{"title":"Pre-eclampsia challenges and care in low and middle-income countries: Understanding diagnosis, management, and health impacts in remote and developing regions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As an example of a low- and middle-income country (LMIC), India ranks pre-eclampsia among the top three causes of maternal mortality, following haemorrhage and infections. It is one of the primary concerns for maternal and perinatal health<span> in LMICs. Many LMICs lack clear consensus and guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, including pre-eclampsia. The International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy<span> 2021 guidelines address LMIC applications, offering customisable solutions. Atypical presentations of pre-eclampsia contribute to diagnostic delays, resulting in additional adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Implementing management strategies faces challenges in both urban and rural settings. Adapting global research involving local populations is imperative, with the potential for cost-effective adoption of international guidelines. Prevention, early diagnosis, and education dissemination are essential, involving healthcare providers and advocacy initiatives. Encouraging government investment in pre-eclampsia management as a public health initiative is important. This article explores socio-economic, cultural, and legislative factors influencing the management of pre-eclampsia in LMICs, addressing emerging challenges and potential partnerships for healthcare provision.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50732,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“The Green Peace” How ICG can prevent complications in endometriosis surgery?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This literature review summarises the investigation into using Indocyanine Green (ICG) in the surgical management of </span>endometriosis<span>, focusing mainly on its application in Deep Endometriosis (DE). The study reviews the development, fluorescence characteristics, and clinical usage of ICG in enhancing the precision of identifying endometrial lesions during surgery. Emphasizing the technology's contribution to improved lesion visualisation, the paper discusses how ICG facilitates increased diagnostic accuracy, potentially reducing recurrence rates and the necessity for subsequent interventions. Additionally, it explores ICG's role in minimizing the risk of iatrogenic injuries<span>, especially in ureteral endometriosis, and its utility in surgical decision-making for rectosigmoid endometriosis by evaluating bowel perfusion. Conclusively, while acknowledging the clear benefits of ICG integration in endometriosis surgical procedures, the abstract calls for more extensive research to validate its efficacy and cost-efficiency in the broader context of endometriosis treatment.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50732,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102505"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141401974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Screening for viral hepatitis carriage","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span><span>Viral hepatitis during pregnancy is common globally. In this review, we focus on the antenatal screen for hepatitis A, B, C and E, the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B and C, and the management of hepatitis A, B, C and E during pregnancy. Neonatal timely administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and </span>hepatitis B vaccine is the cornerstone for preventing MTCT of </span>hepatitis B virus (HBV), and perinatal antiviral prophylaxis with </span>tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in mothers with positive HBeAg or HBV DNA >2 × 10</span><sup>5</sup><span> IU/ml also plays important roles in further reducing MTCT. Avoidance of risk practices in managing labor and delivery process of women with HCV<span><span> infection may be useful to reduce MTCT of HCV. Early recognition of severe hepatic injury or liver failure associated with hepatitis viruses by regular </span>liver function tests is critical to prevent maternal mortality associated with hepatitis.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50732,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endometrioma surgery: Hit with your best shot (But know when to stop)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ovarian endometriomas (OEs) are commonly detected by ultrasound in individuals affected by endometriosis. Although surgery was widely regarded in the past as the gold standard for treating OEs, especially in the case of large cysts, the surgical management of OEs remains debated. Firstly, OEs often represent the “tip of the iceberg” of underlying deep endometriosis, and this should be considered when treating OEs to ameliorate patients’ pain for focusing on the surgical objectives and providing better patient counseling. In the context of fertility care, OEs may have a detrimental effect on ovarian reserve through structural alterations, inflammatory responses, and oocyte reserve depletion. Conversely, the surgical approach may exacerbate the decline within the same ovarian reserve. While evidence suggests no improvement in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes following OE surgery, further studies are needed to understand the impact of OE surgery on spontaneous fertility. Therefore, optimal management of OEs is based on individual patient and fertility characteristics such as the woman's age, length of infertility, results of ovarian reserve tests, and surgical background. Among the available surgical approaches, cystectomy appears advantageous in terms of reduced recurrence rates, and traditionally, bipolar coagulation has been used to achieve hemostasis following this approach. Driven by concerns about the negative impact on ovarian reserve, alternative methods to obtain hemostasis include suturing the cyst bed, and novel methodologies such as CO2 laser and plasma energy have emerged as viable surgical options for OEs. In instances where sonographic OE features are non-reassuring, surgery should be contemplated to obtain tissue for histological diagnosis and rule out eventual ovarian malignancy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50732,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521693424000749/pdfft?md5=0d301360268f8831263b171bd1607df1&pid=1-s2.0-S1521693424000749-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141560564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of surgery on reproductive outcomes in women with deep endometriosis and proven presurgical infertility: Facts and controversies","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In women with proven infertility and deep endometriosis (DE), optimal management is controversial. To date, there is no clear evidence on the association between infertility and different stages of rASRM, nor is there clear guidance from leading scientific societies for surgical treatment of DE patients. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on the main databases for English-language trials describing the effectiveness of surgery for DE in patients with proven infertility; 16 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in this </span>systematic review<span> (CRD42024498888). Quantitative analysis was not possible because of the heterogeneity of the data. A descriptive summary of the results according to location of pathology, surgical technique used, and whether assisted reproductive technology (ART) was needed or not was provided.</span></p><p>A total of 947 infertile women were identified, 486 of whom became pregnant, with an average pregnancy rate of 51.3%. Our review suggests that surgery can be of valuable help in improving reproductive outcomes by improving the results of ART. It has not been possible to reach robust conclusions on the outcomes of surgery based on the location of DE because of the heterogeneity of evidence available to date.</p><p>Overall, although some data encourage first-line surgical management, further investigation is needed to determine its effective application before or after ART failure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50732,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond the surface: Does stage I-II endometriosis impact fertility? Exploring the challenges of mild disease","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Endometriosis<span> is one of the most common gynecologic conditions that women face throughout their lives. Despite advances in technology, diagnosis and treatment of this relapsing and remitting condition is still challenging for many women. This review focuses on literature pertaining to minimal/mild (stage I/II) endometriosis and its impact on fertility. The effectiveness of medical interventions to improve infertility and obstetric<span> outcomes in both natural and assisted reproductive technologies cycles remains debated. The recent ESHRE guidelines suggests that operative laparoscopy could be considered for rASRM stage I/II endometriosis as it improves ongoing pregnancy rates.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50732,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102501"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141058310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nerve-sparing surgery in deep endometriosis: Has its time come?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Nerve-sparing (NS) surgery was first introduced for the treatment of deep endometriosis<span> (DE) 20 years ago, drawing on established neuroanatomy and success from oncological applications. It aims to identify and preserve </span></span>autonomic nerve<span> fibres, reduce iatrogenic nerve injury, and minimize postoperative visceral dysfunction, without compromising the therapeutic effectiveness against endometriosis. The evolution of NS surgical techniques over the past two decades has been supported by an expanding body of literature on anatomical details, dissection techniques, and functional outcomes. Recent evidence suggests that NS surgery results in reduced postoperative voiding dysfunction (POVD). Transient POVD may be influenced by preoperative dysfunction, with parametrial infiltration being a strong </span></span>predictive factor<span> for POVD. While the benefits in bowel and sexual functions are less pronounced and consistent, NS surgery potentially prevents de novo dysfunctions in these areas. Furthermore, perioperative complication rates, effectiveness in pain relief, and fertility outcomes are reportedly on par with conventional surgery.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50732,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141393198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving management of first and second stages of labour in low- and middle-income countries","authors":"G Justus Hofmeyr , Badani Moreri-Ntshabele , Zahida Qureshi , Ndiwo Memo , Sarah Hanson , Elani Muller , Mandisa Singata-Madliki","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Labour care must balance aspirations of parents with vigilance for unanticipated calamities. The ‘on-site midwife-led primary care birth unit’ facilitates this.</p><p>The World Health Organization have replaced the traditional partograph with the ‘Labour Care Guide’. An implementation project in Botswana included the mnemonic COPE: Companion, Oral fluids, Pain relief and Eliminate the supine position. The Parto-Ma project in Tanzania used guidelines, training and support to improve childbirth outcomes. We list labour practices supported by recent evidence, and highlight new developments. Foetal macrosomia increases risk but mistaken diagnosis increases caesarean births. Obstructed labour is a complex clinical diagnosis, and is difficult to predict. For shoulder dystocia prioritise delivery of the posterior shoulder, facilitated if needed by posterior axilla sling traction. ‘Extended balloon labour induction’ with two or three Foley catheters side by side, may reduce risks associated with uterine stimulants. Bedside ultrasound may facilitate the diagnosis of cephalic malpositions and malpresentations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50732,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521693424000634/pdfft?md5=405ffdf9c4f99dbd5404d800e82d7e1b&pid=1-s2.0-S1521693424000634-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141409368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fertility preservation in women with endometriosis: Oocyte cryopreservation and other techniques","authors":"Irene Gazzo , Federica Moffa , Simone Ferrero","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, advancements in cryopreservation techniques for oocytes, embryos, and ovarian tissue have enabled offering fertility preservation (FP) options to women with endometriosis. It is recommended to always conduct specialized counselling on FP, especially before considering surgical interventions for endometriosis. The decision regarding the methods of FP, the timing, and to which women affected by endometriosis these techniques should be offered are still subjects of discussion. However, several studies suggest that it can be proposed before surgical interventions for endometriosis, particularly if the patient is undergoing mono or bilateral endometrioma surgery. The most recommended technique is ovarian stimulation, followed by oocyte cryopreservation. Nevertheless, the literature contains various studies describing FP through embryo cryopreservation or the retrieval and cryopreservation of ovarian tissue.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50732,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102503"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S152169342400049X/pdfft?md5=b451ddd7c65f867f89fc0ee3eb8238e3&pid=1-s2.0-S152169342400049X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141048936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alim Swarray-Deen , Perez Sepenu , Teresa E. Mensah , Jeff Osei-Agyapong , Promise E. Sefogah , Kwabena Appiah-Sakyi , Badreldeen Ahmed , Justin C. Konje
{"title":"Preterm birth in low-middle income Countries","authors":"Alim Swarray-Deen , Perez Sepenu , Teresa E. Mensah , Jeff Osei-Agyapong , Promise E. Sefogah , Kwabena Appiah-Sakyi , Badreldeen Ahmed , Justin C. Konje","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Preterm birth (PTB), remains a major cause of significant morbidity and mortality world-wide with about 12–15million preterm births occurring every year. Although the overall trend is decreasing, this is mainly in high-income countries (HIC). The rate remains high in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) varying on average between 10 and 12% compared to 9% in HIC. The pathogenesis of PTB is complex and multifactorial. Attempts to reduce rates that have focused on PTB as a single condition have in general been unsuccessful. However, more recent attempts to phenotype PTB have resulted in targeted preventative approaches which are yielding better results. Prevention (primary or secondary) is the only approach that has been shown to make a difference to rates of PTB. These include identifying risk factors pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy and instituting appropriate measures to address these. In LMIC, although some approaches that have been shown to be effective in some HIC are adaptable, there is a need to involve stakeholders at all levels in utilizing evidence preferrably generated in LMIC to implement strategies that are likely to reduce the rate of PTB. In this review, we focus on prevention and how to involve policy makers in the process of applying evidence into policy that would reduce PTB in LMIC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50732,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521693424000646/pdfft?md5=711c253f60bc0a63bef79ce3c7f768cf&pid=1-s2.0-S1521693424000646-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}