Annals of Thoracic Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Up in smoke: Identifying signs, symptoms, and risk factors of lung cancer among smokers in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Jaber S Alqahtani","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_224_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_224_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For the early detection and prevention of lung cancer, it is critical to know how smokers are aware of warning signs, symptoms, and risk factors for this disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia to evaluate the smokers' awareness of lung cancer's signs, symptoms, and risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 54% of smokers recruited (<i>n</i> = 1317) were aware of lung cancer symptoms with 56% of smokers expressing low confidence in recognizing them. The commonly missed symptoms include persistent shoulder pain (38%), prolonged cough (49%), and finger shape changes (49%). Around 73% were aware of lung cancer risk factors and the top known risk factors were smoking (75%), radon gas (65%), and air pollution (57%). Male and light smokers had higher knowledge scores of lung cancer signs and symptoms compared to female and heavy smokers (7.82 ± 4.0 vs. 6.34 ±2.9, <i>P</i> < 0.001, and 7.66 ± 3.9 vs 6.98 ± 4.0, <i>P</i> = 0.023, respectively). Furthermore, male and light smokers had significantly greater lung cancer awareness of risk factors than female and heavy smokers (<i>P</i> < 0.001). A significant positive correlation exists between the identifying signs and symptoms and knowing lung cancer risk factors (<i>r</i> = 0.71, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Heavy smokers are more likely to be unaware of lung cancer warning signs, symptoms, and risk factors than light smokers. Over 55% of smokers lacked confidence in recognizing lung cancer symptoms. Public health measures should address the specific needs of heavy and light smokers, including tailored health education initiatives considering regional and social support differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"20 3","pages":"169-175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conformity of spirometric tests with acceptability criteria and assessment of confounding factors in routine clinical practice.","authors":"Sümeyye Kodalak Cengiz, Irem Kardelen Savas, Esma Coskun, Hasibe Çigdem Erten, Sevda Sener Cömert","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_232_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_232_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spirometry is one of the basic methods used in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of respiratory disease. Spirometric test results that do not comply with international standards may be misinterpreted and lead to misdiagnosis and treatment. We aimed to assess the tests of patients that meet the \"American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) 2019\" recommendations, to identify the most common errors, and to explore patient characteristics possibly associated with failure to reach these standards.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1000 spirometries performed between January and December 2023 were randomly selected retrospectively. Spirometric maneuvers were evaluated for meeting the acceptability criteria of the ATS/ERS 2019 guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The acceptability spirometry rate was 62.5%. The most frequently unmet criterion was failure to meet any of the three ends of forced expiration at 20.7%. There was no significant difference between male and female in terms of the acceptability of maneuvers. The 45-59 and 60-74 age groups were statistically more significant than the younger and older. Smoking, diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and number of spirometry practices were significantly associated with conformity to test acceptability criteria. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) divided by the forced vital capacity, FEV1, and forced expiratory times had a statistically significant independent effect on the acceptability of spirometric maneuvers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nearly one-third of the tests performed by an experienced technician in a tertiary care hospital did not meet the acceptability criteria. Our study shows the importance of the learnability of maneuvers through repeated spirometry experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"20 3","pages":"176-182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of nitrous oxide and surgical position on endotracheal tube cuff pressure, post operative hoarseness, and sore throat; a double-blind clinical trial.","authors":"Gholamhassann Chaichi-Nosrati, Esmail Moshiri, Hesameddin Modir, Alireza Mohammadi","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_204_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_204_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitrous oxide (N₂O) and surgical position on endotracheal tube cuff (ETC) pressure, hoarseness, and sore throat (ST) after surgery under general anesthesia (GA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 212 candidates for surgery under GA. They were randomly allocated to four groups, namely a supine position group (Group S), a prone position group (Group P), a supine position and N₂O group (Group SN), and a prone position and N₂O group (Group PN). ST and hoarseness were assessed at recovery and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after surgery using a visual analog scale and a mild-to-severe scoring system, respectively. ETC pressure was also measured at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after surgery onset using an Ambu cuff pressure gauge. Moreover, the mean intraoperative propofol concentration was documented. The data were analyzed at a significance level of <0.05 and using the SPSS software (version 20.0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference among groups regarding surgery duration (<i>P</i> = 0.998), whereas ST and ETC pressure in Groups S and P were significantly less than Groups SN and PN (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Moreover, ST and ETC pressure in Group S were significantly less than the other groups (<i>P</i> = 0.001). None of the participants in Groups S and P had hoarseness, and there was a significant difference among the four groups regarding the frequency of hoarseness (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Moreover, none of the participants in Group SN needed postoperative analgesic, and there was no significant difference between Groups S and <i>P</i> regarding postoperative analgesic use (<i>P</i> = 0.998). Intraoperative propofol use in Group SN was significantly less than the other groups (<i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ETC pressure should periodically be monitored and adjusted during lengthy surgeries in prone position and N₂O anesthesia to prevent postoperative ST and hoarseness.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"20 3","pages":"153-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of table tennis combined with resistance training on the rehabilitation of patients with coronary heart disease.","authors":"Guochang Liu, Xiaoyun Zhu","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_6_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_6_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the study was to explore the influence of table tennis combined with resistance training on coronary heart disease (CHD) rehabilitation and to evaluate its potential in improving cardiopulmonary function, arterial stiffness, blood lipids, and psychological indicators in participants with CHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy patients with confirmed CHD were chosen and randomly separated into two groups, 35 cases each. The test group performed table tennis combined with resistance training, and the reference group (RG) received standard resistance training as the control group. By comparing the differences in cardiopulmonary function, arterial stiffness, sleep and diet, psychological indicators, and blood lipids between the two groups of patients, the role of table tennis combined with resistance training in CHD rehabilitation was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to the control group, participants in the table tennis exercise combined with the resistance training group had significant improvement in cardiopulmonary function (<i>P</i> < 0.05). In addition, table tennis combined with resistance training can reduce patients' arterial stiffness, improve sleep and eating habits, and reduce blood lipid levels. Relative to the RG, the data possess the statistical significance (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Finally, the psychological quality of the two groups of patients was compared. The anxiety, depression, and confrontation ability of the patients in the test group were 7.15 ± 0.39, 7.03 ± 0.29, and 6.86 ± 0.46, respectively, which were superior to the RG. The comparison among the participants of data possesses the statistical significance (<i>P</i> < 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The research results show that table tennis combined with resistance training possesses an essential influence on CHD rehabilitation. It can significantly enhance patients' cardiopulmonary function, reduce arterial stiffness, improve sleeping and eating habits, reduce blood lipid levels, and improve psychological indicators. As a low-intensity aerobic exercise, table tennis possesses an essential influence on facilitating the recovery of patients with CHD and is worthy of further promotion and application in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"20 3","pages":"160-168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic efficacy of pirfenidone and nintedanib in pulmonary fibrosis; a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yiting Qiu, Wei Ye","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_132_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_132_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This updated systematic review and meta-analysis pooled the results of previous clinical trials assessing the effects of pirfenidone and nintedanib on patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Scopus, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched from the inception to April 12, 2025, to identify randomized controlled trials measuring the effect of pirfenidone and nintedanib on pulmonary fibrosis. Because of high methodological heterogeneity, we utilized a random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird) to perform this meta-analysis. Finally, 18 articles with 20 randomized controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis. We found that compared to placebo, treatment with the two antifibrotic drugs increased forced vital capacity (FVC) predicted (weighted mean difference [WMD] 3.12%, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.41, 4.82], <i>I</i> ² = 53.30%), FVC volume (WMD 87.44 ml, 95% CI [59.32, 115.57], <i>I</i> ² = 99.4%), and the distance walked in the 6-minute walk test (WMD 24.63 m, 95% CI [16.05, 33.22], <i>I</i> ² = 0.00%). However, compared to placebo, treatment with the two antifibrotic drugs did not significantly change the diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (WMD 1.38 ml/min/mmHg, 95% CI [-9.42, 12.18], <i>I</i> ² = 0.00%). Therapeutic benefits were observed for both pirfenidone and nintedanib and for both idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-IPF. Pirfenidone and nintedanib can improve lung function and functional capacity in patients with different types of pulmonary fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"20 3","pages":"145-152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of intraoperative bleeding during thoracoscopic left lower lobectomy; an unnecessary occlusion of pulmonary artery and vein.","authors":"Dario Amore, Marcellino Cicalese, Umberto Caterino, Dino Casazza, Pasquale Imitazione, Cristiano Cesaro","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_183_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_183_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complicated hilar anatomy may be technically challenging for thoracic surgeons, especially during video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy. In such instances, to prevent hemorrhagic complications and conversion to open thoracotomy, several methods of proximal and distal vascular control have been proposed. Here, we present a technique of unnecessary occlusion of the main pulmonary artery and preserved pulmonary vein during a challenging thoracoscopic left lower lobectomy in patient with lung cancer and interlobar lymphadenopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"20 3","pages":"191-193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia: Correspondence.","authors":"Pathum Sookaromdee, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_25_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_25_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"20 3","pages":"194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of CICARE nursing communication on improvement of serum IL-10, IL-6, IL-4, IL-2 levels and lung function of patients with acute bronchitis.","authors":"Yunqin Jiang, Meili Xia, Fanghui Jiang","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_197_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_197_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of CICARE communication nursing on the improvement of serum interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interleukin-2 (IL-2) and lung function in outpatients with acute bronchitis (AB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and twenty suffers with AB who are treated in the outpatient department during Revised to 2021 to March 2023 are chosen and grouped according to the time of admission and different nursing practices. The control group consists of 60 patients from March 2021 to March 2022 who receive routine outpatient care; the experimental group consists of 60 patients from April 2022 to March 2023, and CICARE communication nursing is implemented additionally. Before and after intervention, the cognitive level of self-care knowledge, the level of peripheral blood inflammatory factors, and the improvement of lung function are compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before intervention, there were no remarkable differences in self-care knowledge cognition scores, peripheral blood inflammatory factors, and lung function levels between them (<i>P</i> > 0.05). After intervention, the cognitive scores of treatment coordination, medication method, daily attention, diet, and activity in experimental groups are superior to control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The levels of IL-10, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-2 in test groups are inferior to control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, maximum air volume, and peak flow rate in test groups are superior to control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CICARE communication nursing can improve the cognition level of self-care knowledge of patients with AB, reduce the inflammatory response of the body, and promote the recovery of lung function.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"20 3","pages":"183-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing thoracic ultrasonography in determining the characteristics of pleural fluid: Development of a novel sonographic scoring system.","authors":"Sükran Mutlu, Coşkun Doğan, Salih Küçük","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_226_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atm.atm_226_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the utility of thoracic ultrasound imaging (USI) in assessing the nature of pleural fluid (PF) using a scoring system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The files of patients who underwent thoracic USI and thoracentesis due to PF accumulation were retrospectively examined. PF sonographic patterns and pleural thicknesses were retrieved from the USI records. Based on the Light's criteria, PFs were classified into transudative PF (TPF) and exudative PF (EPF). A scoring system was established based on the sonographic patterns and pleural thickness. Sonographic scores and other clinical, radiological, and demographic characteristics of the two groups were comparatively analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 64 cases analyzed, 32 (50%) were categorized as TPF. The average pleural thickness in the TPF group was 1.4 mm. The hypoechoic sonographic pattern rate in the TPF group (75%) was significantly different from that in the EPF group (p < 0.001). A hypoechoic sonographic pattern (p = 0.002) and pleural thickness >1.5 mm (p = 0.031) were independent predictors of EPF. The scoring system demonstrated a sensitivity of 84.38% and a specificity of 75.00% for predicting EPF when the sonographic score was ≥3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thoracic USI can serve as a noninvasive method to predict the nature of PFs by combining sonographic patterns and pleural thickness.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"20 2","pages":"134-140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Asian sleep medicine fellowship training curriculum: A milestone in sleep medicine education.","authors":"Ahmed S BaHammam, Fang Han, Yuichi Inoue","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_290_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/atm.atm_290_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"20 2","pages":"87-89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}