Annual Reviews in Control最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Modeling of bio-heat transfers in lungs with fractional models 用分数模型模拟肺部的生物热传递
IF 10.7 2区 计算机科学
Annual Reviews in Control Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.101010
Enso Ndreko , Stéphane Victor , Jean-François Duhé , Pierre Melchior
{"title":"Modeling of bio-heat transfers in lungs with fractional models","authors":"Enso Ndreko ,&nbsp;Stéphane Victor ,&nbsp;Jean-François Duhé ,&nbsp;Pierre Melchior","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.101010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.101010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In cardiac surgeries, when cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (or extracorporeal circulation (ECC)) is employed, the lungs are temporarily disconnected from the body. To minimize the risk of tissue damage or respiratory complications, the lungs are subjected to mild hypothermia. Incorporating dynamic heat transfer modeling offers the potential to enhance temperature regulation through a more advanced approach.</div><div>A complex thermal model, based on a thermal two-port network, offers a wide frequency range applicability, making it suitable for modeling the human breathing frequencies. This modeling approach can also be adapted to incorporate the influence of blood flow, which serves as a natural temperature regulator in the human body. This is accomplished by combining the thermal two-port network with the bio-heat equation.</div><div>The main contributions focus on introducing distinctive and simplified approximation models for the equivalent global impedance of thermal transfer within the lungs. These models, featuring minimal parameters, manifest comparable dynamic traits in the frequency domain, akin to the attributes of the two-port network model. This progress clears the way for broader utilization across various domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101010"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From road congestion to vehicle-control enabled artificial traffic fluids 从道路拥堵到车辆控制,人工交通流体
IF 7.3 2区 计算机科学
Annual Reviews in Control Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100989
Iasson Karafyllis , Dionysios Theodosis , Markos Papageorgiou , Miroslav Krstic
{"title":"From road congestion to vehicle-control enabled artificial traffic fluids","authors":"Iasson Karafyllis ,&nbsp;Dionysios Theodosis ,&nbsp;Markos Papageorgiou ,&nbsp;Miroslav Krstic","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article provides an overview of the design of purely reactive nonlinear feedback two-dimensional Cruise Controllers (CCs) for CAVs relying on two combined principles: (a) Lane-free traffic, whereby vehicles are not bound to fixed traffic lanes; and (b) Vehicle nudging, whereby vehicles influence other vehicles in front or on the sides of them. The design of the two-dimensional CCs is based on a control Lyapunov methodology, with the considered system being subject to various state constraints, and guarantees a number of desired features, including collision avoidance and road boundary respect. Additionally, the emerging macroscopic traffic flow models are derived, and direct relations are established between selectable CC features and the resulting macroscopic traffic flow characteristics. This allows the active design of efficient traffic flow with desired properties, i.e., the construction of artificial traffic fluids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100989"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hierarchical generalized extended parameter identification for multivariable equation-error ARMA-like systems by using the filtering identification idea 基于滤波辨识思想的多变量方程误差类arma系统的层次广义扩展参数辨识
IF 7.3 2区 计算机科学
Annual Reviews in Control Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100993
Feng Ding , Ling Xu , Xiao Zhang , Huan Xu , Yihong Zhou , Xiaoli Luan
{"title":"Hierarchical generalized extended parameter identification for multivariable equation-error ARMA-like systems by using the filtering identification idea","authors":"Feng Ding ,&nbsp;Ling Xu ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Huan Xu ,&nbsp;Yihong Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Luan","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The filtering identification idea is an effective tool for handling the parameter identification of systems with colored noise. The hierarchical identification principle is an effective approach for addressing the identification of complex systems. For multivariable equation-error autoregressive moving-average-like (M-EEARMA-like) models with colored noise, which are also called multivariable controlled autoregressive autoregressive moving-average-like (M-CARARMA-like) models, this paper investigates and proposes the filtered hierarchical generalized extended stochastic gradient identification method, the filtered hierarchical multi-innovation generalized extended stochastic gradient identification method, the filtered hierarchical generalized extended recursive gradient identification method, the filtered hierarchical multi-innovation generalized extended recursive gradient identification method, the filtered hierarchical generalized extended least squares identification method, and the filtered hierarchical multi-innovation generalized extended least squares identification method by using the filtering identification idea and the hierarchical identification principle from available input–output data. These filtered hierarchical generalized extended identification methods can be extended to other linear and nonlinear multivariable stochastic systems with colored noise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100993"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predictive and robust control strategies applied to ground antenna systems 预测和鲁棒控制策略应用于地面天线系统
IF 7.3 2区 计算机科学
Annual Reviews in Control Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100995
Rodrigo Negri de Azeredo , Mohamed Hajjem , Lara Thomas , Stéphane Victor , Patrick Lanusse , Pierre Melchior
{"title":"Predictive and robust control strategies applied to ground antenna systems","authors":"Rodrigo Negri de Azeredo ,&nbsp;Mohamed Hajjem ,&nbsp;Lara Thomas ,&nbsp;Stéphane Victor ,&nbsp;Patrick Lanusse ,&nbsp;Pierre Melchior","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A mobile antenna system requires precise control that combines good trajectory tracking and disturbance rejection. The system has several operating scenarios, demanding a robust control design that ensures good performance and stability for a set of uncertain models. Moreover, ground stations are mainly outdoor operating systems, and they are subject to wind gusts that impact the accuracy of the position control. This paper presents a study using predictive control and robust controllers (CRONE and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> strategies) to assess the application feasibility of these methodologies in tracking antenna systems. The control system design of both CRONE and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> strategies are carried out in frequency domain. Time domain analysis demonstrates that both robust controllers yield very similar results, ensuring excellent stability and outstanding performances in tracking trajectory operation. The choice of control strategy ultimately depends on the designer’s expertise, software/hardware requirements, and the complexity of the system model, with an advantage of the CRONE controller in terms of robustness and practical implementation. Simulation results are validated on tracking satellite trajectories by comparing MPC, CRONE and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> controls with various robustness tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100995"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bio-inspired control strategies in wearable robotics: A comprehensive review of CPGs and DMPs 可穿戴机器人中的仿生控制策略:cpg和dmp的综合综述
IF 7.3 2区 计算机科学
Annual Reviews in Control Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100991
Joana F. Almeida , Cristina P. Santos
{"title":"Bio-inspired control strategies in wearable robotics: A comprehensive review of CPGs and DMPs","authors":"Joana F. Almeida ,&nbsp;Cristina P. Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wearable robotic devices such as exoskeletons and orthoses have undergone significant advancements over the past two decades, aiming to support human mobility in rehabilitation, daily life, and industrial settings. Central to their effectiveness is the implementation of control strategies that generate smooth, adaptive, and user-synchronized movements. Among these, bio-inspired approaches that emulate neural and motor mechanisms of human locomotion have gained increasing attention.</div><div>This review presents a comprehensive analysis of two prominent bio-inspired control frameworks – Central Pattern Generators (CPGs) and Dynamic Movement Primitives (DMPs) – implemented in wearable lower-limb robotic systems. A total of 45 articles were systematically analysed to identify trends and challenges in their application.</div><div>The review examines the purposes of these controllers, the joints and degrees of freedom addressed, the sensors employed, the structural characteristics of each approach, the integration of sensory feedback and intention decoding, the tracking controllers used, and the validation methodologies adopted.</div><div>The findings reveal that CPGs and DMPs are primarily adopted for generating adaptive joint trajectories, enabling stable, rhythmic, and responsive locomotion. Their flexibility allows for encoding motion patterns that adapt to user-specific and task-specific requirements. However, challenges such as parameter tuning, integration of sensory feedback, real-time intention decoding, and validation robustness remain open issues.</div><div>This work highlights the potential of CPG- and DMP-based strategies to enhance the autonomy, safety, and personalization of wearable robots and provides future research directions to address their current limitations and improve their practical applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100991"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From PID to PIDD2α: Performance improvement with a fractional double derivative action 从PID到PIDD2α:分数阶双导数作用下的性能改进
IF 7.3 2区 计算机科学
Annual Reviews in Control Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.101006
Marco Milanesi , Antonio Visioli , YangQuan Chen
{"title":"From PID to PIDD2α: Performance improvement with a fractional double derivative action","authors":"Marco Milanesi ,&nbsp;Antonio Visioli ,&nbsp;YangQuan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.101006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.101006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper analyzes the performance achievable by means of PIDD<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>α</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> controllers, that is, PID controllers with an additional fractional double derivative action. In particular, the performance obtained with an optimized tuning of the parameters is compared with those of standard PID controllers, of fractional-order PID (FOPID) controllers and of Proportional–Integral–Double-Derivative (PIDD or PIDD<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>) controllers. In all the cases the parameters are determined by minimizing the integrated absolute error either in the set-point or load disturbance step response, with a constraint on the maximum sensitivity. A wide set of benchmark processes (both self and non self-regulating) are considered so that general conclusions about the impact that these controllers can have in the process industry can be drawn.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 101006"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling, analysis and experimental observations of fat volume properties in compartmental models for drug pharmacokinetics 药物药代动力学室室模型中脂肪体积特性的建模、分析和实验观察
IF 7.3 2区 计算机科学
Annual Reviews in Control Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100996
Amani R. Ynineb , Bouchra Khoumeri , Erhan Yumuk , Bora Ayvaz , Ghada Ben Othman , Clara M. Ionescu , Dana Copot
{"title":"Modeling, analysis and experimental observations of fat volume properties in compartmental models for drug pharmacokinetics","authors":"Amani R. Ynineb ,&nbsp;Bouchra Khoumeri ,&nbsp;Erhan Yumuk ,&nbsp;Bora Ayvaz ,&nbsp;Ghada Ben Othman ,&nbsp;Clara M. Ionescu ,&nbsp;Dana Copot","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2025.100996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drug related dynamic uptake, clearance and anomalous diffusion patterns are dependent of biological tissue composition. Of particular importance is the fat volume, where drug trapping occurs in long term usage and related to lipophilic properties of drugs and non-homogeneous mixing. This paper introduces three probable drug pathways from fat volumes to augmented compartments, herein called trap volumes. In silico validation by using patient simulators with body mass index larger than 25. A non-homogeneous drug diffusion in biological tissue was considered using the partial-Caputo fractional-order compartmental model. To understand the effects in potential monitoring and sensing data information systems, an experiment has been proposed for in vitro impedance spectroscopy of fat samples. Variability with fat volume in observed data confirms the fractional-order characteristics that support theoretical model assumptions. A discussion section provides the implications for control of drug delivery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100996"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Survey of distributed algorithms for resource allocation over multi-agent systems 多智能体系统资源分配的分布式算法综述
IF 7.3 2区 计算机科学
Annual Reviews in Control Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2024.100983
Mohammadreza Doostmohammadian , Alireza Aghasi , Mohammad Pirani , Ehsan Nekouei , Houman Zarrabi , Reza Keypour , Apostolos I. Rikos , Karl H. Johansson
{"title":"Survey of distributed algorithms for resource allocation over multi-agent systems","authors":"Mohammadreza Doostmohammadian ,&nbsp;Alireza Aghasi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Pirani ,&nbsp;Ehsan Nekouei ,&nbsp;Houman Zarrabi ,&nbsp;Reza Keypour ,&nbsp;Apostolos I. Rikos ,&nbsp;Karl H. Johansson","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2024.100983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2024.100983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resource allocation and scheduling in multi-agent systems present challenges due to complex interactions and decentralization. This survey paper provides a comprehensive analysis of distributed algorithms for addressing the distributed resource allocation (DRA) problem over multi-agent systems. It covers a significant area of research at the intersection of optimization, multi-agent systems, and distributed consensus-based computing. The paper begins by presenting a mathematical formulation of the DRA problem, establishing a solid foundation for further exploration. Real-world applications of DRA in various domains are examined to underscore the importance of efficient resource allocation, and relevant distributed optimization formulations are presented. The survey then delves into existing solutions for DRA, encompassing linear, nonlinear, primal-based, and dual-formulation-based approaches. Furthermore, this paper evaluates the features and properties of DRA algorithms, addressing key aspects such as feasibility, convergence rate, and network reliability. The analysis of mathematical foundations, diverse applications, existing solutions, and algorithmic properties contributes to a broader comprehension of the challenges and potential solutions for this domain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100983"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Learning safe control for multi-robot systems: Methods, verification, and open challenges 学习多机器人系统的安全控制:方法、验证和公开挑战
IF 9.4 2区 计算机科学
Annual Reviews in Control Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2024.100948
Kunal Garg, Songyuan Zhang, Oswin So, Charles Dawson, Chuchu Fan
{"title":"Learning safe control for multi-robot systems: Methods, verification, and open challenges","authors":"Kunal Garg,&nbsp;Songyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Oswin So,&nbsp;Charles Dawson,&nbsp;Chuchu Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2024.100948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2024.100948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this survey, we review the recent advances in control design methods for robotic multi-agent systems (MAS), focusing on learning-based methods with safety considerations. We start by reviewing various notions of safety and liveness properties, and modeling frameworks used for problem formulation of MAS. Then we provide a comprehensive review of learning-based methods for safe control design for multi-robot systems. We start with various shielding-based methods, such as safety certificates, predictive filters, and reachability tools. Then, we review the current state of control barrier certificate learning in both a centralized and distributed manner, followed by a comprehensive review of multi-agent reinforcement learning with a particular focus on safety. Next, we discuss the state-of-the-art verification tools for the correctness of learning-based methods. Based on the capabilities and the limitations of the state-of-the-art methods in learning and verification for MAS, we identify various broad themes for open challenges: how to design methods that can achieve good performance along with safety guarantees; how to decompose single-agent-based centralized methods for MAS; how to account for communication-related practical issues; and how to assess transfer of theoretical guarantees to practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 100948"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140187916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nonparametric adaptive control in native spaces: A DPS framework (Part I) 原生空间中的非参数自适应控制:DPS 框架(第一部分)
IF 7.3 2区 计算机科学
Annual Reviews in Control Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2024.100969
Andrew J. Kurdila , Andrea L’Afflitto , John A. Burns , Haoran Wang
{"title":"Nonparametric adaptive control in native spaces: A DPS framework (Part I)","authors":"Andrew J. Kurdila ,&nbsp;Andrea L’Afflitto ,&nbsp;John A. Burns ,&nbsp;Haoran Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2024.100969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2024.100969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This two-part work presents a novel theory for model reference adaptive control (MRAC) of deterministic nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that contain functional, nonparametric uncertainties that reside in a native space. The approach is unique in that it relies on interpreting the closed-loop control problem for the ODE as a simple type of distributed parameter system (DPS), from which implementable controllers are subsequently derived. A thorough comparative analysis between the proposed framework and classical MRAC is performed. The limiting distributed parameter system, which underlies the proposed adaptive control framework, is derived and discussed in detail in this first part of the paper. The second part of this work will detail numerous finite-dimensional implementations of the proposed native space-based approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100969"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信