Behavioural Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Cognitive and Psychiatric Functioning in People With Cushing's Disease in Biochemical Remission and People With Nonfunctioning Adenomas.","authors":"Mary A Fernandes, Sabrina D Hickle, Suzanne Penna, Adriana G Ioachimescu, Erin B Tone","doi":"10.1155/2024/4393169","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/4393169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People with Cushing's disease (CD) often experience both mood/anxiety disorders and cognitive impairments that persist during long-term biochemical remission. The relationship between persistent neurocognitive and psychiatric problems in patients with CD is not well understood. Also, mechanisms other than hypercortisolism are poorly understood, and studies comparing CD with nonfunctioning adenomas (NFA) patients postoperatively are scarce. We compared neuropsychological functioning in two groups: individuals with CD in remission (<i>n</i> = 20; 80% female; 61.6 [44.13] months since remission) and individuals with NFAs (<i>n</i> = 20). Evaluation was performed, on average, 4.9 years following pituitary surgery. We used mediation models to evaluate psychiatric dysfunction as a possible mediator of cognitive outcomes and assessed the influence of demographic and medical factors (age at diagnosis, remission duration, and radiation therapy) on neuropsychological outcomes. Neuropsychological outcomes did not differ significantly between groups; however, up to 30% of patients demonstrated mild impairments in attention, processing speed, executive functioning, and visual memory. Time since remission in the CD group was inversely correlated with processing speed; however, this relationship was no longer significant after controlling for the presence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Levels of anxiety, depression, or somatization were reported in up to 40% of people with CD. Further, 70% of people with CD and 35% of people with NFA reported continuous depressive symptoms lasting at least 2 years. In conclusion, neuropsychological screening in clinical practice and longitudinal studies in individuals with NFA and CD are needed to identify patients at risk for long-term neuropsychological dysfunction. Appropriate support and treatment are recommended for persistent cognitive and/or psychiatric dysfunction for both patient groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":50733,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Neurology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4393169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Dietary Fiber and the Severity of Depression Symptoms.","authors":"Yi Yang, Lubo Shi, Shihan Zeng, Chuyan Chen","doi":"10.1155/2024/5510304","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5510304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Our study is aimed at exploring the correlation between consumption of dietary fiber and the severity of depression symptoms. <b>Methods:</b> This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning from 2007 to 2018, employing a cross-sectional design. The relationship between the severity of depression symptoms and intake of total cereals, vegetables, and fruits dietary fiber was assessed using both univariate and multivariate linear/logistic regression analyses. Stratified analyses were conducted based on hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cancer or malignancy, and cardiovascular disease. <b>Results:</b> This study included 28,852 participants who were classified into 21,696 with nondepression symptoms, 4614 with mild depression symptoms, 1583 with moderate depression symptoms, 684 with moderately severe depression symptoms, and 275 with severe depression symptoms. After adjusting all confounding factors, we observed a negative correlation between total dietary fiber and depression symptoms (beta = -0.004, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: -0.006, -0.002). Taking nondepression symptoms as a reference, total dietary fiber was found to have an inverse association with moderate (OR = 0.976, 95% CI: 0.962-0.991), moderately severe (OR = 0.963, 95% CI: 0.938-0.990), and severe depression symptoms (OR = 0.960, 95% CI: 0.921-1.001; marginal significance), respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> The intakes of total dietary fibers might be related to moderate/moderately severe/severe depression symptoms, and a negative association was shown between total dietary fiber intakes and the risk of depression symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":50733,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Neurology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5510304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11535533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences in Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation Alterations in Healthy Volunteers by Acupuncture on Left \"LI 15\": A Resting-State fMRI Study.","authors":"Guoyan Li, Yinghua Jing, Jing Ren, Song Cui, Ding Yu","doi":"10.1155/2024/3986094","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/3986094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study is aimed at evaluating gender differences in neural activity change response to the acupuncture on left <i>Jianyu</i> (LI 15) in healthy volunteers. <b>Methods:</b> Forty healthy volunteers (20 males and 20 females) received 20-min acupuncture on left LI 15 and underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans before and after acupuncture. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in the 0.01-0.08 Hz range were determined for both scans. Paired <i>t</i>-tests were performed on ALFF between two scans separately for the male and female groups to identify neural changes related to acupuncture. <b>Results:</b> After acupuncture, males showed significantly increased ALFF in the left cerebellum and right angular gyrus but decreased ALFF in the left precentral gyrus, left inferior occipital gyrus, and right fusiform gyrus. However, the ALFF change in females is almost negligible. <b>Conclusions:</b> Brain functional activity in response to acupuncture on left LI 15 is noticeably different between males and females. This is preliminary evidence that gender may be an important factor for optimal clinically personalized acupuncture therapy for poststroke shoulder pain in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":50733,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Neurology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3986094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11535430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Brain Tissue of APP/PS1 Double Transgenic AD Mice by Regulating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway to Improve Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Meijia Cheng, Changbin Yuan, Yetao Ju, Yongming Liu, Baorui Shi, Yali Yang, Sian Jin, Xiaoming He, Li Zhang, Dongyu Min","doi":"10.1155/2024/5698119","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5698119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The objective of the study is to investigate whether quercetin ameliorates Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice and its hypothesized mechanism, contributing to the comprehension of AD pathogenesis. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 30 APP/PS1 transgenic mice were randomized into model group (APP/PS1), quercetin group (APP/PS1+Q), and donepezil hydrochloride group (APP/PS1+DON). Simultaneously, there were 10 C57 mice of the same age served as a control group. Three months posttreatment, the effects of quercetin on AD mice were evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM) test, Y maze experiment, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. <b>Results:</b> Results from the water maze and Y maze indicated that quercetin significantly improved cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 transgenic AD mice. Additionally, serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results demonstrated that quercetin elevated MDA, superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, GSH, acetylcholine (ACh), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels in AD mice. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Nissl staining, and hippocampal tissue thioflavine staining revealed that quercetin reduced neuronal damage and A<i>β</i> protein accumulation in AD mice. Western blot validated protein expression in the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/HO-1 pathway associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis, confirming quercetin's potential molecular mechanism of enhancing AD mouse cognition. Furthermore, western blot findings indicate that quercetin significantly alters protein expression in the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Moreover, molecular docking analysis suggests that Keap1, NQO1, HO-1, caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins in the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway may be potential regulatory targets of quercetin. These findings will provide a molecular basis for quercetin's clinical application in AD treatment. <b>Conclusion:</b> Quercetin can improve cognitive impairment and AD-like pathology in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice, potentially related to quercetin's activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and reduction of cell apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50733,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Neurology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5698119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11374423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optogenetics Neuromodulation of the Nose.","authors":"Feng Xiang, Shipeng Zhang, Mi Tang, Peijia Li, Hui Zhang, Jiahui Xiong, Qinxiu Zhang, Xinrong Li","doi":"10.1155/2024/2627406","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/2627406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently developed optogenetic technology, which allows high-fidelity control of neuronal activity, has been applied to investigate the neural circuits underlying sensory processing and behavior. The nasal cavity is innervated by the olfactory nerve and trigeminal nerve, which are closely related to common symptoms of rhinitis, such as impairment of smell, itching, and sneezing. The olfactory system has an amazing ability to distinguish thousands of odorant molecules at trace levels. However, there are many issues in olfactory sensing mechanisms that need to be addressed. Optogenetics offers a novel technical approach to solve this dilemma. Therefore, we review the recent advances in olfactory optogenetics to clarify the mechanisms of chemical sensing, which may help identify the mechanism of dysfunction and suggest possible treatments for impaired smell. Additionally, in rhinitis patients, alterations in the other nerve (trigeminal nerve) that innervates the nasal cavity can lead to hyperresponsiveness to various nociceptive stimuli and central sensitization, causing frequent and persistent itching and sneezing. In the last several years, the application of optogenetics in regulating nociceptive receptors, which are distributed in sensory nerve endings, and amino acid receptors, which are distributed in vital brain regions, to alleviate overreaction to nociceptive stimuli, has gained significant attention. Therefore, we focus on the progress in optogenetics and its application in neuromodulation of nociceptive stimuli and discuss the potential clinical translation for treating rhinitis in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":50733,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Neurology","volume":"2024 ","pages":"2627406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11335419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal Brain Tumor Classification Using Convolutional Tumnet Architecture","authors":"M. Padma Usha, G. Kannan, M. Ramamoorthy","doi":"10.1155/2024/4678554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4678554","url":null,"abstract":"The most common and aggressive tumor is brain malignancy, which has a short life span in the fourth grade of the disease. As a result, the medical plan may be a crucial step toward improving the well-being of a patient. Both diagnosis and therapy are part of the medical plan. Brain tumors are commonly imaged with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and computed tomography (CT). In this paper, multimodal fused imaging with classification and segmentation for brain tumors was proposed using the deep learning method. The MRI and CT brain tumor images of the same slices (308 slices of meningioma and sarcoma) are combined using three different types of pixel-level fusion methods. The presence/absence of a tumor is classified using the proposed Tumnet technique, and the tumor area is found accordingly. In the other case, Tumnet is also applied for single-modal MRI/CT (561 image slices) for classification. The proposed Tumnet was modeled with 5 convolutional layers, 3 pooling layers with ReLU activation function, and 3 fully connected layers. The first-order statistical fusion metrics for an average method of MRI-CT images are obtained as SSIM tissue at 83%, SSIM bone at 84%, accuracy at 90%, sensitivity at 96%, and specificity at 95%, and the second-order statistical fusion metrics are obtained as the standard deviation of fused images at 79% and entropy at 0.99. The entropy value confirms the presence of additional features in the fused image. The proposed Tumnet yields a sensitivity of 96%, an accuracy of 98%, a specificity of 99%, normalized values of the mean of 0.75, a standard deviation of 0.4, a variance of 0.16, and an entropy of 0.90.","PeriodicalId":50733,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Neurology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141192318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnout and Life Satisfaction among Healthcare Workers Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic (Silesia, Poland)","authors":"Daria Łaskawiec-Żuławińska, Mateusz Grajek, Karolina Krupa-Kotara, Patryk Szlacheta, Hasan Karacan, Mateusz Roszak, Beata Łabuz-Roszak, Ilona Korzonek-Szlacheta","doi":"10.1155/2024/9945392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9945392","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;i&gt;Background&lt;/i&gt;. The phenomenon of burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic is a widespread problem with several negative consequences for the healthcare system. The many stressors of the pandemic have led to an increased development of anxiety and depressive disorders in many healthcare workers. In addition, some manifested symptoms of the so-called postpandemic stress syndrome and the emergence of occupational burnout syndrome, commonly referred to as “COVID-19 burnout.” The aim of this study was to assess the burnout and life satisfaction of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. &lt;i&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/i&gt;. The study was conducted in 2020-2022 among medical staff working in hospitals in Silesia, Poland. The instruments used to assess life satisfaction and burnout were the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which assesses three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DEP), and sense of reduced professional accomplishment (SRPA). &lt;i&gt;Results&lt;/i&gt;. The study group included 900 participants. There were 300 physicians (mean age &lt;span&gt;&lt;svg height=\"8.69875pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.3499298pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 23.017 8.69875\" width=\"23.017pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.24,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.386,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;svg height=\"8.69875pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.3499298pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"25.872183800000002 -8.34882 6.438 8.69875\" width=\"6.438pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.922,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/span&gt; years), 300 nurses (mean age &lt;span&gt;&lt;svg height=\"8.69875pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.3499298pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 23.017 8.69875\" width=\"23.017pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#g113-52\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.24,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,15.386,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#g117-37\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;svg height=\"8.69875pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.3499298pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"25.872183800000002 -8.34882 6.438 8.69875\" width=\"6.438pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.922,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/span&gt; years), and 300 paramedics (mean age &lt;span&gt;&lt;svg height=\"8.69875pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.3499298pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 23.017 8.69875\" width=\"23.017pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#g113-52\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.24,0","PeriodicalId":50733,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Neurology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140830902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Potential Clusters of Signs and Symptoms to Prioritize Patients’ Eligibility for AADCd Screening by 3-OMD Testing: An Italian Delphi Consensus","authors":"Carlotta Spagnoli, Roberta Battini, Filippo Manti, Duccio Maria Cordelli, Andrea Pession, Melissa Bellini, Andrea Bordugo, Gaetano Cantalupo, Antonella Riva, Pasquale Striano, Marco Spada, Francesco Porta, Carlo Fusco","doi":"10.1155/2024/1023861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1023861","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Introduction</i>. AADCd is an ultrarare, underdiagnosed neurometabolic disorder for which a screening test (3-OMD dosing on dried blood spot (DBS)) and targeted gene therapy (authorized in the EU and the UK) are available. Therefore, it is mandatory to raise awareness of presenting symptoms and signs among practitioners. Delivering scientifically sound information to promote screening of patients with the correct cluster of symptoms and signs would be critical. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. In light of the lack of sound evidence on this issue, expert opinion level of evidence was elicited with the Delphi method. Fourteen steering committee members invited a panel of 29 Italian experts to express their opinions on a series of crucial but controversial topics related to using 3-OMD DBS as a screening method in AADCd. Clusters of symptoms and signs were divided into typical or atypical, depending on age groups. Inclusion in newborn screening programs and the usefulness of a clinical score were investigated. A five-point Likert scale was used to rate the level of priority attributed to each statement. <i>Results</i>. The following statements reached the highest priority: testing pediatric patients with hypotonia, developmental delay, movement disorders, and oculogyric crises; inclusion of 3-OMD dosing on DBS in neonatal screening programs; development of a clinical score to support patients’ selection for 3-OMD screening; among atypical phenotypes based on clinical characteristics of Italian patients: testing patients with intellectual disability and parkinsonism-dystonia. <i>Discussion</i>. Clusters of symptoms and signs can be used to prioritize testing with 3-OMD DBS. A clinical score was rated as highly relevant for the patient’s selection. The inclusion of 3-OMD dosing in newborn screening programs was advocated with high clinical priority.","PeriodicalId":50733,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Neurology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140598060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing an OCD Model in BALB/c Mice Using RU24969: A Molecular and Behavioural Study of Optimal Dose Selection","authors":"Fatima Salloum, Mohamad Farran, Houssam Shaib, Abdo Jurjus, Roni Sleiman, Mahmoud I. Khalil","doi":"10.1155/2024/4504858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4504858","url":null,"abstract":"Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling disease characterized by distressing obsessions and repetitive compulsions. The etiology of OCD is poorly known, and mouse modeling allows to clarify the genetic and neurochemical basis of this disorder and to investigate potential treatments. This study evaluates the impact of the 5-HT1B agonist RU24969 on the induction of OCD-like behaviours in female BALB/c mice (<span><svg height=\"8.55521pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063904pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 17.789 8.55521\" width=\"17.789pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.158,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"8.55521pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063904pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"21.3711838 -8.34882 12.679 8.55521\" width=\"12.679pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.421,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,27.661,0)\"></path></g></svg>),</span></span> distributed across five groups receiving varying doses of RU24969. Behavioural assessments, including marble test, tail suspension test, sucrose preference test, forced swim test, and nestlet shredding test, were conducted. Gene expression and protein quantitation of Gabra1 and serotonin transporter in mouse brain were also performed. Marble-burying behaviour increased significantly at high doses of RU24969 (15-20 mg/kg). The forced swimming test consistently showed elevated values at the same high concentrations, compared to the control. Altered reward-seeking behaviour was indicated by the sucrose preference test, notably at 15 and 20 mg/kg doses of RU24969. Nestlet shredding results did not show statistical significance among the tested animal groups. Gene expression analysis revealed reduced Gabra1 expression with increasing doses of RU, while serotonin transporter was not related to varying doses of RU24969. Western blotting corroborated these trends. The results underscore complex interactions between the serotonin system, GABAergic signaling, and OCD-relevant behaviours and suggest the use of intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg of RU24969 to induce OCD-like behaviour in BALB/c mouse models.","PeriodicalId":50733,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Neurology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140302925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Pain: A Narrative Review from Pain Assessment to Therapy","authors":"Vincenzo Pota, Pasquale Sansone, Sara De Sarno, Caterina Aurilio, Francesco Coppolino, Manlio Barbarisi, Francesco Barbato, Marco Fiore, Gianluigi Cosenza, Maria Beatrice Passavanti, Maria Caterina Pace","doi":"10.1155/2024/1228194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1228194","url":null,"abstract":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most frequent neurodegenerative disease of the motor system that affects upper and lower motor neurons, leading to progressive muscle weakness, spasticity, atrophy, and respiratory failure, with a life expectancy of 2–5 years after symptom onset. In addition to motor symptoms, patients with ALS have a multitude of nonmotor symptoms; in fact, it is currently considered a multisystem disease. The purpose of our narrative review is to evaluate the different types of pain, the correlation between pain and the disease’s stages, the pain assessment tools in ALS patients, and the available therapies focusing above all on the benefits of cannabis use. Pain is an underestimated and undertreated symptom that, in the last few years, has received more attention from research because it has a strong impact on the quality of life of these patients. The prevalence of pain is between 15% and 85% of ALS patients, and the studies on the type and intensity of pain are controversial. The absence of pain assessment tools validated in the ALS population and the dissimilar study designs influence the knowledge of ALS pain and consequently the pharmacological therapy. Several studies suggest that ALS is associated with changes in the endocannabinoid system, and the use of cannabis could slow the disease progression due to its neuroprotective action and act on pain, spasticity, cramps, sialorrhea, and depression. Our research has shown high patients’ satisfaction with the use of cannabis for the treatment of spasticity and related pain. However, especially due to the ethical problems and the lack of interest of pharmaceutical companies, further studies are needed to ensure the most appropriate care for ALS patients.","PeriodicalId":50733,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Neurology","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}