Annals of Thoracic Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of research hotspots in tracheal intubation for children.","authors":"Fan Yang, Lei Liu, Ya-Nan Li, Ling Chen, Lai-You Li, Jun-Li Liang","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_397_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_397_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Difficult airway management remains a major challenge for paediatric anaesthesiologists. Our aim is to visualise the research hotspots of tracheal intubation for children using bibliometric analysis and clarify the development status of this research field. English articles on pediatric intubation (2009-2025, Web of Science) were analyzed. Only original and review studies included. Publication trends, countries, authors, journals, keywords, and citations were statistically analyzed and visualized. The study results showed that a total of 752 eligible articles were included, and the annual number of publications showed a fluctuating increase, reaching a peak of 64 in 2023. The United States ranked first in both the number of publications (265) and citations (5,935). The journal Pediatric Anesthesia had the largest number of publications (58) and also the highest local citations (13,878). The most cited author globally was Silbergleit (468 citations), and the author with the most publications was Nishisaki (27 articles). The institution with the most publications was the University of Pennsylvania. The top three high-frequency keywords were children (329 times, 17%), endotracheal intubation (183 times, 9%) and tracheal intubation (125 times, 6%), and the core research hotspots were intubation efficacy, safety and airway difficulties. Study analyzes 752 pediatric intubation articles (2009-2025), showing growing interest, peak in 2023. U.S. leads; China productive but less recognized. Focus on anesthesia, critical care; Nishisaki prominent. Shift from basic to personalized techniques, emphasizing safety, difficult airways. Lacks Global South input. Highlights trends, guides clinical priorities, informs research.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"21 3","pages":"122-131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of prognostic scores and factors affecting survival in patients with malignant pleural effusion.","authors":"Sümeyye Kodalak Cengiz, Nevin Taci Hoca, Hülya Kaya, Onur Ertunç, Cansu Özbas, Nilgün Yılmaz Demirci, Ahmet Selim Yurdakul","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_2_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_2_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) occurs in approximately 15% of cancer patients and is associated with poor prognosis, with a median survival of 3-12 months. Expected survival is a key factor in treatment decision-making. This study aimed to identify clinical and laboratory parameters affecting survival in patients with MPE and to evaluate the prognostic performance of the LENT, PROMISE, AL, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) scores in predicting mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 161 patients pathologically diagnosed with MPE at a tertiary care center between January 2010 and December 2024. Overall survival was defined as the time from MPE diagnosis to death. LENT, PROMISE, AL, and ECOG-PS scores were calculated at diagnosis. Three-month mortality was the primary endpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median overall survival was 93 days, and the 3-month survival rate was 50.1%. Univariate analysis showed that body mass index ≥25 kg/m², gastrointestinal tract malignancies, presence of extrapleural metastases, elevated leukocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts, an increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and higher pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase levels were significantly associated with mortality. ECOG-PS, LENT, and PROMISE scores were significant predictors of both 3-month and overall mortality. In multivariate analysis, ECOG-PS was the strongest independent predictor of 3-month mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 46.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.23-152.83), followed by LENT (HR: 4.66; 95% CI: 2.77-7.85) and PROMISE (HR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.41-4.03). ECOG-PS also remained the strongest predictor of overall mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ECOG-PS, together with LENT and PROMISE scores, are effective and clinically applicable tools for predicting early and overall mortality in patients with MPE.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"21 3","pages":"162-171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical profile of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with and without type 2 inflammation: A comparative study.","authors":"Mohammed Al Ghobain, Waleed Alsowayan, Afra Juma, Altayb Yousif, Renad Almogren, Razan S Al Kahtani, Munira Aldossari, Horia Zurnuq","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_361_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_361_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with type 2 inflammation and comorbidities and functional outcomes remains incompletely defined. We aimed to compare clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and exacerbation risk between COPD patients with and without type 2 inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective observational study. Patients with spirometry-confirmed COPD between January 2020 and July 2025 were included. Patients were stratified by serum eosinophil count into type 2 inflammation COPD (≥300 cells/μL) and nontype 2 inflammation COPD (<300 cells/μL). Demographics, comorbidities, pulmonary function, and exacerbation history were assessed. Logistic regression identified independent predictors of exacerbation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total number of patients were 270 (mean age: 70 years; 91.5% of males). Among them, 54.8% had type 2 inflammation COPD. Those with type 2 inflammation had more comorbidities (mean 3 vs. 2; <i>P</i> = 0.001), higher prevalence of ischemic heart disease (31.1%; <i>P</i> = 0.042), and increased exacerbation frequency (mean 2 vs. 1 per year; <i>P</i> = 0.006). Predictors of exacerbation included older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.04), high eosinophilic count (OR 1.002, 95% CI 1.001-1.003), number of exacerbations in the past 12 months (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.06), elevated right ventricular pressure (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.10), lower postbronchodilator FEV1 (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05) and multiple comorbidities (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.05-1.34).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>COPD with type 2 inflammation is associated with a higher prevalence of ischemic heart disease and a higher prevalence and higher risk of exacerbation compared with nontype 2 inflammation. Serum eosinophil count is a valuable biomarker for phenotyping and risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"21 3","pages":"132-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the training pathway in sleep medicine: Training capacity versus demand in the United States.","authors":"Jason Silvestre, Robert J Ferdon, Andrea M Rinn, Robert A Ravinsky","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_322_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_322_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have described an emerging deficiency of sleep medicine physicians in the United States (US). This study defines the training pipeline for sleep medicine physicians, including the annual number of applicants, training positions, and unfilled training positions. This was a cross-sectional analysis of all applicants for sleep medicine fellowship training in the US from 2012 to 2025. Annual match outcomes were calculated and trends analyzed with linear regression. From 2012 to 2025, growth in the annual number of applicants (103-249, 142% increase, P < 0.001) exceeded growth in the number of training positions (99-218, 120% increase, P < 0.001) for sleep medicine fellowship training. Accordingly, the annual applicant-to-training position ratio increased (1.04-1.14, P = 0.003) and the annual rate of unfilled training positions decreased (12.1% to 5.0%, P = 0.004) over the study period. The annual representation of US allopathic medical school graduates increased among incoming sleep medicine fellows (31.0% to 41.1%) while the annual representation of non-US allopathic medical school graduates decreased (69.0% to 58.9%), although this trend was not significant (P = 0.056). Match rates for US allopathic medical school graduates exceeded those for non-US allopathic medical school graduates (93.1% vs. 85.8%, P < 0.001). Growth in applicants for sleep medicine fellowship training has exceeded growth in training capacity, resulting in an increasing annual applicant-to-training position ratio. While interest appears to be increasing, surveillance of future match outcomes is warranted given anticipated deficiencies in the sleep medicine physician workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"21 3","pages":"115-121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy in hemoptysis without radiological abnormalities: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Özlem Soğukpınar, Ülkü Aka Aktürk","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_371_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_371_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bronchoscopy is widely used to evaluate the source and cause of hemoptysis. Its diagnostic value is well established in patients with abnormal radiological findings; however, its utility in patients without such findings remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively included adults with hemoptysis who underwent bronchoscopy between January 2019 and June 2023 and were followed up clinically and radiologically for at least 1 year. Computed tomography (CT) scans were reviewed and categorized as pathological or nonpathological; cases with pathological findings were further classified according to malignancy suspicion. The diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy was compared between groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to derive an age cutoff; multivariable logistic regression identified independent predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 380 patients were included (mean age 58.3 ± 14.6 years; 78.9% males). Bronchoscopy was diagnostic in 37.6% of cases. Diagnostic yield was significantly higher in patients over 50 years of age, in males, and in those with abnormal CT findings. In contrast, bronchoscopy was rarely diagnostic in patients younger than 50 years with normal CT. Logistic regression showed a 3.5-fold increase in diagnostic yield with age (odds ratio [OR]: 3.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27-9.53, <i>P</i> = 0.015) and 15.8-fold with CT findings suggestive of malignancy (OR: 15.81, 95% CI: 7.35-33.95, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bronchoscopy provides meaningful diagnostic information in patients aged ≥50 years and/or with CT findings suspicious for malignancy, whereas its yield is limited in younger patients with normal CT. A selective approach may be appropriate in low-risk cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"21 3","pages":"154-161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compatibility analysis of total lung capacity values measured by segmentation with computed tomography and helium dilution method.","authors":"Aysegul Erinc, Ali Kirac, Damla Azakli, Banu Kahriman, Celal Satici, Erdogan Cetinkaya","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_193_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_193_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate assessment of lung volumes is essential for diagnosing ventilatory defects and managing pulmonary diseases such as interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although body plethysmography is the standard method, it can be limited by patient tolerance and complexity. Helium dilution method (HDM) is a portable and cost-effective alternative, while chest computed tomography (CT) offers noninvasive volume assessment through imaging. This study aimed to evaluate the agreement and potential interchangeability between TLC values measured by CT (TLC_CT) segmentation and the TLC_HDM in patients with ILD and COPD.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, patients who underwent HDM and chest CT were evaluated. Based on pulmonary function tests (PFTs), patients were grouped as having restrictive or obstructive ventilatory defects. TLC_CT and HDM were compared using Bland-Altman analysis to assess agreement and bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 213 patients. In the overall cohort, TLC_CT was slightly lower than TLC_HDM (mean difference = -0.32 L, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.50 to -0.14 L, <i>P</i> = 0.0007). In subgroup analyses, the mean bias was -0.67 L (95% CI -0.84 to -0.51 L, <i>P</i> < 0.001) for ILD and +0.78 L (95% CI 0.35-1.21 L, <i>P</i> = 0.0007) for COPD, indicating underestimation and overestimation by CT, respectively. The overall 95% limits of agreement ranged from -3.0 to +2.25 L.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both HDM and CT provide valuable lung volume data. CT may serve as a reliable alternative in patients unable to undergo PFTs. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"21 3","pages":"147-153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' outcomes during chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations are associated with the severity score of the Lancet Commission.","authors":"Esma Seda Akalin, Esra Ertan Yazar, Göksel Menek, Samet Samanci, Batuhan Er, Emre Güragaç, Burcu Arpinar Yigitbas, Coşkun Dogan, Deniz Bilici","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_194_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_194_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations significantly affect morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The Lancet Commission proposed a severity classification for COPD exacerbations, but its validation has not been performed. This study aims to assess the relationship between exacerbation severity scores, as defined by the Lancet Commission, and patient outcomes, including morbidity and mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, single-center study analyzed 240 hospitalized patients with COPD exacerbations from January 2023 to January 2024. Patients were categorized into three severity groups based on the Lancet exacerbation severity scores. Clinical and laboratory parameters, duration of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, ventilatory support, and 30-day mortality rates were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study found that patients with the highest severity scores had significantly lower hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, higher pCO₂ and urea levels, and longer hospital stays. The rates of noninvasive mechanical ventilation use, ICU admission, and mortality were notably higher in this group. In addition, hypoalbuminemia, anemia, lymphopenia, and elevated blood urea were linked to 30-day mortality in patients experiencing exacerbation. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an albumin cutoff of ≤33.3 g/L as predictive of mortality, with a sensitivity of 51.3% and specificity of 80.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to the Lancet Commission's severity classification in COPD exacerbations. Results indicate that this scoring system can effectively identify patients at high risk for poor outcomes. Future prospective studies are necessary to refine severity assessment criteria and incorporate biochemical markers for improved prognostication and management of COPD exacerbations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"21 2","pages":"82-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13135313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility in allergic rhinitis management: Systematic review.","authors":"Dana Adel Alrezq, Abdulaziz M Aldaghmani, Jana J Alali, Marwa A Aljowaid, Zahra Abdulaziz Alkhamis, Lamar M Alarqan, Mutrik J Almughni, Hanan A Albalawi, Njood Khalifa Alruwaili, Rayyan M Almusally","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_344_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_344_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common outpatient conditions, diagnosed through operator-dependent and resource-intensive methodologies. This systematic review assessed the use and efficacy of diagnostic strategies using artificial intelligence (AI). This review aims to explore how AI can enhance diagnostic accuracy, personalize treatment, and support clinical decisions in AR care. This review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO. PubMed, Cochrane Central, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for studies published between 2002 and 2025. Out of 1109 identified studies, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Eight studies involving 311,354 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, mainly from China and South Korea. Supervised machine learning was predominant, followed by Random Forest and eXtreme Gradient Boosting algorithms. Overall, AI models demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve up to 0.93, sensitivity 91.5%, specificity 99.95%), which demonstrated a promising utility in diagnosis, risk prediction, and medication adherence. A key finding from this review is that AI models can serve as complementary tools beside gold standard methods. However, clinical adaptation will require external validation, interoperability with electronic health records, a clinicianfriendly design, and adherence to Good Machine Learning Practice. The lack of standardized comparator methods across studies remains a key limitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"21 2","pages":"67-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13135308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropometric thoracic measurements and smoking habits in patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax: A case-control study.","authors":"Gabija Kondrataviciute, Andrej Suchomlinov, Zymantas Jagelavicius","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_95_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_95_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is the spontaneous accumulation of air in the pleural space without any obvious reason. Although PSP typically occurs in young, thin, healthy males, the chest anthropometrics in PSP remain insufficiently explored. We aim to evaluate the chest anthropometrics and smoking habits of patients with PSP compared to healthy volunteers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-eight adult male participants (38 PSP patients and 20 healthy volunteers) aged between 18 and 30 years were included. The study focused on thoracic anthropometric measurements, including body mass index (BMI), height, weight, circumference, sagittal, transverse diameters, and chest height. Smoking habits and place of residence were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed between PSP patients and healthy controls in terms of weight (70.1 ± 9.7 kg vs. 78.1 ± 12.4 kg, <i>P</i> = 0.009) and BMI (20.9 ± 2.0 vs. 23.5 ± 3.9, <i>P</i> = 0.010). In addition, significant differences in thoracic sagittal diameter during inhalation (22.3 ± 2.1 cm vs. 24.0 ± 2.5 cm, <i>P</i> = 0.007) and exhalation (19.9 ± 2.0 cm vs. 21.4 ± 2.5 cm, <i>P</i> = 0.016) and transverse diameter during inhalation (30.7 ± 2.0 cm vs. 32.0 ± 2.5 cm, <i>P</i> = 0.037) were noted. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that height, weight, and chest circumference on exhalation significantly influence PSP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PSP patients exhibit distinct thoracic anthropometric characteristics compared to healthy individuals. Although no statistically significant relationship between smoking and PSP incidence was established, a notable trend suggests that smoking may increase the risk, highlighting the need for further research on this potential association.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"21 2","pages":"89-94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13135314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: A single-center experience from the Middle East.","authors":"Sami M Bennji, B Jayakrishnan, Zamzam Al-Hashami, Raghavan Parli, Afraa Alhabsi, Issa Al Qarshoubi, Coenraad F N Koegelenberg","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_374_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_374_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endobronchial Ultrasound with Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a well-established tool in evaluating the diverse etiologies of mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The objectives of our study included the estimation of overall, diagnostic yield in different primary tumors, and identification of the factors influencing yield.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a 3-year retrospective analytical study on patients with mediastinal lymph nodes who underwent EBUS-TBNA from January 2022 to December 2024 at Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Center, Muscat, Oman. The study included only patients with complete pathological and medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 113 EBUS-TBNA done during the study period, 111 patients were included. The mean age was 60.32 ± 14.69 years. One hundred and sixty-nine nodes were sampled with 861 sampling passes for diagnostic, staging, and molecular in 71.2%, 25.2%, and 3.6%, respectively. A single station was sampled in 67.6%, with station 7 the most common (64.9%). The overall diagnostic yield was 85.6%. Yield varied significantly by primary site (<i>P</i> < 0.001); 100% in gastrointestinal, 88.6% in lung, and 81.3% in breast cancers, with malignancy diagnosed in 2 (22.2%), 29 (65.9%), and 9 (56.3%), respectively. The cytological diagnosis was reactive lymphadenopathy (27.0%), nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (21.6%), carcinoma not otherwise specified (13.5%), and granulomatous inflammation (13.5%). All type 3 nodes (11; 50%) were malignant, and all type 1 node (5; 22.7%) were benign in the 22 elastographies on patients with lung cancer (<i>P</i> < 0.001). No major complications were encountered.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EBUS-TBNA has a high diagnostic yield in mediastinal lymphadenopathy. It should be considered as the primary invasive tool for both diagnostic and staging assessment of mediastinal nodes. However, its limitations are noticeable in suspected lymphoma and molecular analysis, noting that this conclusion is limited by the small sample size.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"21 2","pages":"103-109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13135311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}