{"title":"Dynamically adaptive networks for integrating optimal pressure management and self-cleaning controls","authors":"Bradley Jenks , Aly-Joy Ulusoy , Filippo Pecci , Ivan Stoianov","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the problem of integrating optimal pressure management and self-cleaning controls in dynamically adaptive water distribution networks. We review existing single-objective valve placement and control problems for minimizing average zone pressure (AZP) and maximizing self-cleaning capacity (SCC). Since AZP and SCC are conflicting objectives, we formulate a bi-objective design-for-control problem where locations and operational settings of pressure control and automatic flushing valves are jointly optimized. We approximate Pareto fronts using the weighted sum scalarization method, which uses a previously developed convex heuristic to solve the sequence of parametrized single-objective problems. The resulting Pareto fronts suggest that significant improvements in SCC can be achieved for minimal trade-offs in AZP performance. Moreover, we demonstrate that a hierarchical design strategy is capable of yielding good quality solutions to both objectives. This hierarchical design considers pressure control valves first placed for the primary AZP objective, followed by automatic flushing valves placed to augment SCC conditions. In addition, we investigate an adaptive control scheme for dynamically transitioning between AZP and SCC controls. We demonstrate these control challenges on case networks with both interconnected and branched topology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 486-497"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49738924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xian-Ming Zhang , Qing-Long Han , Xiaohua Ge , Boda Ning , Bao-Lin Zhang
{"title":"Sampled-data control systems with non-uniform sampling: A survey of methods and trends","authors":"Xian-Ming Zhang , Qing-Long Han , Xiaohua Ge , Boda Ning , Bao-Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The convergence of sensing, computing, communication and control elements drives the traditional point-to-point control systems towards networked control systems<span>. Sampled-data control systems, which focus on the significant interplay between sampling and control, play a critical role in modern networked control systems, including </span></span>intelligent transportation systems<span>, smart grids, and advanced manufacturing systems<span>. This paper presents a survey of methods and trends in non-uniform sampled-data control systems, where sampling and control actions are performed in an aperiodic manner. First, some fundamental issues of both continuous- and discrete-time sampled-data control systems are discussed. Next, main methods in both continuous-time and discrete-time domains are elaborated, respectively. Then, event-triggered sampling, under which sampling is executed only when the system needs attention, is examined. Typical triggering mechanisms in the existing literature are reviewed and classified into four types according to different threshold functions. Furthermore, two applications in terms of automated vehicle platoons and islanded microgrids are provided to demonstrate that sampled-data control methods are capable to support relevant practical application scenarios. Finally, several challenging issues are envisioned to direct future research.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 70-91"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49739114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Priyank Srivastava , Rabab Haider , Vineet J. Nair , Venkatesh Venkataramanan , Anuradha M. Annaswamy , Anurag K. Srivastava
{"title":"Voltage regulation in distribution grids: A survey","authors":"Priyank Srivastava , Rabab Haider , Vineet J. Nair , Venkatesh Venkataramanan , Anuradha M. Annaswamy , Anurag K. Srivastava","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Environmental and sustainability concerns have caused a recent surge in the penetration of distributed energy resources into the power grid. This may lead to voltage violations in the distribution systems making voltage regulation more relevant than ever. Owing to this and rapid advancements in sensing, communication, and computation technologies, the literature on voltage control techniques is growing at a rapid pace in </span>distribution networks. In particular, there is a paradigm shift from traditional offline centralized approaches to distributed ones leveraging increased and varied types of actuators, real-time sensing, fast and efficient computations, and an overall distributed situational awareness. This paper reviews state-of-the-art voltage control algorithms, summarizes the underlying methods, and classifies their coordination mechanisms into local, centralized, distributed, and decentralized. The underlying solution methodologies are further classified into two categories, open-loop and feedback-based. Two specific example workflows are provided to illustrate these solutions for voltage regulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 165-181"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49739350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extremum seeking for infinite-dimensional systems","authors":"Tiago Roux Oliveira , Miroslav Krstic","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.100908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.100908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The last year was the centennial of the 1922 invention, in the context of maximizing the power transfer to an electric tram car, of the method for real-time model-free optimization called extremum seeking (ES). Forgotten after a few decades of practical use and attempts at theoretical study, ES returned to life when the stability of its operation for not only static input–output maps but for dynamic systems modeled by general nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) was proven in 1997. Then it is natural to ask “why limit the use and the theoretical advances of ES to ODE systems?” So many—if not the majority of physical systems—involve delays or are modeled by partial differential equations (PDEs); why not pursue the application of ES in the presence of delays and for PDE systems? With this tutorial paper, we show a small portion of the vast space of possibilities of designing ES algorithms for infinite-dimensional systems governed by transport hyperbolic PDEs as well as diffusion parabolic PDEs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100908"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135455294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandre Sanfelici Bazanella , Lucíola Campestrini , Diego Eckhard
{"title":"The data-driven approach to classical control theory","authors":"Alexandre Sanfelici Bazanella , Lucíola Campestrini , Diego Eckhard","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.100906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.100906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A data-driven approach to control design has been developing, since the early 1990’s, upon the concepts and the methods of classical control theory; to this approach we refer as <em>data-driven classical control</em>. This is now a consolidated theory, with a large body of methods and a great number of applications. In this paper we present a survey of these developments along the past three decades. The theory is overviewed, various methods are described, their applications are illustrated and some issues that are sill open for future research are discussed. The extension of these concepts to the design of nonlinear controllers is an emerging and promising subject that is also discussed, and it is shown how it can be approached by the theory of geometric control and the tools of machine learning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100906"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49740188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuel Oliveira , André B. Leal , Marcelo Teixeira , Yuri K. Lopes
{"title":"A classification of cybersecurity strategies in the context of Discrete Event Systems","authors":"Samuel Oliveira , André B. Leal , Marcelo Teixeira , Yuri K. Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.100907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.100907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, cybersecurity has received increasing attention due to the demand from a large class of networked systems for resilience against cyberattacks that may compromise privacy, integrity and availability. Many of these systems are abstracted as Discrete Event Systems (DES) as their evolution occurs through the occurrence of discrete events. Since they use communication networks and consequently may be vulnerable to attacks, cybersecurity must be considered in DES. Based on this challenging scenario, this work focuses on cybersecurity strategies in the context of DES. A systematic literature mapping (SLM) was carried out, which selected 208 papers on the aforementioned topic. These papers were analyzed and categorized regarding the characteristics of each cybersecurity strategy, the types of attacks considered and also the modeling formalism used. The primary objective of this work is to collect all relevant research in the literature to provide the state of the art on cybersecurity strategies for DES, as well as identify research trends and directions for future work on the topic. The results show that the majority of the selected papers present cybersecurity methods based on the strategy of protecting systems against passive attacks, using automata as the modeling formalism. In contrast, the topic of active attacks has gained attention in recent years, with an increasing number of papers published in several journals and conferences. Finally, research gaps and challenges are presented to provide future directions in the domain of the cybersecurity of DES.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100907"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49740203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Composite adaptation and learning for robot control: A survey","authors":"Kai Guo , Yongping Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Composite adaptation and learning techniques were initially proposed for improving parameter convergence in adaptive control and have generated considerable research interest in the last three decades, inspiring numerous robot control applications. The key idea is that more sources of parametric information are applied to drive parameter estimates aside from trajectory tracking errors. Both composite adaptation and learning can ensure superior stability and performance. However, composite learning possesses a unique feature in that online data memory is fully exploited to extract parametric information such that parameter convergence can be achieved without a stringent condition termed persistent excitation. In this article, we provide the first systematic and comprehensive survey of prevalent composite adaptation and learning approaches for robot control, especially focusing on exponential parameter convergence. Composite adaptation is classified into regressor-filtering composite adaptation and error-filtering composite adaptation, and composite learning is classified into discrete-data regressor extension and continuous-data regressor extension. For the sake of clear presentation and better understanding, a general class of robotic systems is applied as a unifying framework to show the motivation, synthesis, and characteristics of each parameter estimation method for adaptive robot control. The strengths and deficiencies of all these methods are also discussed sufficiently. We have concluded by suggesting possible directions for future research in this area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 279-290"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49762796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the variable structure control approach with sliding modes to robust finite-time consensus problems: A methodological overview based on nonsmooth analysis","authors":"A. Pilloni, M. Franceschelli, A. Pisano, E. Usai","doi":"10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2023.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When controlling cyber–physical systems via consensus algorithms, the robustness issue is of paramount importance because of model mismatching and/or disturbances that generally modify the Laplacian flow dynamics associated to the overall network, compromising the possibility to achieve any expected, orchestrated emergent behavior. To face this issue, the Variable Structure Control (VSC) approach has recently been shown to be an effective tool in designing control protocols over networks, providing robustness and often yielding finite-time convergence. Moreover, VSC further enables the decoupling of simultaneous control objectives where reaching a consensus state is only part of a more complex task, for instance as it happens in distributed optimization. Thus motivated, this paper overviews, from a tutorial perspective, some selected recent advances in the application of VSC with Sliding Modes to design robust consensus controllers in both the leader-less and the leader-following settings. Efforts are also made to unify the notation and to discuss the theoretical foundations of the nonsmooth analysis tools at the basis of their design for a wide readership unfamiliar with these problems and formal tools. To this aim, examples supporting the treatment, and numerical simulations, are given and discussed in detail. Finally, hints for future investigations along with some current open problems are provided.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50750,"journal":{"name":"Annual Reviews in Control","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 338-355"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49762811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}