Apathy in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Clinical Characteristics, Neurobiological Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies.

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Behavioural Neurology Pub Date : 2025-09-15 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1155/bn/3788122

Ozlem Totuk, Sevki Şahin

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Apathy is a prevalent yet frequently underrecognized neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by diminished motivation and reduced goal-directed behavior across multiple domains. It is strongly associated with poorer functional outcomes, increased caregiver burden, and decreased quality of life in various neuropsychiatric conditions. Despite its clinical importance, apathy remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, partly due to overlapping features with depression and cognitive impairment. This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on conceptualization, neurobiological mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, and management strategies for apathy, adopting a transdiagnostic perspective across disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, frontotemporal dementia, multiple sclerosis, and major psychiatric conditions. This review distinguishes itself by integrating subtype-based approaches, biomarker insights, and emerging digital tools, providing a framework for more precise characterization and personalized intervention. This review is based on a nonsystematic literature search conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2011 and 2025. Improved characterization and management of apathy are essential for optimizing patient outcomes, reducing caregiver burden, and guiding future research.

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神经精神疾病中的冷漠：临床特征、神经生物学机制和治疗策略。

冷漠是一种普遍但经常被忽视的神经精神综合征，其特征是在多个领域中动机减少和目标导向行为减少。在各种神经精神疾病中，它与较差的功能结局、照顾者负担增加和生活质量下降密切相关。尽管冷漠具有重要的临床意义，但它仍然没有得到充分的诊断和治疗，部分原因是它与抑郁症和认知障碍有重叠的特征。这篇叙述性综述综合了目前关于冷漠的概念化、神经生物学机制、诊断标准和管理策略的知识，采用跨诊断的观点，跨越了阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、额颞叶痴呆、多发性硬化症和主要精神疾病等疾病。这篇综述通过整合基于亚型的方法、生物标志物见解和新兴的数字工具，为更精确的表征和个性化干预提供了框架。本综述基于PubMed、Scopus和谷歌Scholar对2011年至2025年间发表的文章进行的非系统文献检索。改善冷漠的表征和管理对于优化患者预后、减轻护理人员负担和指导未来的研究至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Behavioural Neurology 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Behavioural Neurology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal which publishes original research articles, review articles and clinical studies based on various diseases and syndromes in behavioural neurology. The aim of the journal is to provide a platform for researchers and clinicians working in various fields of neurology including cognitive neuroscience, neuropsychology and neuropsychiatry. Topics of interest include: ADHD Aphasia Autism Alzheimer’s Disease Behavioural Disorders Dementia Epilepsy Multiple Sclerosis Parkinson’s Disease Psychosis Stroke Traumatic brain injury.