{"title":"Synchronization and pinning control of stochastic coevolving networks","authors":"Fabio Della Rossa , Pietro De Lellis","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Network dynamical systems are often characterized by the interlaced evolution of the node and edge dynamics, which are driven by both deterministic and stochastic factors. This manuscript offers a general mathematical model of coevolving network, which associates a state variable to each node and edge in the network, and describes their evolution through coupled stochastic differential equations. We study the emergence of synchronization, be it spontaneous or induced by a pinning control action, and provide sufficient conditions for local and global convergence. We enable the use of the Master Stability Function approach for studying coevolving networks, thereby obtaining conditions for almost sure local exponential convergence, whereas global conditions are derived using a Lyapunov-based approach. The theoretical results are then leveraged to design synchronization and pinning control protocols in two select applications. In the first one, the edge dynamics are tailored to induce spontaneous synchronization, whereas in the second the pinning edges are activated/deactivated and their weights modulated to drive the network towards the pinner’s trajectory in a distributed fashion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 147-160"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54182229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fractional cyber-neural systems — A brief survey","authors":"Emily Reed , Sarthak Chatterjee , Guilherme Ramos , Paul Bogdan , Sérgio Pequito","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neurotechnology has made great strides in the last 20 years. However, we still have a long way to go to commercialize many of these technologies as we lack a unified framework to study cyber-neural systems (CNS) that bring the hardware, software, and the neural system together. Dynamical systems play a key role in developing these technologies as they capture different aspects of the brain and provide insight into their function. Converging evidence suggests that fractional-order dynamical systems are advantageous in modeling neural systems because of their compact representation and accuracy in capturing the long-range memory exhibited in neural behavior. In this brief survey, we provide an overview of fractional CNS that entails fractional-order systems in the context of CNS. In particular, we introduce basic definitions required for the analysis and synthesis of fractional CNS, encompassing system identification, state estimation, and closed-loop control. Additionally, we provide an illustration of some applications in the context of CNS and draw some possible future research directions. Advancements in these three areas will be critical in developing the next generation of CNS, which will, ultimately, improve people’s quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 386-408"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83005483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"State estimation of the Stefan PDE: A tutorial on design and applications to polar ice and batteries","authors":"Shumon Koga , Miroslav Krstic","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The Stefan PDE system is a representative model for thermal phase change phenomena, such as melting and solidification, arising in numerous science and </span>engineering processes<span><span>. The mathematical description is given by a Partial Differential Equation (PDE) of the </span>temperature distribution defined on a spatial interval with a moving boundary, where the boundary represents the liquid–solid interface and its dynamics are governed by an Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE). The PDE–ODE coupling at the boundary is nonlinear and creates a significant challenge for state estimation with provable convergence and robustness.</span></p><p>This tutorial article presents a state estimation method based on PDE backstepping for the Stefan system, using measurements only at the moving boundary. PDE backstepping observer design generates an observer gain by employing a Volterra transformation of the observer error state into a desirable target system, solving a Goursat-form PDE for the transformation’s kernel, and performing a Lyapunov analysis of the target observer error system.</p><p>The observer is applied to models of problems motivated by climate change and the need for renewable energy storage: a model of polar ice dynamics and a model of charging and discharging in lithium-ion batteries. The numerical results for polar ice demonstrate a robust performance of the designed estimator with respect to the unmodeled salinity effect in sea ice. The results for an electrochemical PDE model of a lithium-ion battery with a phase transition material show the elimination of more than 15 % error in State-of-Charge estimate within 5 min even in the presence of sensor noise.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 199-223"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78212776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raphael Schmetterling, Thiago B. Burghi, Rodolphe Sepulchre
{"title":"Adaptive conductance control","authors":"Raphael Schmetterling, Thiago B. Burghi, Rodolphe Sepulchre","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neuromodulation is central to the adaptation and robustness of animal nervous systems. This paper explores the classical paradigm of indirect adaptive control to design neuromodulatory controllers in conductance-based neuronal models. The adaptive control of maximal conductance parameters is shown to provide a methodology aligned with the central concepts of neuromodulation in physiology and of impedance control in robotics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 352-362"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367578822000918/pdfft?md5=7c4e25568c495ecef257b84e613d3d72&pid=1-s2.0-S1367578822000918-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86171219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew F. Singh , Michael W. Cole , Todd S. Braver , ShiNung Ching
{"title":"Developing control-theoretic objectives for large-scale brain dynamics and cognitive enhancement","authors":"Matthew F. Singh , Michael W. Cole , Todd S. Braver , ShiNung Ching","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of technologies for brain stimulation provides a means for scientists and clinicians to directly actuate the brain and nervous system. Brain stimulation has shown intriguing potential in terms of modifying particular symptom clusters in patients and behavioral characteristics of subjects. The stage is thus set for optimization of these techniques and the pursuit of more nuanced stimulation objectives, including the modification of complex cognitive functions such as memory and attention. Control theory and engineering will play a key role in the development of these methods, guiding computational and algorithmic strategies for stimulation. In particular, realizing this goal will require new development of frameworks that allow for controlling not only brain activity, but also latent dynamics that underlie neural computation and information processing. In the current opinion, we review recent progress in brain stimulation and outline challenges and potential research pathways associated with exogenous control of cognitive function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 363-376"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80145074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The optimization landscape of hybrid quantum–classical algorithms: From quantum control to NISQ applications","authors":"Xiaozhen Ge , Re-Bing Wu , Herschel Rabitz","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review investigates the landscapes of hybrid quantum–classical optimization algorithms that are prevalent in many rapidly developing quantum technologies, where the objective function is computed by either a natural quantum system or an engineered quantum ansatz, but the optimizer is classical. In any particular case, the nature of the underlying control landscape is fundamentally important for systematic optimization of the objective. In early studies on the optimal control of few-body dynamics, the optimizer could take full control of the relatively low-dimensional quantum systems to be manipulated. Stepping into the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, the experimentally growing computational power of the ansatz expressed as quantum hardware may bring quantum advantage over classical computers, but the classical optimizer is often limited by the available control resources. Across these different scales, we will show that the landscape’s geometry experiences morphological changes from favorable trap-free landscapes to easily trapping rugged landscapes, and eventually to barren-plateau landscapes on which the optimizer can hardly move. This unified view provides the basis for understanding classes of systems that may be readily controlled out to those with special consideration, including the difficulties and potential advantages of NISQ technologies, as well as seeking possible ways to escape traps or plateaus, in particular circumstances.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 314-323"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80374188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siyuan Liu , Ashutosh Trivedi , Xiang Yin , Majid Zamani
{"title":"Secure-by-construction synthesis of cyber-physical systems","authors":"Siyuan Liu , Ashutosh Trivedi , Xiang Yin , Majid Zamani","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Correct-by-construction synthesis is a cornerstone of the confluence of formal methods and control theory towards designing safety-critical systems. Instead of following the time-tested, albeit laborious (re)design-verify-validate loop, correct-by-construction methodology advocates the use of continual refinements of formal requirements – connected by chains of formal proofs – to build a system that assures the correctness by design. A remarkable progress has been made in scaling the scope of applicability of correct-by-construction synthesis – with a focus on cyber-physical systems that tie discrete-event control with continuous environment – to enlarge control systems by combining symbolic approaches with principled state-space reduction techniques.</p><p>Unfortunately, in the security-critical control systems, the security properties are verified <em>ex post facto</em> the design process in a way that undermines the correct-by-construction paradigm. We posit that, to truly realize the dream of correct-by-construction synthesis for security-critical systems, security considerations must take center-stage with the safety considerations. Moreover, catalyzed by the recent progress on the opacity sub-classes of security properties and the notion of hyperproperties capable of combining security with safety properties, we believe that the time is ripe for the research community to holistically target the challenge of <em>secure-by-construction</em> synthesis. This paper details our vision by highlighting the recent progress and open challenges that may serve as bricks for providing a solid foundation for secure-by-construction synthesis of cyber-physical systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 30-50"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87887966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review and descriptive investigation of the connection between bipedal locomotion and non-prehensile manipulation","authors":"Yousef Farid, Bruno Siciliano, Fabio Ruggiero","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the connection between non-prehensile manipulation, specifically juggling, and legged locomotion, focusing on biped robots. In this direction, the hybrid nature of juggler robot dynamics and biped robots, the zero moment point stability, and the non-prehensile dynamic grasping conditions are provided and analysed. The similarities between juggling actions and bipedal robot locomotion are discussed. The descriptive and mathematical analysis demonstrates many similitudes between juggler systems with cubic objects and flat-feet biped robots in throwing, catching, and stabilization phases, and between juggler actions with impact and point-feet legged robots in their switching (hybrid) dynamic behaviours. Finally, a common control framework based on the zero dynamic concept and integral sliding mode approach is proposed, and it applies to both classes of non-prehensile juggler systems and biped robots. To test the performance of the devised control system, a three-degrees-of-freedom juggler robot and a two-link walker are selected as case studies, whose simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed unified control framework for both systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 51-69"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86368731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruipeng Xi , Huaguang Zhang , Yingchun Wang , Shaoxin Sun
{"title":"Overview of the recent research progress for stability and control on random nonlinear systems","authors":"Ruipeng Xi , Huaguang Zhang , Yingchun Wang , Shaoxin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Compared with the fruitful research outcomes of stochastic nonlinear systems (</span><strong>SNSs</strong>) which are greatly popularised in recent decades, the research on stability analysis and control design for random nonlinear systems (<strong>RNSs</strong>) is just unfolding, which holds broader practical significance. This paper tries to provide the researchers who are interested in this realm with an overview as comprehensive as possible. In this paper, the fundamental and general framework of stability analysis for RNSs developed in (<span>Wu, Apr., 2015</span>) is revisited first. Then, the existing results on this subject are addressed from the perspectives of stability analysis and control design as detailed as possible based on the framework mentioned above. Next, the existing results are classified and reviewed from some specific topics and viewpoints, mainly from the class of controlled systems and the applied control schemes. Finally, the applications of the theory of RNSs are concluded briefly and a comprehensive discussion on some open problems which need future attention is presented. Nevertheless, the research outcomes on stability analysis and control design for RNSs are far from saying fruitful and systematic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 70-82"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76807167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mina Rahmani , Anita Romsdal , Fabio Sgarbossa , Jan Ola Strandhagen , Mathias Holm
{"title":"Towards smart production planning and control; a conceptual framework linking planning environment characteristics with the need for smart production planning and control","authors":"Mina Rahmani , Anita Romsdal , Fabio Sgarbossa , Jan Ola Strandhagen , Mathias Holm","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rapid advances in Industry 4.0 have the potential to transform production planning and control (PPC) through the emerging concept of smart PPC. This paper provides a visionary perspective by addressing the gap in research on how the characteristics of a company's planning environment impact on the need for, and potential benefit of, smart PPC. The paper posits that the potential of smart PPC to improve PPC performance increases with the complexity of the planning environment. A set of propositions is developed for how 12 product, market, and process variables impact on the need for smart PPC. These are operationalized into a conceptual framework that can be used as a tool by practitioners and academics to assess a company's need for smart PPC. A case study from the food sector illustrates the applicability of the framework and describes three potential applications for how four elements of smart PPC (real-time data management, dynamic production planning and re-planning, autonomous production control, and continuous learning) can be used to address key PPC challenges and open new opportunities for improving PPC. Future research should strengthen the validity and applicability of the proposed framework through additional cases across industrial sectors and carry out case studies, surveys, and structural equation modeling to investigate the specific relationship between planning environment characteristics, smart technologies, and the elements of smart PPC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"53 ","pages":"Pages 370-381"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367578822000141/pdfft?md5=8bb8a106cf68dccba0b029524a0591f0&pid=1-s2.0-S1367578822000141-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82878282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}