, and smoking habits.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>MyCancerRisk</em> aims to serve as a preventative screening tool, encouraging individuals to undergo testing and adopt healthier behaviours to mitigate the public health impact of cancer. Our study also sheds light on unconventional predictors, such as housing conditions, offering valuable insights for refining cancer prediction models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 27-35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiome and obesity in late adolescence: A case-control study in “Children of 1997” birth cohort","authors":"Baoting He PhD ,&nbsp;Sheng Xu PhD ,&nbsp;C. Mary Schooling PhD ,&nbsp;Gabriel M. Leung MD ,&nbsp;Joshua W.K. Ho PhD ,&nbsp;Shiu Lun Au Yeung PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Although the gut microbiome is important in human health, its relation to adolescent obesity remains unclear. Here we assessed the associations of the gut microbiome with adolescent obesity in a case-control study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In the “Children of 1997” birth cohort, participants with and without obesity at ∼17.4 years were 1:1 matched on sex, physical activity, parental education and occupation (n = 312). Fecal gut microbiome composition and pathways were assessed via shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The association of microbiota species with obesity was evaluated using conditional logistic regression. We explored the association of the obesity-relevant species with adolescent metabolomics using multivariable linear regression, and causal relationships with type 2 diabetes using Mendelian randomization analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Gut microbiota in the adolescents with obesity exhibited lower richness (p = 0.031) and evenness (p = 0.014) compared to controls. Beta diversity revealed differences in the microbiome composition in two groups (p = 0.034). Lower relative abundance of <em>Clostridium spiroforme, Clostridium phoceensis and Bacteroides uniformis</em> were associated with higher obesity risk (q&lt;0.15). Lower <em>Bacteroides uniformis</em> was associated with higher branched-chain amino acid, potentially contributing to higher type 2 diabetes risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adolescents with obesity had a distinct gut microbiota profile compared to the controls, possibly linked to metabolic pertubation and related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"101 ","pages":"Pages 58-66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}