Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports最新文献_第2页

Surgical treatment may improve depressive and hysterical traits in temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis: Study using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 手术治疗可改善伴有海马硬化症的颞叶癫痫患者的抑郁和歇斯底里特征：使用明尼苏达多相人格量表进行的研究

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.193

Hiroyuki Otabe, Go Taniguchi, K. Iijima, Masaki Iwasaki

{"title":"Surgical treatment may improve depressive and hysterical traits in temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis: Study using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory","authors":"Hiroyuki Otabe, Go Taniguchi, K. Iijima, Masaki Iwasaki","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.193","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of surgeries on psychiatric symptoms and personality traits is not well known in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We investigated changes in personality traits with respect to postoperative seizure outcomes, etiology, side of surgery, and sex differences.Clinical information was retrospectively collected for 44 patients whose Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was examined before and 1 year after surgical treatment for drug‐resistant TLE. Postoperative changes in MMPI T‐scores were analyzed using a paired t‐test. Participants were divided into two groups based on postoperative seizure outcome, the presence or absence of hippocampal sclerosis (HS) as the etiology, side of surgery, and sex differences. The effect of these clinical factors on postoperative changes in MMPI T‐scores was evaluated using analysis of covariance (P‐values < 0.05).The hypochondria (Hs) scale decreased significantly in all patients (p = 0.022). The postoperative seizure‐free group had a significant decrease in the depression (D) scale (p = 0.037). The HS group had significant decreases in the D scale and the hysteria (Hy) scale (p = 0.016 and 0.004, respectively), and a significant increase in the masculinity‐femininity (Mf) scale (p = 0.009). No significant differences existed between the sides of surgery or sex.Depressive traits were improved in patients with postoperative seizure freedom. Depressive and hysterical traits were improved in patients with HS, which may be attributed to a reduction in anxiety and fear associated with aura. Most personality traits are not significantly changed or exacerbated by surgical treatment of TLE.","PeriodicalId":507124,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effectiveness of the mental health social worker‐led multiprofessional program in preventing long‐term hospitalization and readmission in acute psychiatric inpatients in Japan: A retrospective analysis 由心理健康社工主导的多专业项目在预防日本急性精神病住院患者长期住院和再次入院方面的效果：回顾性分析

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.192

Yuta Yanagisawa, H. Kimura, H. Komatsu, Hiroyuki Watanabe, M. Iyo

{"title":"The effectiveness of the mental health social worker‐led multiprofessional program in preventing long‐term hospitalization and readmission in acute psychiatric inpatients in Japan: A retrospective analysis","authors":"Yuta Yanagisawa, H. Kimura, H. Komatsu, Hiroyuki Watanabe, M. Iyo","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.192","url":null,"abstract":"The large number of new long‐stay (NLS) patients and high readmission rates in psychiatric hospitals are longstanding concerns in Japan despite reforms to encourage multidisciplinary support of such patients. Staffing shortages of specialists, especially mental health social workers (MHSWs), may be one of the reasons for these problems to remain unsolved.The authors examined the effectiveness of the MHSW‐centered multidisciplinary care model in preventing NLSs and rehospitalization in terms of both patient dynamics and cost by retrospective comparison of before and after program implementation.After our program was introduced, NLS was almost completely prevented. In addition, a significant decrease in readmissions of involuntarily admitted patients was also observed. On the other hand, the resulting decrease in treatment costs and hospital revenues was mismatched by an increase in personnel costs.While MHSW‐centered multidisciplinary care is effective for the community integration of patients, there are cost challenges. State policy changes are needed to resolve staffing problems, along with the introduction of appropriate indicators of community integration.","PeriodicalId":507124,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140705556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) 伴有可逆性脾脏病变的轻度脑炎/脑病（MERS）

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.191

Aki Tsuchida, Ken Sawada

{"title":"Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS)","authors":"Aki Tsuchida, Ken Sawada","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.191","url":null,"abstract":"Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is increasingly recognized as a clinicoradiological syndrome. Its etiology is diverse, encompassing a variety of triggers, including infections and metabolic abnormalities. Uniquely, MERS may present with psychiatric symptoms, such as delirium, visual hallucinations, and catatonia, posing diagnostic challenges. The variability of these neuropsychiatric symptoms necessitates early diagnosis through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to avoid prolonged antipsychotic treatment.This report details a case of MERS in a 39‐year‐old male. The patient initially presented with headache, sore throat, and abnormal laboratory results: leukocytosis, neutrophilia with a left shift, elevated C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels, and hyponatremia. On the fourth day of admission, he developed severe anxiety and restlessness, exhibited thoughts of death, and reported experiencing vivid hallucinations upon closing his eyes. MRI revealed a hyperintense lesion in the corpus callosum. A lumbar puncture showed no increase in cell count or protein. The patient showed a positive response to treatment with antibiotics and olanzapine, demonstrating rapid symptomatic improvement. A follow‐up MRI on the 11th day showed complete resolution of the brain lesions. Six months later, no neurological or psychiatric sequelae were noted. The patient's clinical progression and imaging findings led to a definitive diagnosis of MERS.The early presentation of symptoms such as restlessness, hallucinations, and death ideation played a critical role in diagnosing MERS, with early MRI examination being instrumental in both diagnosis and preventing prolonged antipsychotic medication use.","PeriodicalId":507124,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fact‐finding survey by systematic review of active support groups accepting people with eating disorders in Japan 通过系统审查对日本接受饮食失调症患者的积极支持团体进行实况调查

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.183

Sayo Hamatani, Y. Mizuno

引用次数: 0

Suicide mortality rates in Japan before and beyond the COVID‐19 pandemic era COVID-19 大流行之前和之后的日本自杀死亡率

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.188

M. Okada, Ryusuke Matsumoto, E. Motomura

{"title":"Suicide mortality rates in Japan before and beyond the COVID‐19 pandemic era","authors":"M. Okada, Ryusuke Matsumoto, E. Motomura","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.188","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical analyses from Japan reported increasing suicides in 2020, first in the world, proving the severity of the public health crisis during the COVID‐19 pandemic; however, so far, international suicides have not been shown to be objectively increasing at population level. Followed studies reported the existence of a substantial heterogeneity of suicides among subgroups and time‐lag impacts. Against public health crisis in Japan, policymakers, psychiatrists and public health personnel should prioritize improving suicide prevention programs following evidence‐based policymaking. Understanding how/what factors relate to the COVID‐19 pandemic and what other factors have shaped the increasing suicide numbers since 2020 through objectively well‐controlled/fine‐grained analyses of high‐quality longitudinal/cross‐sectional data at the individual, regional, and national levels is important for identifying the reasons for the recent trend. For this purpose, this study examined suicide statistics, statistical analysis methods, and their interpretations. Recent analyses suggest an increased suicide risk among females <50 years and males <30 years in 2020–2022. Notably, time‐series analyses revealed that adolescent suicides began increasing before the pandemic, while working‐age female suicides sharply increased synchronously with the pandemic outbreak. Causality analyses suggest that social issues facing Japan and recent global psychosocial and socioeconomic transformations are risk factors for suicide in high‐risk groups. Finally, this report demonstrates the importance of providing appropriate support based on an objective understanding of individuals who are at risk for suicide, without being bound by traditional established knowledges.","PeriodicalId":507124,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports","volume":"83 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140767800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Association between mental health social worker staffing in psychiatric emergency wards and readmission outcomes: A nationwide survey in Japan 精神科急诊病房中精神健康社工人员配备与再入院结果之间的关系：日本全国调查

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.189

Kosuke Suzuki, T. Niitsu, H. Kimura, Yuta Yanagisawa, Marina Ono, H. Komatsu, Kensuke Yoshimura, Hiroyuki Watanabe, M. Iyo

{"title":"Association between mental health social worker staffing in psychiatric emergency wards and readmission outcomes: A nationwide survey in Japan","authors":"Kosuke Suzuki, T. Niitsu, H. Kimura, Yuta Yanagisawa, Marina Ono, H. Komatsu, Kensuke Yoshimura, Hiroyuki Watanabe, M. Iyo","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.189","url":null,"abstract":"The mental healthcare system in Japan is transitioning from institution‐based to community‐based treatment. To prevent prolonged hospitalization and community integration of psychiatric patients, mental health social workers (MHSWs) are pivotal in coordinating post‐discharge arrangements for psychiatric inpatients. This study aimed to propose a care model to improve clinical outcomes in psychiatric emergency wards in Japan.We conducted a mail‐in questionnaire survey targeting medical facilities with psychiatric emergency wards. We collected data of the psychiatric care system, including facility profiles, staffing conditions and caseloads, and the provided psychiatric services and treatment options. Using multiple regression analyses, we explored associations between these data and clinical outcomes, focusing on the average number of days for hospitalization and the integration of patients into a community.Data were collected from 82 facilities (response rate, 45.8%). The average number of days for hospitalization and community integration were 64.7 and 327.9 days, respectively. The caseloads for MHSWs were significantly associated with longer hospitalization (β = 0.31, p = 0.009) and shorter duration of community living (β = −0.28, p = 0.027).The clinical performance in psychiatric emergency wards surpassed the Japanese government's targets regarding these outcomes. We found that heavy caseloads on MHSWs were associated with worse clinical outcomes for patients in psychiatric emergency wards. These findings suggest that reducing MHSW caseloads (≤20 cases) may be a potential interventional strategy to prevent prolonged hospitalization and promote successful community integration of patients.","PeriodicalId":507124,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140792537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is there evidence for the use of noninvasive brain stimulation techniques for children and adolescents with mental illness? 是否有证据表明对患有精神疾病的儿童和青少年使用非侵入性脑部刺激技术？

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.190

Noa Tsujii, Kosuke Okazaki, Hiroaki Kihara, M. Usami, Junichi Fujita, F. Horiuchi, Takashi Okada, Hideki Negoro

引用次数: 0

Cross‐sectional analyses of factors associated with the presence and aggravation of chronic insomnia by symptom subtypes 按症状亚型对与慢性失眠的存在和加重相关的因素进行横断面分析

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.184

Masumi Osao, I. Okajima, Yuichi Inoue

{"title":"Cross‐sectional analyses of factors associated with the presence and aggravation of chronic insomnia by symptom subtypes","authors":"Masumi Osao, I. Okajima, Yuichi Inoue","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.184","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the association of psychological and chronobiological factors with the presence and severity of chronic insomnia by symptom subtypes and their impacts on daytime dysfunctions.Participants of the present web‐based epidemiological study were classified as follows: difficulty initiating sleep (DIS) (n = 91); difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS) (n = 13); early morning awakening (EMA) (n = 48); DIS + DMS (n = 67); DIS + EMA (n = 23); DMS + EMA (n = 24); triplet of DIS, DMS, and EMA symptoms (TRP) (n = 69); and normal sleepers (n = 4590). The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ), insomnia‐related psychological measures (including the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test [FIRST] and the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale [DBAS]), and the cognitive and somatic domains of the Pre‐Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS) were evaluated.The presence of DIS and DIS + DMS were significantly associated with an evening preference, and EMA and EMA + DMS with a morning preference, while TRP showed no significant association with either chronotype. The increase in DBAS scores was associated with higher ISI scores in all subtypes. Meanwhile, the associations of each psychological measure varied among insomnia subtypes, with the association of PSAS cognitive arousal to DIS and PSAS somatic arousal to both DMS + EMA and TRP. Pathological HADS score was associated with all subtypes.Chronotypes may be associated with the presence of some insomnia subtypes; however, only psychological factors were speculated to contribute to the aggravation of all subtypes. All insomnia subtypes possibly contribute to the formation of depression.","PeriodicalId":507124,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports","volume":"48 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140400627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association between the Big Five personality traits and suicide‐related behaviors in Japanese institutionalized youths 日本福利院青少年的五大人格特质与自杀相关行为之间的关系

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.186

Masaru Takahashi, Kasumi Imahara, Yukiko Miyamoto, Kayoko Myojo, Michiko Yasuda

{"title":"Association between the Big Five personality traits and suicide‐related behaviors in Japanese institutionalized youths","authors":"Masaru Takahashi, Kasumi Imahara, Yukiko Miyamoto, Kayoko Myojo, Michiko Yasuda","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.186","url":null,"abstract":"Inmates in correctional institutions experience higher rates of suicide attempt (SA), suicidal ideation (SI), and nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) than the general population. This study aimed to examine the association between the Big Five personality traits and suicide‐related behavior, and to estimate the prevalence rate of such behaviors among Japanese institutionalized youth.The participants were 436 youths who had been admitted to four juvenile classification homes (JCHs) between September 2021 and March 2023; they were asked to respond to a self‐report questionnaire after obtaining informed consent.A total of 8.1% and 19.3%, 29.4% and 44.7%, and 46.3% and 75.3% of males and females had experienced SA, SI, and NSSI in their lifetime, respectively. Females reported significantly higher instances of suicide‐related behaviors than males considering all suicide‐related behaviors. Logistic regression analyses revealed that neuroticism significantly increased the odds ratios for SA, SI, and NSSI on controlling for sex, age, and number of admissions to JCHs. For NSSI, the odds ratio for agreeableness was significantly lower than 1, indicating a lower probability of NSSI.The findings of our study demonstrate that neuroticism, one of the Big Five traits, was consistently and significantly associated with all suicide‐related behaviors, including SA, SI, and NSSI, among youth offenders, while agreeableness was found as a protective factor only against NSSI. The results of this study might help correctional officers identify justice‐involved youth at higher risk for suicide and allow the development of early interventions to prevent suicide.","PeriodicalId":507124,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140406069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive behavioral therapy for a Japanese woman with olfactory reference disorder (ORD) comorbid with schizophrenia: A case study 对一名患有嗅觉参照障碍（ORD）并发精神分裂症的日本女性进行认知行为疗法：病例研究

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.179

Kazuki Matsumoto, Mari Nonaka, K. Arai, Masayuki Nakamura

{"title":"Cognitive behavioral therapy for a Japanese woman with olfactory reference disorder (ORD) comorbid with schizophrenia: A case study","authors":"Kazuki Matsumoto, Mari Nonaka, K. Arai, Masayuki Nakamura","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.179","url":null,"abstract":"Olfactory reference disorder (ORD) is a mental illness in which individuals overestimate their sense of smell and worry about the negative impact of odors. Little is known about its successful treatment. A new cognitive behavioral model was developed based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Using this model, this study reports a successful treatment process of a 53‐year‐old female with ORD.The patient's initial diagnosis was schizophrenia, and improvements were observed, such as the disappearance of persecutory delusions, through medication therapy. During this treatment process, it became clear that the patient's preoccupation with her own offensive body odor was not a hallucination or delusion caused by schizophrenia but rather a symptom of ORD. Within a limited 4‐week hospitalization period, high‐intensity CBT was provided by a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist. Multiple CBT techniques were employed, including case formulation to identify her beliefs, reviewing safety‐seeking behaviors, attention shift training, behavioral experiments, public opinion polls, mindfulness meditation, and exposure and response prevention.Following a seven‐sessions intensive intervention over 3 weeks, her symptoms of ORD, anxiety, and depression reduced. High‐frequency CBT practices could be beneficial in treatment of patients with severe ORD, addressing severe ORD cases, facilitating rapid improvement in both ORD symptoms and functioning.","PeriodicalId":507124,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports","volume":"83 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140274868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0