Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Atypical pupil-linked arousal induced by low-risk probabilistic choices, and intolerance of uncertainty in adults with ASD.","authors":"Kristina I Pultsina, Tatiana A Stroganova, Galina L Kozunova, Andrey O Prokofyev, Aleksandra S Miasnikova, Anna M Rytikova, Boris V Chernyshev","doi":"10.3758/s13415-024-01227-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-024-01227-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience stress when operating in a probabilistic environment, even if it is familiar, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Their decision-making may be affected by the uncertainty aversion implicated in ASD and associated with increased autonomic arousal. Previous studies have shown that in neurotypical (NT) people, decisions with predictably better outcomes are less stressful and elicit smaller pupil-linked arousal than those involving exploration. Here, in a sample of 46 high-functioning ASD and NT participants, using mixed-effects model analysis, we explored pupil-linked arousal and behavioral performance in a probabilistic reward learning task with a stable advantage of one choice option over the other. We found that subjects with ASD learned and preferred advantageous probabilistic choices at the same rate and to the same extent as NT participants, both in terms of choice ratio and response time. Although both groups exhibited similar predictive behaviors, learning to favor advantageous choices led to increased pupillary arousal for these choices in the ASD group, while it caused a decrease in pupillary arousal in the NT group. Moreover, greater pupil-linked arousal during decisions with higher expected value correlated with greater degree of self-reported intolerance of uncertainty in everyday life. Our results suggest that in a nonvolatile probabilistic environment, objectively good predictive abilities in people with ASD are coupled with elevated physiological stress and subjective uncertainty regarding the decisions with the best possible but still uncertain outcome that contributes to their intolerance of uncertainty.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"531-549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worry and rumination elicit similar neural representations: neuroimaging evidence for repetitive negative thinking.","authors":"Nikki A Puccetti, Caitlin A Stamatis, Kiara R Timpano, Aaron S Heller","doi":"10.3758/s13415-024-01239-z","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-024-01239-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) captures shared cognitive and emotional features of content-specific cognition, including future-focused worry and past-focused rumination. The degree to which these distinct but related processes recruit overlapping neural structures is undetermined, because most neuroscientific studies only examine worry or rumination in isolation. To address this, we developed a paradigm to elicit idiographic worries and ruminations during an fMRI scan in 39 young adults with a range of trait RNT scores. We measured concurrent emotion ratings and heart rate as a physiological metric of arousal. Multivariate representational similarity analysis revealed that regions distributed across default mode, salience, and frontoparietal control networks encode worry and rumination similarly. Moreover, heart rate did not differ between worry and rumination. Capturing the shared neural features between worry and rumination throughout networks supporting self-referential processing, memory, salience detection, and cognitive control provides novel empirical evidence to bolster cognitive and clinical models of RNT.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"488-500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pavlovian impatience: The anticipation of immediate rewards increases approach behaviour.","authors":"Floor Burghoorn, Anouk Scheres, John Monterosso, Mingqian Guo, Shan Luo, Karin Roelofs, Bernd Figner","doi":"10.3758/s13415-024-01236-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-024-01236-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People often exhibit intertemporal impatience by choosing immediate small over delayed larger rewards, which has been implicated across maladaptive behaviours and mental health symptoms. In this preregistered study, we tested the role of an intertemporal Pavlovian bias as possible psychological mechanism driving the temptation posed by immediate rewards. Concretely, we hypothesized that the anticipation of immediate rewards (compared with preference-matched delayed rewards) enhances goal-directed approach behaviour but interferes with goal-directed inhibition. Such a mechanism could contribute to the difficulty to inhibit ourselves in the face of immediate rewards (e.g., a drug), at the cost of long-term (e.g., health) goals. A sample of 184 participants completed a newly developed reinforcement learning go/no-go task with four trial types: Go to win immediate reward; Go to win delayed reward; No-go to win immediate reward; and No-go to win delayed reward trials. Go responding was increased in trials in which an immediate reward was available compared with trials in which a preference-matched delayed reward was available. Computational models showed that on average, this behavioural pattern was best captured by a cue-response bias reflecting a stronger elicitation of go responses upon presentation of an immediate (versus delayed) reward cue. The results of this study support the role of an intertemporal Pavlovian bias as a psychological mechanism contributing to impatient intertemporal choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"358-376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrophysiological signature of interoceptive attention: a spectral and source localization analysis.","authors":"Davide Crivelli, Michela Balconi","doi":"10.3758/s13415-024-01235-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-024-01235-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability to attend to and consciously process interoceptive signals is deemed critical for the development of minimal self, adaptive self-regulation and affective experience, and optimal expression of both instrumental and executive cognitive functions. Yet, notwithstanding the richness of theoretical proposals concerning inferential accounts of interoception, empirical evidence is still scarce. Building on such premises, this study was designed to investigate the electrophysiological signature of cognitive processes leading to aware coding of interoceptive signals via EEG source localization. Thirty-six healthy participants completed an interoceptive accuracy task, i.e., the Heartbeat Counting Task (HCT), while we collected task-related and resting state electrophysiological activity. eLORETA modelling and statistical nonparametric mapping were used to estimate intracortical current density and link such estimates to participants' performance at the task. Source analysis highlighted higher current density estimates for alpha frequencies during HCT with respect to rest, with the primary cortical generator in the right parahippocampal gyrus. Also, a set of medial cortical structures-primarily represented by the cingulate gyrus-showed significant relation between task-related changes in current density estimates for beta oscillations and HCT scores. Findings suggest the informativity of EEG task-related measures of neural activation when used to assess interoceptive skills, as well as of the potential of metrics and analysis based on source localization in the quest to improve our understanding of interoceptive accuracy and neurofunctional correlates of related active inferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"402-414"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometrics of drift-diffusion model parameters derived from the Eriksen flanker task: Reliability and validity in two independent samples.","authors":"Brent Ian Rappaport, Stewart A Shankman, James E Glazer, Savannah N Buchanan, Anna Weinberg, Allison M Letkiewicz","doi":"10.3758/s13415-024-01222-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-024-01222-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The flanker task is a widely used measure of cognitive control abilities. Drift-diffusion modeling of flanker task behavior can yield separable parameters of cognitive control-related subprocesses, but the parameters' psychometrics are not well-established. We examined the reliability and validity of four behavioral measures: (1) raw accuracy, (2) reaction time (RT) interference, (3) NIH Toolbox flanker score, and (4) two drift-diffusion model (DDM) parameters-drift rate and boundary separation-capturing evidence accumulation efficiency and speed-accuracy trade-off, respectively. Participants from two independent studies - one cross-sectional (N = 381) and one with three timepoints (N = 83) - completed the flanker task while electroencephalography data were collected. Across both studies, drift rate and boundary separation demonstrated comparable split-half and test-retest reliability to accuracy, RT interference, and NIH Toolbox flanker score, but better incremental convergent validity with psychophysiological measures (i.e., the error-related negativity; ERN) and neuropsychological measures of cognitive control than the other behavioral indices. Greater drift rate (i.e., faster and more accurate responses) to congruent and incongruent stimuli, and smaller boundary separation to incongruent stimuli were related to 1) larger ERN amplitudes (in both studies) and 2) faster and more accurate inhibition and set-shifting over and above raw accuracy, reaction time, and NIH Toolbox flanker scores (in Study 1). Computational models, such as DDM, can parse behavioral performance into subprocesses that exhibit comparable reliability to other scoring approaches, but more meaningful relationships with other measures of cognitive control. The application of these computational models may be applied to existing data and enhance the identification of cognitive control deficits in psychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"311-328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural response to vocal emotional intensity in youth.","authors":"M Morningstar, K A Billetdeaux, W I Mattson, A C Gilbert, E E Nelson, K R Hoskinson","doi":"10.3758/s13415-024-01224-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-024-01224-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research has identified regions of the brain that are sensitive to emotional intensity in faces, with some evidence for developmental differences in this pattern of response. However, comparable understanding of how the brain tracks linear variations in emotional prosody is limited-especially in youth samples. The current study used novel stimuli (morphing emotional prosody from neutral to anger/happiness in linear increments) to investigate whether neural response to vocal emotion was parametrically modulated by emotional intensity and whether there were age-related changes in this effect. Participants aged 8-21 years (n = 56, 52% female) completed a vocal emotion recognition task, in which they identified the intended emotion in morphed recordings of vocal prosody, while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Parametric analyses of whole-brain response to morphed stimuli found that activation in the bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG) scaled to emotional intensity in angry (but not happy) voices. Multivariate region-of-interest analyses revealed the same pattern in the right amygdala. Sensitivity to emotional intensity did not vary by participants' age. These findings provide evidence for the linear parameterization of emotional intensity in angry vocal prosody within the bilateral STG and right amygdala. Although findings should be replicated, the current results also suggest that this pattern of neural sensitivity may not be subject to strong developmental influences.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"454-470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential neural processing of reward and self-relevance in a social gambling paradigm.","authors":"Mathew R Hammerstrom, Gordon Binsted, Olave E Krigolson","doi":"10.3758/s13415-024-01247-z","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-024-01247-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We preferentially process self-related information. However, less is known about how this advantage extends to reward processing and if this process is sensitive to a continuum of self-relevance. Specifically, do we dissociate ourselves from all others when processing rewards, or do those we know personally also enjoy self-related biases? To address this, we recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) data from 30 undergraduate student participants who played a simple two-choice \"bandit\" gambling game where a photo presented before each gamble indicated whether it benefited either the participant, an individual they knew, or a person they did not know. Temporal spatial principal components analysis (tsPCA) of EEG data evoked by target photos revealed a component consistent with attention and early perceptual processing (the P200), while analysis of data evoked by the feedback stimuli revealed a component consistent with reward processing (the reward positivity). Results demonstrated that P200 component scores were larger for self-gambles than both known- and unknown-other target photos. Interestingly, and contrary to previous findings, reward positivity component scores were similar for all gambles independent of perceived ownership. Our findings suggest that, when gambling for individuals on a continuum of self-relevance, the potential for monetary gain based on the self-relevance cues is differentially processed for ourselves while the actual reward is not. We suggest that the known-other gambling target introduced an empathy-like effect, contesting the self-bias in reward processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"377-386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moral conviction interacts with metacognitive ability in modulating neural activity during sociopolitical decision-making.","authors":"Qiongwen Cao, Michael S Cohen, Akram Bakkour, Yuan Chang Leong, Jean Decety","doi":"10.3758/s13415-024-01243-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-024-01243-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The extent to which a belief is rooted in one's sense of morality has significant societal implications. While moral conviction can inspire positive collective action, it can also prompt dogmatism, intolerance, and societal divisions. Research in social psychology has documented the functional characteristics of moral conviction and shows that poor metacognition exacerbates its negative outcomes. However, the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying moral conviction, their relationship with metacognition, and how moral conviction is integrated into the valuation and decision-making process remain unclear. This study investigated these neurocognitive processes during decision-making on sociopolitical issues varying in moral conviction. Participants (N = 44) underwent fMRI scanning while deciding, on each trial, which of two groups of political protesters they supported more. As predicted, stronger moral conviction was associated with faster decision times. Hemodynamic responses in the anterior insula (aINS), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) were elevated during decisions with higher moral conviction, supporting the emotional and cognitive dimensions of moral conviction. Functional connectivity between lPFC and vmPFC was greater on trials higher in moral conviction, elucidating mechanisms through which moral conviction is incorporated into valuation. Average support for the two displayed groups of protesters was positively associated with brain activity in regions involved in valuation, particularly vmPFC and amygdala. Metacognitive sensitivity, the ability to discriminate one's correct from incorrect judgments, measured in a perceptual task, negatively correlated with parametric effects of moral conviction in the brain, providing new evidence that metacognition modulates responses to morally convicted issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"291-310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The two sides of Phobos: Gray and white matter abnormalities in phobic individuals.","authors":"Alessandro Grecucci, Alessandro Scarano, Ascensión Fumero, Francisco Rivero, Rosario J Marrero, Teresa Olivares, Yolanda Álvarez-Pérez, Wenceslao Peñate","doi":"10.3758/s13415-024-01258-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-024-01258-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small animal phobia (SAP) is a subtype of specific phobia characterized by an intense and irrational fear of small animals, which has been underexplored in the neuroscientific literature. Previous studies often faced limitations, such as small sample sizes, focusing on only one neuroimaging modality, and reliance on univariate analyses, which produced inconsistent findings. This study was designed to overcome these issues by using for the first time advanced multivariate machine-learning techniques to identify the neural mechanisms underlying SAP. Specifically, we relied on the multimodal Canonical Correlation Analysis approach combined with Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to decompose the structural magnetic resonance images from 122 participants into covarying gray and white matter networks. Stepwise logistic regression and boosted decision trees were then used to extract a predictive model of SAP. Our results indicate that four covarying gray and white matter networks, IC19, IC14, IC21, and IC13, were critical in classifying SAP individuals from control subjects. These networks included brain regions, such as the Middle Temporal Gyrus, Precuneus, Insula, and Anterior Cingulate Cortex-all known for their roles in emotional regulation, cognitive control, and sensory processing. To test the generalizability of our results, we additionally ran a supervised machine-learning model (boosted decision trees), which achieved an 83.3% classification accuracy, with AUC of 0.9, indicating good predictive power. These findings provide new insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of SAP and suggest potential biomarkers for diagnosing and treating this condition. The study offers a more nuanced understanding of SAP, with implications for future research and clinical applications in anxiety disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"550-569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related differences in the relationship between sustained attention and associative memory and Memory-Guided inference.","authors":"Tammy T Tran, Kevin P Madore, Kaitlyn E Tobin, Sophia H Block, Vyash Puliyadi, Shaw C Hsu, Alison R Preston, Arnold Bakker, Anthony D Wagner","doi":"10.3758/s13415-025-01292-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-025-01292-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Episodic memory enables the encoding and retrieval of novel associations, as well as the bridging across learned associations to draw novel inferences. A fundamental goal of memory science is to understand the factors that give rise to individual and age-related differences in memory-dependent cognition. Variability in episodic memory could arise, in part, from both individual differences in sustained attention and diminished attention in aging. We first report that, relative to young adults (N = 23; M = 20.0 years), older adults (N = 26, M = 68.7 years) demonstrated lower associative memory and memory-guided associative inference performance and that this age-related reduction in associative inference occurs even when controlling for associative memory performance. Next, we confirm these age-related memory differences by using a high-powered, online replication study (young adults: N = 143, M = 26.2 years; older adults N = 133, M = 67.7 years), further demonstrating that age-related differences in memory do not reflect group differences in sustained attention (as assayed by the gradual-onset continuous performance task; gradCPT). Finally, we report that individual differences in sustained attention explain between-person variability in associative memory and inference performance in the present, online young adult sample, but not in the older adult sample. These findings extend understanding of the links between attention and memory in young adults, demonstrating that differences in sustained attention was related to differences in memory-guided inference. By contrast, our data suggest that the present age-related differences in memory-dependent behavior and the memory differences between older adults are due to attention-independent mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}